J/other/NatAs/2.ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/other/NatAs/2.76doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/dt/ckhgCDSCava A.Schaerer D.Richard J.Perez-Gonzalez P.G.,Dessauges-Zavadsky M.Mayer L.Tamburello V.2026-03-04T20:02:57Z2023-08-30T16:18:26ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxy-clustersgravitational-lensinghst-photometryultraviolet-photometryvisible-astronomyinfrared-astronomyGiant stellar clumps are ubiquitous in high-redshift galaxies. They are thought to play an important role in the build-up of galactic bulges and as diagnostics of star formation feedback in galactic discs4. Hubble Space Telescope (HST) blank field imaging surveys have estimated that these clumps have masses of up to 10^9.5^M_{sun}_ and linear sizes of ~1kpc. Recently, gravitational lensing has also been used to get higher spatial resolution. However, both recent lensed observations and models suggest that the clumps' properties may be overestimated by the limited resolution of standard imaging techniques. A definitive proof of this observational bias is nevertheless still missing. Here we investigate directly the effect of resolution on clump properties by analysing multiple gravitationally lensed images of the same galaxy at different spatial resolutions, down to 30pc. We show that the typical mass and size of giant clumps, generally observed at ~1kpc resolution in high-redshift galaxies, are systematically overestimated. The high spatial resolution data, only enabled by strong gravitational lensing using currently available facilities, support smaller scales of clump formation by fragmentation of the galactic gas disk via gravitational instabilities.2018NatAs...2...76Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/other/NatAs/2.76CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/other/NatAs/2.76https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/other/NatAs/2.76http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/other/NatAs/2.76https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/other/NatAs/2.76https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/other/NatAs/2.76http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/other/NatAs/2.76GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/other/NatAs/2.76/table4 (Constraints used for the lensing modelling)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/other/NatAs/2.76/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/other/NatAs/2.76/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/other/NatAs/2.76/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true181.5448333-8.799450.0055555555555555566/254512.0401237512456292e-19 7.605786964834612e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/other/NatAs/2.76?format=asciiUVOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/other/NatAs/2.76/table1Part I. Photometric cataloguerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDIdentification name (G1)meta.id;meta.maincharF275W? F275W WFC3 UVIS AB magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.UV.200-300nmfloatnullablee_F275W? F275W WFC3 UVIS AB magnitude errormagstat.errorfloatnullableF336W? F336W WFC3 UVIS AB magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullablee_F336W? F336W WFC3 UVIS AB magnitude errormagstat.errorfloatnullableF390WF390W WFC3 UVIS AB magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_F390WF390W WFC3 UVIS AB magnitude errormagstat.errorfloatF435W? F435W ACS WFC AB magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_F435W? F435W ACS WFC AB magnitude errormagstat.errorfloatnullableF475WF475W ACS WFC AB magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_F475WF475W ACS WFC AB magnitude errormagstat.errorfloatF606WF606W ACS WFC AB magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_F606WF606W ACS WFC AB magnitude errormagstat.errorfloatF625WF625W ACS WFC AB magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_F625WF625W ACS WFC AB magnitude errormagstat.errorfloatJ/other/NatAs/2.76/table2Part II. Photometric cataloguerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDIdentification name (G1)meta.id;meta.maincharF775WF775W ACS WFC AB magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_F775WF775W ACS WFC AB magnitude errormagstat.errorfloatF814WF336W ACS WFC AB magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_F814WF336W ACS WFC AB magnitude errormagstat.errorfloatF850LPF850LP ACS WFC AB magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_F850LPF850LP ACS WFC AB magnitude errormagstat.errorfloatF105WF105W WPC3 IR AB magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_F105WF105W WPC3 IR AB magnitude errormagstat.errorfloatF110WF110W WPC3 IR AB magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_F110WF110W WPC3 IR AB magnitude errormagstat.errorfloatF125WF125W WPC3 IR AB magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_F125WF125W WPC3 IR AB magnitude errormagstat.errorfloatF140WF140W WPC3 IR AB magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_F140WF140W WPC3 IR AB magnitude errormagstat.errorfloatF160WF160W WPC3 IR AB magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloate_F160WF160W WPC3 IR AB magnitude errormagstat.errorfloatJ/other/NatAs/2.76/table3Structural and physical properties of the clumpsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDIdentification name (G1)meta.id;meta.maincharamajSemi-major axisarcsecphys.angSizefloatbminSemi-minor axisarcsecphys.angSize.sminAxisfloatRmucDemagnified equivalent radius (1)pcphys.size.radiusintlog(Mmud)Demagnified mass (Mmu=Mass/mu)log(solMass)phys.massfloatmueHarmonic average amplification factorstat.fit.paramfloatJ/other/NatAs/2.76/table4Constraints used for the lensing modellingrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDcIdentification constraints code (1)meta.id;stat.fitcharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) (2)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000) (2)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainxIDCross-identified source name (2)meta.id;meta.mainchar