J/MNRAS/539/265ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/539/265doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.75390265CDSFerreira F.A.Santos J.F.C.JrCorradi W.J.B.Angelo M.S.Maia F.F.S.2025-09-22T20:14:48Z2025-04-16T09:36:26ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmilky-way-galaxyopen-star-clustersphotometryvisible-astronomyinfrared-astronomyStar clusters are crucial for understanding how stars evolve. Their colour- magnitude diagrams show the effects of stellar evolution of approximately coeval objects with the same chemical composition. Furthermore, the determination of their astrophysical parameters (age, distance, colour excess and metallicity) together with their spatial distribution provides information about the structure and the evolution of the Galaxy itself. Using data from the Gaia DR3 and 2MASS catalogues, we develop methodologies for characterizing open clusters. Precise membership lists, mean astrometric parameters and radii are obtained. Using photometric data from both data sources, we carried out new age calibrations that rely on morphological indices based on colour ({DELTA}B-R) and magnitude ({DELTA}G) differences between the red clump and the turnoff for a sample of 34 open clusters with ages covering the interval 8.3<log[t(yr)]<9.9. A set of age calibration functions based on Gaia morphological age indices are determined for the first time. We demonstrate their accuracy, obtaining a mean residual of 0.06 dex in log[t(yr)]. Our results also show that stellar evolution models tend to predict the difference {DELTA}G. However, they typically overestimate the difference {DELTA}BR for objects younger than log[t(yr)]=8.8.2025MNRAS.539..265Fhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/539/265CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/539/265https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/539/265http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/539/265https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/539/265https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/539/265http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/539/265GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/539/265/param (OCS astrometric astrophysical parameters RCs and TO)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/539/265/param?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/539/265/param?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/539/265/param?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true11.7494185.24279020.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/539/265/members (Member lists of the OCs)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/539/265/members?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/539/265/members?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/539/265/members?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true11.876821185.25420.0055555555555555565/3688 5384 5554 7432 7609 10458 10568 6/2347 2350 2433-2438 2441 2990-2991 3089 3091 3094 4075-4076 4078 4253 4255 4296 4298 4320 4782-4783 6148-6149 14173 14175 14197 14779 14782 15120-15121 15124 21529 21531-21532 21534 22498-22499 22504-22505 23635-23636 23638 24115 24120-24121 24479 24520 24522 29023 29044-29045 29047 29064 29066 29706 29736 30215 30221 30226 30232 30444-30445 30448 30450 30456 37867 37870 37920-37921 37969-37971 39347 39350 39353 39356 39773-39775 39863 39869 39894-39895 39900-39901 39906 39912 40456 40458 40690 40696-40697 41607 41612-41613 41791 41877 41920 42103 42177 42180 42210-42211 42216-42217 43020 43022 43044 43054-43055 43140-431417.952274030004205e-20 1.0188844282367877e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/539/265?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/MNRAS/539/265/paramOCS astrometric astrophysical parameters RCs and TOrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decindexedSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharClusterIDInternal cluster ID (clu_id)meta.idintClusterCluster name (CLUSTER)meta.id;meta.maincharRA_ICRSCluster center right ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (RA)degpos.eq.ra;meta.maindJ-KDifference in colour J-K between the RC and the turnoff (DELTA_JK)magphot.color;arith.diffdoubleDE_ICRSCluster center declination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (DEC)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGLONCluster center Galactic longitude (L)degpos.galactic.lonGLATCluster center Galactic latitude (B)degpos.galactic.latdoubleRlimLimiting Radius in arcmin (RLIM)arcminphys.angSizedoubleR50Radius in which half of the identified members are located (R50)phys.angSize;srcdoublepmRACluster proper motion along RA, pmRA*cosDE (PMRA)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmRAStandard error on pmRA (E_PMRA)mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.radoubles_pmRAStandard deviation on pmRA (S_PMRA)mas/yrstat.stdev;pos.pm;pos.eq.radoublepmDECluster proper motion along DE (PMDE)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublee_pmDEStandard error on pmDE (E_PMDE)mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decdoubles_pmDEStandard deviation on pmDE (S_PMDE)mas/yrstat.stdev;pos.pm;pos.eq.decdoubleplxCluster mean parallax (PLX)maspos.parallax.trigdoublee_plxStandard error on plx (E_PLX)masstat.error;pos.parallaxdoubles_plxStandard deviation on plx (S_PLX)masstat.stdev;pos.parallaxdoubleNNumber of cluster stars (N)meta.numberintGmagCApparent magnitude G of the RC (G_CLUMP)magphot.mag;em.optdoublee_GmagCError of the apparent magnitude G of the RC (E_G_CLUMP)magstat.error;phot.magdoubleB-RCApparent colour Gbp-Grp of the RC (BR_CLUMP)magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Rdoublee_B-RCError of the apparent colour Gbp-Grp of the RC (E_BR_CLUMP)magstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.BdoubleGmagTOApparent magnitude G of the turnoff (G_CLUMP) (G_TO)magphot.mag;em.optdoublee_GmagTOError of the apparent magnitude G of the turnoff (E_G_TO)magstat.errordoubleB-RTOApparent colour Gbp-Grp of the turnoff (BR_TO)magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Rdoublee_B-RTOError of the apparent colour Gbp-Grp of the turn-off (E_BR_TO)magstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.BdoubledGmagDifference in magnitude G between the RC and the turnoff (DELTA_G)magphot.mag;arith.diffdoublee_dGmagError of the difference in magnitude G between the RC and the turnoff (E_DELTA_G)magstat.error;phot.magdoubledB_RDifference in colour Gbp-Grp between the RC and the turnoff (DELTA_BR)magphot.magdoublee_dB_RError of the difference in colour Gbp-Grp between the RC and the turnoff (E_DELTA_BR)magstat.errordoubleKmagCApparent magnitude K of the RC (K_CLUMP)magphot.mag;em.IR.Kdoublee_KmagCError of the apparent magnitude K of the RC (Expression: $41) (e_k_clump)magstat.error;phot.magdoubleJ-KCApparent colour J-K of the RC (JK_CLUMP)magphot.color;em.IR.J;em.IR.Kdoublee_J-KCError of the apparent colour J-K of the RC (E_JK_CLUMP)magstat.error;phot.color;em.IR.JdoubleKmagTOApparent magnitude K of the turnoff (K_TO)magphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloate_KmagTOError of the apparent magnitude K of the turnoff (E_K_TO)magstat.errordoubleJ-KTOApparent colour J-K of the turnoff (JK_TO)magphot.color;em.IR.J;em.IR.Kdoublee_J-KTOError of the apparent colour J-K of the turnoff (E_JK_TO)magstat.error;phot.color;em.IR.JdoubledKmagDifference in magnitude K between the RC and the turnoff (DELTA_K)magphot.mag;arith.diffdoublee_dKmagError of the difference in magnitude G between the RC and the turnoff (E_DELTA_K)magstat.error;phot.magdoublee_dJ-KError of the difference in colour J-K between the RC and the turnoff (E_DELTA_JK)magstat.errordoubleNClumpGNumber of stars in the RC for Gaia photometry (N_CLUMP_G)meta.numberfloatNClumpKNumber of stars in the RC for 2MASS photometry (N_CLUMP_K)meta.numberfloat[Fe/H]Metallicity according to N2016 (Fe_H_1)phys.abund.Zfloate_[Fe/H]Uncertainty on [Fe/H] according to N2016 (e_Fe_H)stat.error;phys.abund.FefloatlogtAge according to N2016 (logt)log(yr)time.agedoublee_logtUncertainty on Age according to N2016 (e_logt)log(yr)stat.errordoubleDistDiasCluster distance according to Dias et al., 2021MNRAS.504..356D, Cat. J/MNRAS/504/356 (Dist_dias)pcpos.distanceinte_DistDiasrms uncertainty on distance according to Dias et al., 2021MNRAS.504..356D, Cat. J/MNRAS/504/356 (e_Dist_dias)pcstat.errorintmoddistDistance modulus according to Dias et al., 2021MNRAS.504..356D, Cat. J/MNRAS/504/356 (moddist)phot.mag.distModdoublee_moddistrms uncertainty on distance modulus according to Dias et al., 2021MNRAS.504..356D, Cat. J/MNRAS/504/356 (e_moddist)stat.errordoubleAVAbsorption in V band according to Dias et al., 2021MNRAS.504..356D, Cat. J/MNRAS/504/356 (Av)magphot.magfloate_AVrms uncertainty on Av according to Dias et al., 2021MNRAS.504..356D, Cat. J/MNRAS/504/356 (e_Av)magstat.errorfloatJ/MNRAS/539/265/membersMember lists of the OCsNameCluster name (name)meta.id.parentchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decindexedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintClusterIDinternal cluster ID (clu_id)meta.id.parentintRA_ICRSright ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (RA)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (DEC)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedpmRAProper motion in right ascension direction, pmRA*cosDE (PMRA)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmRAStandard error of proper motion in right ascension direction (E_PMRA)mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.radoublepmDEProper motion in declination direction (PMDE)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublee_pmDEStandard error of proper motion in declination direction (E_PMDE)mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decdoubleplxParallax (PLX)maspos.parallax.trigdoublee_plxStandard error of parallax (E_PLX)masstat.error;pos.parallaxdoubleBPmagIntegrated BP mean magnitude (BPMAG)magphot.mag;em.opt.BdoubleRPmagIntegrated RP mean magnitude (RPMAG)magphot.mag;em.opt.RdoubleGmagG-band mean magnitude (GMAG)magphot.mag;em.optdoubleGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source_id (SOURCE)magmeta.id;meta.main