II/387ivo://CDS.VizieR/II/387CDSSmith L.C.Lucas P.W.Koposov S.E.Gonzalez-Fernandez C.,Alonso-Garcia J.Minniti D.Sanders J.L.Bedin L.R.Belokurov V.,Evans N.W.Hempel M.Ivanov V.D.Kurtev R.G.Saito R.K.2025-09-24T07:02:11Z2025-04-29T10:33:57ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsurveysinfrared-sourcesinfrared-photometryproper-motionsvisible-astronomytrigonometric-parallaxWe present VIRAC2, a catalogue of positions, proper motions, parallaxes and Z, Y, J, H, and Ks near-infrared photometric time series of 545,346,537 unique stars. The catalogue is based on a point spread function fitting reduction of nearly a decade of VISTA VVV and VVVX images, which cover 560deg^2^ of the Southern Galactic plane and bulge. The catalogue is complete at the >90 per cent level for 11<K_s_mag<16 sources, but extends to Ks~17.5mag in most fields. Astrometric performance for 11<K_s_mag<14 sources is typically ~0.37mas/yr per dimension for proper motion, and 1mas for parallax. At Ks=16 the equivalent values are around 1.5mas/yr and 5mas. These uncertainties are validated against Gaia DR3 and Hubble Space Telescope astrometry. The complete catalogues are available via the ESO archive. We perform an initial search of the catalogue for nearby ultracool dwarf candidates. In total, we find 26 new sources whose parallaxes place them within 50pc of the Sun. Among them we find two high-confidence T dwarfs and a number of other sources that appear to lie close to the L/T transition.2025MNRAS.536.3707Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/II/387CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/233 : 2MASS All-Sky Extended Source Catalog (XSC) (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)II/364 : VIRAC. The VVV Infrared Astrometric Catalogue (Smith+, 2019)J/AJ/130/1247 : High proper motion stars in the DSS. III (Lepine+, 2005)J/ApJ/651/502 : Spitzer IRAC photometry of M, L, and T dwarfs (Patten+, 2006)J/MNRAS/383/831 : New DENIS nearby L and late-M dwarfs (Phan-Bao+, 2008)J/AJ/135/2177 : High proper motion stars in the DSS. IV. (Lepine, 2008)J/A+A/512/A37 : Velocities of 43 nearby L dwarfs (Seifahrt+, 2010)J/AJ/139/1808 : Colors and kinematics of SDSS L dwarfs (Schmidt+, 2010)J/A+A/530/A138 : Geneva-Copenhagen survey re-analysis (Casagrande+, 2011)J/ApJS/197/19 : First brown dwarfs discovered by WISE (Kirkpatrick+, 2011)J/AJ/143/70 : Differential reddening in MW globulars (Alonso-Garcia+, 2012)J/ApJS/201/19 : Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program. I. (Dupuy+, 2012)J/AJ/144/148 : Infrared phot. of brown dwarf and Hyper-LIRG (Griffith+, 2012)J/MNRAS/427/3280 : Ultra-cool dwarfs at low Galactic latitudes (Folkes+, 2012)J/ApJS/205/6 : T dwarf population revealed by WISE (Mace+, 2013)J/MNRAS/433/457 : 76 T dwarfs from the UKIDSS LAS (Burningham+, 2013)J/ApJ/781/4 : Phot. of high proper motion objects from WISE (Luhman, 2014)J/MNRAS/440/2036 : VPHAS+ survey synthetic colours (Drew+, 2014)J/ApJ/787/126 : WISE reduced proper motions and spectral types (Luhman+, 2014)J/ApJ/792/119 : Companions to nearby stars from Pan-STARRS 1 (Deacon+, 2014)J/MNRAS/443/2327 : New proper motion objects from UKIDSS GPS (Smith+, 2014)J/ApJ/817/112 : NEOWISE/AllWISE high proper motion objects (Schneider+, 2016)J/ApJS/225/10 : Kinematic analysis of M7-L8 dwarfs (Faherty+, 2016)J/ApJ/833/96 : Hawaii infrared plx program. II. Ultracool dwarfs (Liu+, 2016)J/MNRAS/464/1247 : VVV high proper motion stars. I. Ks<=13.5 (Kurtev+, 2017)J/ApJS/234/1 : M, L, & T dwarfs from PS1 3{pi} Survey (Best+, 2018)J/ApJ/856/23 : BANYAN. XI. The BANYAN {Sigma} algorithm (Gagne+, 2018)J/A+A/619/L8 : Ultra-cool dwarfs candidates in Gaia DR2 (Reyle, 2018)J/MNRAS/480/5447 : New L subdwarfs, population properties (Zhang+, 2018)J/ApJS/240/19 : Parallaxes of late-T and Y dwarfs (Kirkpatrick+, 2019)J/MNRAS/489/5301 : DES Y3 substellar LT and M catalogs (Carnero Rosell+, 2019)J/ApJ/889/74 : Spitzer follow-up of Y brown dwarfs (Meisner+, 2020)J/ApJ/899/123 : Spitzer follow up of 95 brown dwarfs (Meisner+, 2020)J/AJ/161/42 : Volume-limited sample of cool dwarfs. I. L0-T8 (Best+, 2021)J/ApJS/253/7 : A full-sky census of BDs within 20pc (Kirkpatrick+, 2021)J/A+A/649/A6 : Gaia Catalog of Nearby Stars - GCNS (Gaia collaboration, 2021)J/A+A/650/A201 : 10 parsec sample in the Gaia era first update (Reyle+, 2021)J/A+A/651/A47 : Variable stars in VVV globulars. II. (Alonso-Garcia+, 2021)J/MNRAS/506/2482 : Microlensing events in VVV light curves (Husseiniova+, 2021)J/MNRAS/508/3877 : Catalogue of white dwarfs in Gaia EDR3 (Gentile+, 2021)J/MNRAS/509/2566 : VIVACE, VIrac VAriable Classif. Ensemble (Molnar+, 2022)J/A+A/660/A131 : 99 low-mass stars in Gaia EDR3 CNS (Mejias+, 2022)J/AJ/166/103 : UKIRT Hemisphere Survey L, T & Y dwarfs (Schneider+, 2023)J/A+A/683/A33 : New nearby white dwarfs using Gaia DR3 (Golovin+, 2024)J/ApJS/271/55 : A full-sky 20pc census of stars & BDs (Kirkpatrick+, 2024)J/MNRAS/530/2972 : Mira variable cand. in Milky Way NSD region (Sanders+, 2024)J/A+A/687/A94 : VVV tiles b248 and b333 proper motions (Griggio+, 2024)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=II/387https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=II/387http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=II/387https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=II/387https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=II/387http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=II/387GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table II/387/virac2 (*VIRAC2 source catalog (VVVX DR3); the complete catalog containing 545,346,533 sources)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/II/387/virac2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/II/387/virac2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/II/387/virac2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true270.00111336676383-41.808284779774660.005555555555555556ESO0/0-11 6/8.643406281242892e-20 2.393642124494231e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/II/387?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultII/387/virac2*VIRAC2 source catalog (VVVX DR3); the complete catalog containing 545,346,533 sourcesNYobs[0/47] Approximate number of Y band observations (y_n_obs)meta.numberintsrcid[12358628000001/16194112000007] Unique source identified (sourceid)meta.id;meta.mainindexedRAJ2000[173.8/282.2] Right ascension (J2000) at Ep=2014.0 (ra)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-65.2/-17.3] Declination (J2000) at Ep=2014.0 (de)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainNep[10/2095] Number of epochs used for astrometric solution (astfit_epochs)meta.number;time.epochintNasp[5] Number of astrometric solution parameters (astfit_params)meta.numberintEpoch[2014.0] Astrometric reference epoch (ref_epoch)yrtime.epochfloatindexede_RAJ2000[1.3e-7/99711] Uncertainty on right ascension (ra_error)masstat.error;pos.eq.radoublee_DEJ2000[8.2e-6/52447] Uncertainty on declination (de_error)masstat.error;pos.eq.decdoubleplx[-228433/168607] Trigonometric parallax (parallax)maspos.parallax.trigdoublee_plx[0.19/59293] Uncertainty on trigonometric parallax (parallax_error)masstat.error;pos.parallax.trigdoublepmRA[-655937/599771] Proper motion in right ascension (pmra)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoubleindexede_pmRA[0.08/98316] Uncertainty on proper motion in right ascension (pmra_error)mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.radoublepmDE[-326227/227503] Proper motion in declination (pmde)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoubleindexede_pmDE[0.09/83896] Uncertainty on proper motion in declination (pmde_error)mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decdoubleRADEcor[-1/1] Correlation between ra and dec (ra_de_corr)stat.correlation;pos.eq.ra;pos.eq.decRAPlxcor[-1/1] Correlation between ra and parallax (ra_parallax_corr)stat.correlation;pos.eq.ra;pos.parallax.trigRApmRAcor[-1/1] Correlation between ra and proper motion in ra (ra_pmra_corr)stat.correlation;pos.pm;pos.eq.raRApmDEcor[-1/1] Correlation between ra and proper motion in dec (ra_pmde_corr)stat.correlation;pos.pm;pos.eq.decDEPlxcor[-1/1] Correlation between dec and parallax (de_parallax_corr)stat.correlation;pos.eq.dec;pos.parallax.trigDEpmRAcor[-1/1] Correlation between dec and proper motion in ra (de_pmra_corr)stat.correlation;pos.pm;pos.eq.raDEpmDEcor[-1/1] Correlation between dec and proper motion in dec (de_pmde_corr)stat.correlation;pos.pm;pos.eq.decPlxpmRAcor[-1/1] Correlation between parallax and proper motion in ra (parallax_pmra_corr)stat.correlation;pos.parallax.trig;pos.pmdoublePlxpmDEcor[-1/1] Correlation between parallax and proper motion in dec (parallax_pmde_corr)stat.correlation;pos.parallax.trig;pos.pmdoublepmRApmDEcor[-1/1] Correlation between proper motion in ra and proper motion in dec (pmra_pmde_corr)stat.correlation;pos.pmdoubleChi2[1.2/13282] Chi squared of astrometric fit (chisq)stat.fit.chi2doubleUWE[0.19/1.8] Unit weight error of astrometric fit (uwe)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleZmag[0.0016/30]? Mean Z band magnitude (phot_z_mean_mag)magphot.mag;stat.mean;em.opt.Ifloatnullableindexede_Zmag[0/3]? Standard deviation of Z band magnitude (phot_z_std_mag)magstat.stdev;phot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullableo_Zmag[0/44] Number of Z band epochs contributing to statistics (phot_z_n_epochs)meta.number;obs;em.opt.IintNZobs[0/44] Approximate number of Z band observations (z_n_obs)meta.numberintNZdet[0/44] Number of Z band detections (z_n_det)meta.numberintNZamb[0/42] Number of Z band detections shared with another source (z_n_amb)meta.numberintYmag[0.4/30]? Mean Y band magnitude (phot_y_mean_mag)magphot.mag;stat.mean;em.IR.Jfloatnullableindexede_Ymag[0/3.5]? Standard deviation of Y band magnitude (phot_y_std_mag)magstat.stdev;phot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullableo_Ymag[0/47] Number of Y band epochs contributing to statistics (phot_y_n_epochs)meta.number;obs;em.IR.JintNYdet[0/47] Number of Y band detections (y_n_det)meta.numberintNYamb[0/44] Number of Y band detections shared with another source (y_n_amb)meta.numberintJmag[0.009/30]? Mean J band magnitude (phot_j_mean_mag)magphot.mag;stat.mean;em.IR.Jfloatnullableindexede_Jmag[0/3.2]? Standard deviation of J band magnitude (phot_j_std_mag)magstat.stdev;phot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullableo_Jmag[0/107] Number of J band epochs contributing to statistics (phot_j_n_epochs)meta.number;obs;em.IR.JintNJobs[0/107] Approximate number of J band observations (j_n_obs)meta.numberintNJdet[0/107] Number of J band detections (j_n_det)meta.numberintNJamb[0/93] Number of J band detections shared with another source (j_n_amb)meta.numberintHmag[8e-4/30]? Mean H band magnitude (phot_h_mean_mag)magphot.mag;stat.mean;em.IR.Hfloatnullableindexede_Hmag[0/4.7]? Standard deviation of H band magnitude (phot_h_std_mag)magstat.stdev;phot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullableo_Hmag[0/70] Number of H band epochs contributing to statistics (phot_h_n_epochs)meta.number;obs;em.IR.HintNHobs[0/70] Approximate number of H band observations (h_n_obs)meta.numberintNHdet[0/70] Number of H band detections (h_n_det)meta.numberintNHamb[0/64] Number of H band detections shared with another source (h_n_amb)meta.numberintKsmag[9.2/18.6]? Mean Ks band magnitude (phot_ks_mean_mag)magphot.mag;stat.mean;em.IR.Kfloatnullableindexede_Ksmag[0/4.4]? Standard deviation of Ks band magnitude (phot_ks_std_mag)magstat.stdev;phot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullableo_Ksmag[0/2094] Number of Ks band epochs contributing to statistics (phot_ks_n_epochs)meta.number;obs;em.IR.KintNKsobs[0/2102] Approximate number of Ks band observations (ks_n_obs)meta.numberintNKsdet[10/2095] Number of Ks band detections (ks_n_det)meta.numberintNKsamb[0/1709] Number of Ks band detections shared with another source (ks_n_amb)meta.numberintKsEp1[55226.2/58727.2]? Epoch of first Ks band detection, MJD (ks_first_epoch)dtime.epoch;stat.min;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsEpl[55226.2/58727.2]? Epoch of last Ks band detection, MJD (ks_last_epoch)dtime.epoch;stat.max;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsSkew[-43.2/42.8]? Skewness of Ks band magnitudes (ks_skew)stat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag0th[0.003/18]? 0th percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p0)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag1st[3.98/18]? 1st percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p1)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag2nd[4.7/18]? 2nd percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p2)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag4th[6/18]? 4th percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p4)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag5th[6.8/18]? 5th percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p5)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag8th[8.9/18]? 8th percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p8)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag16th[9/18]? 16th percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p16)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag25th[9/18]? 25th percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p25)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag32th[9/18]? 32nd percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p32)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag50th[9.2/18]? 50th percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p50)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag68th[9.2/18]? 68th percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p68)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag75th[9.3/18.1]? 75th percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p75)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag84th[9.3/18.4]? 84th percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p84)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag92th[9.3/19.7]? 92nd percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p92)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag95th[9.3/21]? 95th percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p95)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag96th[9.3/21.5]? 96th percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p96)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag98th[9.3/24.3]? 98th percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p98)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag99th[9.3/26.2]? 99th percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p99)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKsmag100th[9.3/30]? 100th percentile of Ks band magnitudes (ks_p100)magstat.value;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableMedKsmag[0/3.6]? Median absolute deviation from the median Ks band magnitude (ks_mad)magstat.median;phot.mag;em.IR.Kdoublenullablee_MedKsmag[0.009/2.3]? Median uncertainty of Ks band magnitudes (ks_med_err)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableSIKsmag[-478/15722]? Stetson I index for Ks band magnitudes (ks_Stetson_I)src.var.index;em.IR.KdoublenullableSJKsmag[-11/96.2]? Stetson J index for Ks band magnitudes (ks_Stetson_J)src.var.index;em.IR.KdoublenullableSKKsmag[0.1/1]? Stetson K index for Ks band magnitudes (ks_Stetson_K)src.var.index;em.IR.KfloatnullableNSIobs[0/1006] Number of observation groups used for Stetson indices (ks_Stetson_group_count)meta.number;obsintetaKs[0.006/4]? Von Neumann eta index (ks_eta)src.var.indexfloatnullableetaKsMod[3.8e-5/3.7e9]? Modified von Neumann eta index (ks_eta_f)src.var.indexdoublenullable