J/other/FrASS/9.ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/other/FrASS/9.1019751CDSJha B.K.Hegde M.Priyadarshi A.Mandal S.Ravindra B.Banerjee D.2023-10-02T07:48:01Z2022-11-30T15:08:12ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frthe-sunKodaikanal Solar Observatory (KoSO) possesses one of world's longest and homogeneous records of sunspot observations that span more than a century (1904-2017). Interestingly, these observations (originally recorded in photographic plates/films) were taken with the same setup over this entire time period which makes this data unique and best suitable for long-term solar variability studies. A large part of this data, between 1921-2011, were digitized earlier and a catalog containing the detected sunspot parameters (e.g., area and location) was published in Mandal et al. (2017A&A...601A.106M, Cat. J/A+A/601/A106). In this article, we extend the earlier catalog by including new sets of data between 1904-1921 and 2011-2017. To this end, we digitize and calibrate these new datasets which include resolving the issue of random image orientation. We fix this by comparing the KoSO images with co-temporal data from Royal Greenwich Observatory. Following that, a semi-automated sunspot detection and automated umbra detection algorithm are implemented onto these calibrated images to detect sunspots and umbra. Additionally, during this catalog updation, we also filled data gaps in the existing KoSO sunspot catalog (1921-2011) by virtue of re-calibrating the 'rouge' plates. This updated sunspot area series covering nearly 115 years (1904-2017) are being made available to the community and will be a unique source to study the long term variability of the Sun.2022FrASS...919751Jhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/other/FrASS/9.1019751CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toVI/138 : Sunspots catalogues, 1853-1870 (Casas+, 2013)J/A+A/390/707 : Hemispheric Sunspot Numbers 1975-2000 (Temmer+, 2002)J/A+A/447/735 : Hemispheric Sunspot Numbers 1945-2004 (Temmer+, 2006)J/A+A/584/A73 : Sunspot areas and tilt angles (Senthamizh Pavai+, 2015)J/A+A/595/A104 : Scheiner drawing sunspot areas and tilt angles (Arlt+, 2016)J/A+A/599/A131 : Butterfly diagram wings (Leussu+, 2017)J/A+A/601/A106 : Sunspot on 1921-2011 (Mandal+, 2017)J/A+A/601/A109 : Monthly numbers of sunspot groups 1749-1996 (Usoskin+, 2017)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/other/FrASS/9.1019751https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/other/FrASS/9.1019751http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/other/FrASS/9.1019751https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/other/FrASS/9.1019751https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/other/FrASS/9.1019751http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/other/FrASS/9.1019751GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapdefaultJ/other/FrASS/9.1019751/wlareav2Kodaikanal White light Sunspot and Umbra Area Time: 1904-2017, Version no: kodai_WL_V2.0recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTimeTime of Observationtime.epochcharLatLatitude of Sunspotdegpos.framefloatLonLongitude of Sunspotdegpos.earth.lonfloatSpotAreaArea of Sunspot in Millionth of hemisphere (in muHem units)phys.angSizefloatUmbraAreaArea of Umbra in Millionth of hemisphere (in muHem units)phys.angSizefloat