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<ri:Resource created="2020-03-27T09:28:54Z" status="active" updated="2026-02-10T20:07:35Z" version="1.2" xmlns:cs="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/ConeSearch/v1.0" xmlns:ri="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/RegistryInterface/v1.0" xmlns:vr="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOResource/v1.0" xmlns:vs="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VODataService/v1.1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/ConeSearch/v1.0 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/ConeSearch.xsd http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOResource/v1.0 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/VOResource.xsd http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VODataService/v1.1 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/VODataService.xsd" xsi:type="vs:CatalogService"><title>C- and S-shaped radio galaxies</title><shortName>J/other/RAA/19.1</shortName><identifier>ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/other/RAA/19.127</identifier><altIdentifier>doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/dx/bjkbch</altIdentifier><curation><publisher ivo-id="ivo://CDS">CDS</publisher><creator><name>Liu Y.-X.</name></creator><creator><name>Xu H.-G.</name></creator><creator><name>Zheng D.-C.</name></creator><creator><name>Li W.-T.</name></creator><creator><name>Zhu Z.-H.</name></creator><creator><name>Ma Z.-X.</name></creator><creator><name>Lian X.-L.</name></creator><date role="Updated">2026-02-10T20:07:35Z</date><date role="Created">2020-03-27T09:28:54Z</date><contact><name>CDS support team</name><address>CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France</address><email>cds-question@unistra.fr</email></contact></curation><content><subject>radio-galaxies</subject><subject>redshifted</subject><subject>photometry</subject><subject>galaxy-classification-systems</subject><description>We study the environment of radio galaxies with different morphological types using the Proctor sample, which was built from the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters (FIRST) survey archive. Among the 15 radio galaxy types classified by Proctor, 199 C-shaped (i.e., wide- or narrow-angle tail) and 203 S-shaped (i.e., S- or Z-shaped) sources are selected in this work, which are located in the redshift range of 0.02&lt;z&lt;1, because these two subsamples are relatively larger than the other subsamples in the Proctor sample. By cross-matching these radio galaxies with the optical sources drawn from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) database and counting the SDSS sources with an r-band absolute magnitude brighter than -19 located within a 0.5Mpc distance around each source (i.e., the richness), we find that the fraction of C-shaped sources with a richness above 10 is larger than that of S-shaped sources. We have also correlated the radio galaxies in our sample with the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) defined in the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), and infer that the C-shaped sources are more likely to be BCGs than the S-shaped sources. These results support the idea that C-shaped radio galaxies often reside in a richer environment than radio galaxies with other morphological types.</description><source format="bibcode">2019RAA....19..127L</source><referenceURL>https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/other/RAA/19.127</referenceURL><type>Catalog</type><contentLevel>Research</contentLevel><relationship><relationshipType>IsServedBy</relationshipType><relatedResource ivo-id="ivo://CDS.VizieR/TAP">TAP VizieR generic service</relatedResource></relationship><relationship><relationshipType>IsServedBy</relationshipType><relatedResource>Conesearch service</relatedResource></relationship><relationship><relationshipType>related-to</relationshipType><relatedResource ivo-id="ivo://CDS.VizieR/VIII/92">VIII/92 : The FIRST Survey Catalog, Version 2014Dec17 (Helfand+, 2015)</relatedResource><relatedResource ivo-id="ivo://CDS.VizieR/V/147">V/147 : The SDSS Photometric Catalogue, Release 12 (Alam, 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