J/MNRAS/537/2662ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/537/2662doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.75372662CDSEbeling H.Richard J.Beauchesne B.Basto Q.Edge A.C.Smail I.2025-03-03T20:14:44Z2025-02-19T10:23:10ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxy-clustersx-ray-sourcesgravitational-lensingredshiftedWe present a sample of over 100 highly X-ray luminous galaxy clusters (L_X,0.1-2.4keV_~10^45^erg/s) at z~0.5-0.9, discovered by the extended Massive Cluster Survey (eMACS) in ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RASS) data. Follow-up observations of a subset at higher resolution and greater depth with the Chandra X-ray Observatory are used to map the gaseous intracluster medium, while strong-gravitational-lensing features identified in Hubble Space Telescope imaging allow us to constrain the total mass distribution. We present evidence of the exceptional gravitational-lensing power of these massive systems, search for substructure along the line of sight by mapping the radial velocities of cluster members obtained through extensive ground-based spectroscopy, and identify dramatic cases of galaxy evolution in high-density cluster environments. The available observations of the eMACS sample presented here provide a wealth of insights into the properties of very massive clusters (M_200_~10^15^M_{sun}_) at z>0.5, which act as powerful lenses to study galaxies in the very distant Universe. We also provide first assessments of the evolutionary state, galaxy populations, and large-scale environment of eMACS clusters and release to the community the cluster sample and supporting spectroscopic catalogues to further the understanding of the first generation of truly massive clusters to have formed in the Universe.2025MNRAS.537.2662Ehttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/537/2662CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/537/2662https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/537/2662http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/537/2662https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/537/2662https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/537/2662http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/537/2662GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/537/2662/emacs (EMACS clusters (ID and position))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/537/2662/emacs?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/537/2662/emacs?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/537/2662/emacs?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true3.725-0.9333330.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/537/2662/emacs_z (Spectroscopic redshifts)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/537/2662/emacs_z?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/537/2662/emacs_z?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/537/2662/emacs_z?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true3.6932-0.98520.0055555555555555566/32 322 490 652 897 2058 4512 5109 5333 5398-5399 5622 5792 6023 6112 6383 6516 6518 6521 6524 6539 6653 6655 6977 7802 7904 8319 8323 8625 8921 9060 9706 10414 10598 10673 10780-10781 11425 11427 11436 11463 11753 12310 12348 13528 15233 15328 15345 16297 16299 16541 16892 16894 16956 17222 17614 17980 18081 18097 18212 18280 18407 18475 18490 18627 18784 19011 19337-19339 19575 19812 19848 19865 19950 19980 20392 22591 22915 23169 24734 25375 25406 25418 25678 25863 25947 26006 26358-26359 26663 26981 26992 27372-27373 27375 27406 28095 28447-28448 30970 31728-31729 32357 32359 32704 32706 32766 34652 36082 36393 36433 36560 36617 36619 40384 40828 40929 40939 43990 48319 48361 48440 48442 48670-48671 48692 48742 48748 48858 49012https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/537/2662?format=asciiX-raydefaultJ/MNRAS/537/2662/emacsEMACS clusters (ID and position)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainzCluster redshift (z)src.redshiftfloatNzmemb? Number of spec. membersmeta.numberintnullabletCXO? Chandra exposure timekstime.duration;obs.exposureintnullableFX-RASS0.1-2.4keV flux in units 10^-12^erg/s/cm^2^1e-15W.m**-2phot.flux;em.X-rayfloatt-RASSRASS exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintLH-RASSSource likelihoodstat.likelihoodintNph-RASSNumber of photons detected in RASSmeta.numberfloatnH? HI column density1e+20cm**-2phys.columnDensityfloatnullableLX-RASS? 0.1-2.4keV X-ray luminosity in units 10^44^erg/s1e+37Wphys.luminosity;em.X-rayfloatnullablee_LX-RASS[]? Error on Lx in units 10^44^erg/s1e+37Wstat.errorfloatnullabletACIS-I? ACIS-I exposure timekstime.duration;obs.exposurefloatnullableR1000? R1000 radiuskpcphys.size.radiusintnullableE_R1000? Upper error on R1000kpcstat.error;stat.maxintnullablee_R1000[]? Lower error on R1000kpcstat.errorintnullableFX-CXO? 0.5-7keV flux in units 10^-13^erg/s/cm^2^1e-16W.m**-2phot.flux;em.X-raydoublenullableE_FX-CXO? Upper error on FX-CXO in units 10^-13^erg/s/cm^2^1e-16W.m**-2stat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_FX-CXO[]? Lower error on FX-CXO in units 10^-13^erg/s/cm^2^1e-16W.m**-2stat.errordoublenullableLX-CXO? 0.5-7keV X-ray luminosity in units 10^44^erg/s1e+37Wphys.luminosity;em.X-raydoublenullableE_LX-CXO? Upper error on LX-CXO in units 10^44^erg/s1e+37Wstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablee_LX-CXO[]? Lower error on LX-CXO in units 10^44^erg/s1e+37Wstat.errordoublenullablekTX-CXO? X-ray temperaturekeVphys.temperaturefloatnullableE_kTX-CXO? Upper error on kTxkeVstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_kTX-CXO[]? Lower error on kTxkeVstat.errordoublenullableMX-R1000? X-ray derived mass within R10001e+14solMassphys.massdoublenullableE_MX-R1000? Upper error on MX-R10001e+14solMassstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_MX-R1000[]? Lower error on MX-R10001e+14solMassstat.errordoublenullableMorphCluster morphological classsrc.morph.typecharRe-PM? Parametric model Rearcsecphys.angSize;srcintnullablee_Re-PM? Uncertainty in Re_PMarcsecstat.errorintnullableMRe-PM? Enclosed mass within Re_PM1e+12solMassphys.massintnullableNmult? Number of multiple systemsmeta.numberintnullableNz? Number of spectroscopic redshiftsmeta.numberintnullableClusterCluster name, eMACSJHHMM.m+DDMM or MACSJHHMM.m_DDMMmeta.id;meta.maincharRadio[3GHz 5GHz] Radio coverage frequencyem.freqcharRdetect[D/N] BCG radio detectedmeta.codecharHSTbandsHST filter coverage (HST_passbands)phot.mag;em.opt.VcharObsRunsKeckAssociated Keck observing runsmeta.id;obscharJ/MNRAS/537/2662/emacs_zSpectroscopic redshiftsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameName (eMACSHHMM-NN)meta.id;meta.maincharTypeType (1)meta.codecharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Delcination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainzSpectroscopic redshiftsrc.redshiftfloat