J/other/NatAs/8.ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/other/NatAs/8.368doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/dt/ikdgiCDSPerez-Diaz B.Perez-Montero E.Fernandez-Ontiveros J.A.Vilchez J.M.,Amorin R.2026-03-04T20:03:41Z2024-03-20T17:39:08ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxiesinfrared-sourceschemical-abundancesHeavy element accumulation and stellar mass assembly are fundamental processes in the formation and evolution of galaxies. However, the key elements that govern them, such as gas accretion and outflow, are not fully understood. This is especially true for luminous and massive galaxies, which usually suffer strong feedback as massive outflows and large-scale gas accretion triggered by galaxy interactions. Using a sample of 77 luminous infrared (IR) galaxies, we derive chemical abundances using new diagnostics based on nebular IR lines, which peer through their dusty medium and allow us to include the obscured metals. In contrast to optically based studies, our analysis reveals that most luminous IR galaxies remain close to the mass-metallicity relation. Four galaxies with extreme star formation rates (>60M_{sun}_/yr) in their late-merger stages show strongly depressed metallicities (12+log(O/H)~7.7-8.1) along with solar-like N/O ratios, indicative of gas mixing processes and suggesting the action of massive infall of metal-poor gas in a short phase, eventually followed by rapid enrichment. These results challenge the classical gas equilibrium scenario applied to main-sequence galaxies, suggesting that chemical enrichment and stellar-mass growth in luminous IR galaxies likely occur via mergers, driving these galaxies out of chemical equilibrium.2024NatAs...8..368Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/other/NatAs/8.368CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/A+A/652/A23 : HII-chi-mistry-IR. Abundances (Fernandez-Ontiveros+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/other/NatAs/8.368https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/other/NatAs/8.368http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/other/NatAs/8.368https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/other/NatAs/8.368https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/other/NatAs/8.368http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/other/NatAs/8.368GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/other/NatAs/8.368/table1 (IR spectroscopic information for the of galaxies from Fernandez-Ontiveros et al. (2021A&A...652A..23F, Cat. J/A+A/652/A23))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/other/NatAs/8.368/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/other/NatAs/8.368/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/other/NatAs/8.368/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true9.21856-33.5546570.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/other/NatAs/8.368/table2 (IR spectroscopic information for the of galaxies from IDEOS)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/other/NatAs/8.368/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/other/NatAs/8.368/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/other/NatAs/8.368/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true183.5400854.526270.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/other/NatAs/8.368/table3 (Chemical abundances for the galaxies from Fernandez-Ontiveros et al. (2021A&A...652A..23F, Cat. J/A+A/652/A23))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/other/NatAs/8.368/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/other/NatAs/8.368/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/other/NatAs/8.368/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true9.21856-33.5546570.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/other/NatAs/8.368/table4 (Chemical abundances for the galaxies from IDEOS)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/other/NatAs/8.368/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/other/NatAs/8.368/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/other/NatAs/8.368/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true183.5400854.526270.0055555555555555566/226 231 538 627 700 2409 2518 3389 3506 3824 3934 4511 5116 5492 5523 5715 5751 5816 5950 6011 6042 6046 6090 6419 7281 7606 8028 8106 8673 8707 8997 9388 10210 10431 10453 10587 10689 10761 10970 11177 11180 11382 11908 13021 13184 13523 14164 15323 15333 15592 16091 16655 16690 16758 16882 17252 17741 18002 18406 18753 18932 19934 20060-20061 20254 20388 22721 22828 23078 23339 23566 24855 24958 25594 25659 26035 26198 26271 26298 26324 26470 26937 26971 27258 27305 27514 28393 28496 28631 28999 30822 31081 31158 31430 31503 33986 34026 34273 35067 35243 35576 35602 35608 36756 36831 37821 38129 38139 38285 38935 39472 39960 40124 41276 41402 43082 43107 43147 43298 43874 43881 43994 44671 46077 46079 46130 46794 47854https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/other/NatAs/8.368?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/other/NatAs/8.368/table1IR spectroscopic information for the of galaxies from Fernandez-Ontiveros et al. (2021A&A...652A..23F, Cat. J/A+A/652/A23)SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameName or identificator of the objectsmeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000.0)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000.0)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainz[-0.01/7.55] Redshiftsrc.redshiftdoubleSpTypeSpectral type (1)src.spTypecharHI4mBrackett alpha line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.fluxfloate_HI4mBrackett alpha flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatHI7mPfund alpha line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.fluxfloate_SFR[]? Uncertaintiy of star formation ratesolMass/yrstat.error;phys.SFRdoublenullableMergerIR[3/4]? Merger stage as inferred from 2MASS photometry (2)meta.codeintnullableMergerHST[0/5]? Merger stage as inferred from HST photometry (3)meta.codeintnullableRefIRReferences for IR emission lines (4)meta.ref;pos.framecharRef*References for stellar mass and SFR values (5)meta.ref;pos.framechare_HI7mPfund alpha flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatSIV10mSIV at 10.5 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.fluxfloate_SIV10mSIV at 10.5 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatHI12mHumphreys alpha line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.fluxfloate_HI12mHumphreys alpha flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatNeII12mNeII at 12.8 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.IR.8-15um;spect.linedoublee_NeII12mNeII at 12.8 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatNeIII15mNeIII at 15.6 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.IR.15-30um;spect.linefloate_NeIII15mNeIII at 15.6 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatSIII18mSIII at 18 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.IR.15-30um;spect.linefloate_SIII18mSIII at 18 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatSIII33mSIII at 33 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.IR.30-60um;spect.linedoublee_SIII33mSIII at 33 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatOIII52mOIII at 52 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.IR.30-60um;spect.linedoublee_OIII52mOIII at 52 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatNIII57mNIII at 57 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.IR.30-60um;spect.linedoublee_NIII57mNIII at 57 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatOIII88mOIII at 88 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.IR.60-100um;spect.linedoublee_OIII88mOIII at 88 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatNII122mNII at 122 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.mm.1500-3000GHz;spect.linedoublee_NII122mNII at 122 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatlogM*? Logarithm of the stellar masssolMassphys.massdoublenullablee_logM*? Uncertaintiy of the stellar masssolMassstat.errordoublenullableSFR? Star formation ratesolMass/yrphys.SFRdoublenullableJ/other/NatAs/8.368/table2IR spectroscopic information for the of galaxies from IDEOSSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameName or identificator of the objectmeta.id;meta.maincharIDIdentification number within IDEOS samplemeta.idlongRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000.0)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000.0)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainz[0.0/0.09] Redshiftsrc.redshiftdoubleHI4mBrackett alpha line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.fluxfloate_HI4mBrackett alpha flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatArII7mArII at 6.99 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.IR.4-8um;spect.linedoublee_ArII7mArII at 6.99 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatHI7mPfund alpha line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.fluxfloate_HI7mPfund alpha flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatArIII9mArIII at 8.99 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.IR.8-15um;spect.linefloate_ArIII9mArIII at 8.99 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatSIV10mSIV at 10.5 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.fluxfloate_SIV10mSIV at 10.5 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatHI12mHumphreys alpha line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.fluxfloate_HI12mHumphreys alpha flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatNeII12mNeII at 12.8 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.IR.8-15um;spect.linedoubleNeIII15mNeIII at 15.6 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.IR.15-30um;spect.linefloate_NeIII15mNeIII at 15.6 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatSIII18mSIII at 18 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.IR.15-30um;spect.linedoublee_NeII12mNeII at 12.8 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloate_SIII18mSIII at 18 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatSIII33mSIII at 33 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.IR.30-60um;spect.linedoublee_SIII33mSIII at 33 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatOIII52mOIII at 52 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.IR.30-60um;spect.linefloate_OIII52mOIII at 52 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatNIII57mNIII at 57 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.IR.30-60um;spect.linefloate_NIII57mNIII at 57 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatOIII88mOIII at 88 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.IR.60-100um;spect.linefloate_OIII88mOIII at 88 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatNII122mNII at 122 microns line flux1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.mm.1500-3000GHz;spect.linefloate_NII122mNII at 122 microns flux uncertainty1e-17W.m**-2stat.errorfloatlogM*? Logarithm of the stellar masssolMassphys.massdoublenullablee_logM*? Uncertaintiy of the stellar masssolMassstat.errordoublenullableSFR? Star formation ratesolMass/yrphys.SFRdoublenullablee_SFR[]? Uncertaintiy of star formation ratesolMass/yrstat.error;phys.SFRdoublenullableMergerIR[0/4]? Merger stage as inferred from 2MASS photometry (1)meta.codeintnullableMergerHST[0/5]? Merger stage as inferred from HST photometry (2)meta.codeintnullableRefIRReferences for IR emission lines (3)meta.ref;pos.framecharRef*References for stellar mass and SFR values (4)meta.ref;pos.framecharJ/other/NatAs/8.368/table3Chemical abundances for the galaxies from Fernandez-Ontiveros et al. (2021A&A...652A..23F, Cat. J/A+A/652/A23)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameName or identificator of the objectmeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000.0)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000.0)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainO/H? IR-based oxygen abundance 12+log(O/H)phys.abunddoublenullablee_O/H? IR-based oxygen abundance 12+log(O/H) errorstat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableN/O? IR-based nitrogen-to-oxygen ratio log(N/O)phys.abunddoublenullablee_N/O? IR-based nitrogen-to-oxygen ratio log(N/O) errorstat.error;phys.abundfloatnullablelogU? IR-based ionization parameter log(U)phys.ionizParam.raddoublenullablee_logU? IR-based ionization parameter log(U) errorstat.error;pos.cartesian.xfloatnullableJ/other/NatAs/8.368/table4Chemical abundances for the galaxies from IDEOSrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameName or identificator of the objectmeta.id;meta.maincharIDIdentification number within IDEOS samplemeta.idlongRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000.0)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000.0)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainO/HIR-based oxygen abundance 12+log(O/H)phys.abunddoublee_O/HIR-based oxygen abundance 12+log(O/H) errorstat.error;phys.abundfloatN/O? IR-based nitrogen-to-oxygen ratio log(N/O)phys.abundintnullablee_N/O? IR-based nitrogen-to-oxygen ratio log(N/O) errorstat.error;phys.abundintnullablelogUIR-based ionization parameter log(U)phys.ionizParam.raddoublee_logUIR-based ionization parameter log(U) errorstat.error;pos.cartesian.xfloat