J/MNRAS/523/169ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/523/169CDSSmith G.D.Gillen E.Hodgkin S.T.Alves D.R.Anderson D.R.,Battley M.P.Burleigh M.R.Casewell S.L.Gill S.Goad M.R.,Henderson B.A.Jenkins J.S.Kendall A.Moyano M.Ramsay G.,Tilbrook R.H.Vines J.I.West R.G.Wheatley P.J.2026-09-04T08:42:39Z2026-09-04T09:09:50ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fropen-star-clustersstellar-associationsyoung-stellar-objectsvariable-starspre-main-sequence-starsastronomical-object-identificationastrometryphotometryvisible-astronomyinfrared-astronomyspectroscopyeffective-temperatureextinctionabsolute-magnitudeastronomical-reference-materialsstellar-agesstellar-massesastronomical-modelsWe present a study of rotation across 30 square degrees of the Orion Star-forming Complex, following a ~200 d photometric monitoring campaign by the Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS). From 5749 light curves of Orion members, we report periodic signatures for 2268 objects and analyse rotation period distributions as a function of colour for 1789 stars with spectral types F0-M5. We select candidate members of Orion using Gaia data and assign our targets to kinematic sub-groups. We correct for interstellar extinction on a star-by-star basis and determine stellar and cluster ages using magnetic and non-magnetic stellar evolutionary models. Rotation periods generally lie in the range 1-10 d, with only 1.5 per cent of classical T Tauri stars or Class I/II young stellar objects rotating with periods shorter than 1.8 d, compared with 14 per cent of weak-line T Tauri stars or Class III objects. In period-colour space, the rotation period distribution moves towards shorter periods among low-mass (>M2) stars of age 3-6 Myr, compared with those at 1-3 Myr, with no periods longer than 10 d for stars later than M3.5. This could reflect a mass-dependence for the dispersal of circumstellar discs. Finally, we suggest that the turnover (from increasing to decreasing periods) in the period-colour distributions may occur at lower mass for the older-aged population: ~K5 spectral type at 1-3 Myr shifting to ~M1 at 3-6 Myr.2023MNRAS.523..169Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/523/169CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/MNRAS/521/1700 : NGTS clusters survey. IV. (Moulton+, 2023)J/MNRAS/400/603 : New variables in ONC (Parihar+, 2009)J/A+A/649/A3 : Gaia Early Data Release 3 photometric passbandsJ/A+A/508/1313 : Orion pre-main sequence RIJH light curves (Frasca+, 2009)J/A+A/502/883 : I photometry of very low mass ONC starsJ/A+A/488/167 : Low-mass stars in {sigma} Ori and {lambda} Ori (Sacco+,2008)J/A+A/396/513 : Stellar Rotation in the Orion Nebula Cluster (Herbst+, 2002)J/ApJ/924/84 : {lambda} Orionis PMS stars with Gaia & SPOTS (Cao+, 2022)J/ApJ/908/49 : 361 Hertzsprung-Russell diagram in Orion (Fang+, 2021)J/ApJ/794/36 : {sigma} Orionis cluster stellar population (Hernandez+,2014)J/ApJ/764/114 : BVRI photometry of stars in Orion A (Hsu+, 2013)J/ApJ/733/50 : Mid-IR photometric monitoring of the ONCJ/ApJ/733/L9 : Stellar rotation for 71 NGC 6811 members (Meibom+, 2011)J/ApJ/662/1067 : Spitzer observations of sigma Orionis (Hernandez+, 2007)J/ApJS/257/46 : Membership and rotational data for clustersJ/ApJS/191/389 : Photometric monitoring in {sigma} Ori cluster (Cody+, 2010)J/AJ/157/85 : The CIDA Variability Survey of Orion OB1. II.J/AJ/156/84 : APOGEE-2 survey of Orion Complex. II. (Kounkel+, 2018)J/AJ/153/188 : Spectroscopy of the foreground population in Orion AJ/AJ/152/198 : Periods of 4-10 Myr old T Tauri members of Orion OB1J/AJ/150/100 : WISE YSO candidates near {sigma} and {lambda} OriJ/AJ/117/2941 : Rotation periods of Orion PMS stars (Stassun+, 1999)J/AJ/113/1733 : Orion Nebula Cluster population (Hillenbrand 1997)IV/38 : TESS Input Catalog - v8.0 (TIC-8) (Stassun+, 2019)I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/523/169https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/523/169http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/523/169https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/523/169https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/523/169http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/523/169GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/523/169/table2 (Orion cluster star members astrometric, photometric, spectroscopic and stellar properties sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/523/169/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/523/169/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/523/169/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true81.63678625036-9.206067728690.0055555555555555565/5355 5358-5359 5701 5712 5714-5715 5720 5722 6/21391 21411 21413-21415 21424 21426-21427 21430-21431 21482-21483 22789 22800-22801 22813 22815 22837-22839 22845 22854 22884-22886 228921.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/523/169?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/MNRAS/523/169/table2Orion cluster star members astrometric, photometric, spectroscopic and stellar properties samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDIdentifier raw number (id_raw_number)meta.id;meta.mainintNGTSNGTS object identification 2102 pipeline run, except NG0533 2112A pipeline run (ngts_id)meta.id.associntLbolBolometric luminosity as derived from J-band or else G-band photometry (L)phys.luminositydoubleE_LbolUpper error of Lbol (L_erru)stat.error;stat.maxdoublee_LbolLower error of Lbol (L_errl)stat.errordoublee_CMDClAge? Lower error of CMDClAge (lerr_cluster_MIST_CMD_age)Myrstat.errordoublenullableMADCMDClAge? Mean Absolute Deviation MAD error of CMDClAge (mad_cluster_MIST_CMD_age)Myrstat.errordoublenullableNCMDClAge? Number of stars contributing to estimate CMDClAge (n_cluster_age_CMD)meta.numberfloatnullableSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableAssosDisplay the associated VizieR data cataloguesmeta.ref.urlcharLCDisplay the associated light curves data catalogues from GaiaDR3 and ZTFmeta.ref.urlcharGaiaEDR3Gaia EDR3 identification number (Gaia_eDR3_id)meta.id.assoc2MASS? 2MASS identification number (2MASS_id)meta.id.assoccharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) (RAJ2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000) (DEJ2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGmagStellar magnitude in the Gaia G band (Gmag)magphot.mag;em.optdoublePer? Rotation period as median value (period)dtime.period;stat.mediandoublenullableE_Per? Upper error of Per (period_uerr)dstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_Per? Lower error of Per (period_lerr)dstat.errordoublenullableq_Per? Designated quality of rotation period from 1 to 4 (quality) (1)meta.code.qualintnullableAmp90-10? The 90th-10th percentiles of the relative stellar flux (amp_90_10)src.var.amplitudedoublenullablePerLitList of rotation periods sourced from the literature as referred in (per_lit)time.periodcharr_PerLitReferences for literature rotation periods of PerLit (ref_per_lit) (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharTeffEffective temperature median value from MCMC posterior distributions (teff_sed)Kphys.temperature.effective;stat.mediandoubleE_TeffUpper error of Teff from MCMC posterior distributions (teff_sed_uerr)Kstat.error;stat.maxdoublee_TeffLower error of Teff from MCMC posterior distributions (teff_sed_lerr)Kstat.error;phys.temperature.effectivedoubleAVExtinction median value estimate for the V band from MCMC posterior distributions (Av)magphys.absorption;stat.mediandoubleE_AVUpper error of AV from MCMC posterior distributions (Av_uerr)magstat.error;stat.maxdoublee_AVLower error of AV from MCMC posterior distributions (Av_lerr)magstat.errordoubleNcolNumber of broadband colours used in SED fitting (ncolours)meta.numberintMCMCWhether the MCMC completed successfully as True or False (MCMC success)meta.codecharFE(BP-RP)corCorrected BP-RP flux excess as described in Riello et al. 2021A&A...649A...3R, Cat. J/A+A/649/A3 (flux_excess_corr)phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_FE(BP-RP)cor[] N sigma dev. of flux excess of Stetson and Ivezic standards as in Riello et al. 2021A&A...649A...3R, Cat. J/A+A/649/A3 (flux_excess_sigma)stat.errordoubleAGExtinction estimates for the G band (Ag)magphys.absorptiondoubleABPExtinction estimates for the BP band (Abp)magphys.absorptiondoubleARPExtinction estimates for the RP band (Arp)magphys.absorptiondoubleAJExtinction estimates for the J band (Aj)magphys.absorptiondoubleAHExtinction estimates for the H band (Ah)magphys.absorptiondouble(GBP-GRP)0Gaia BP-RP colour corrected for extinction (Mbp-Mrp)magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RdoubleE_(GBP-GRP)0Upper error of (GBP-GRP)0 (Mbp_Mrp_uerr)magstat.error;stat.maxdoublee_(GBP-GRP)0Lower error of (GBP-GRP)0 (Mbp_Mrp_lerr)magstat.errordoubleTIC-8TIC-8 source of Teff (sed_teff_tic_ref)meta.codecharsbClusterAssigned sub-cluster in this work (K18_cluster_final)meta.id.parentcharParClusterAssigned parent cluster in this work (parent_cluster)meta.id.parentcharBricenoT Tauri designations from Briceno et al. (2019AJ....157...85B, Cat. J/AJ/157/85) (briceno_type)meta.id.parentcharSerna? T Tauri designations from Serna et al. (2021ApJ...923..177S, Cat. J/ApJ/923/177) (serna_type)meta.id.parentcharYSO? YSO designation (YSO_type) (4)meta.idfloatnullableHRDAge? HRD age value estimated with MCMC points and MIST model bounds (HRD_age_from_med_vals)Myrtime.age;stat.median;meta.modelleddoublenullableE_HRDAge? Upper error of HRDAge (HRD_age_dist_uerr)Myrstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_HRDAge? Lower error of HRDAge (HRD_age_dist_lerr)Myrstat.errordoublenullableMADHRDAge? Mean Absolute Deviation MAD error of HRDAge (HRD_age_dist_sig)Myrstat.errordoublenullableFHRDAge? Fraction value of HRDAge (HRD_frac_finite)stat.fit.paramdoublenullableCMDAge? CMD age value estimated with MCMC points and MIST model bounds (CMD_age_from_med_vals)Myrtime.age;stat.median;meta.modelleddoublenullableE_CMDAge? Upper error of CMDAge (CMD_age_dist_uerr)Myrstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_CMDAge? Lower error of CMDAge (CMD_age_dist_lerr)Myrstat.errordoublenullableMADCMDAge? Mean Absolute Deviation MAD error of CMDAge (CMD_age_dist_sig)Myrstat.errordoublenullableFCMDAge? Fraction value of CMDAge (CMD_frac_finite)stat.fit.paramdoublenullableHRDMass? HRD mass value estimated with MCMC points and MIST model bounds (HRD_mass_from_med_vals)phys.massdoublenullableE_HRDMass? Upper error of HRDMass (HRD_mass_dist_uerr)stat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_HRDMass? Lower error of HRDMass (HRD_mass_dist_lerr)stat.errordoublenullableMADHRDMass? Mean Absolute Deviation MAD error of HRDMass (HRD_mass_dist_sig)stat.errordoublenullableCMDMass? CMD mass value estimated with MCMC points and MIST model bounds (CMD_mass_from_med_vals)phys.massdoublenullableE_CMDMass? Upper error of CMDMass (CMD_mass_dist_uerr)stat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_CMDMass? Lower error of CMDMass (CMD_mass_dist_lerr)stat.errordoublenullableMADCMDMass? Mean Absolute Deviation MAD error of CMDMass (CMD_mass_dist_sig)stat.errordoublenullableHRDClAge? HRD median value of cluster age with MCMC points and MIST model bounds (med_cluster_MIST_HRD_age)Myrtime.age;stat.median;meta.modelleddoublenullableE_HRDClAge? Upper error of HRDClAge (uerr_cluster_MIST_HRD_age)Myrstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_HRDClAge? Lower error of HRDClAge (lerr_cluster_MIST_HRD_age)Myrstat.errordoublenullableMADHRDClAge? Mean Absolute Deviation MAD error of HRDClAge (mad_cluster_MIST_HRD_age)Myrstat.errordoublenullableNHRDClAge? Number of stars contributing to estimate HRDClAge (n_cluster_age_HRD)meta.numberfloatnullableCMDClAge? CMD median value of cluster age with MCMC points and MIST model bounds (med_cluster_MIST_CMD_age)Myrtime.age;stat.median;meta.modelleddoublenullableE_CMDClAge? Upper error of CMDClAge (uerr_cluster_MIST_CMD_age)Myrstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullableHRDsbClAge? HRD median value of sub-cluster age with MCMC points and MIST model bounds (med_subcluster_MIST_HRD_age)Myrtime.age;stat.median;meta.modelleddoublenullableE_HRDsbClAge? Upper error of HRDsbClAge (uerr_subcluster_MIST_HRD_age)Myrstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_HRDsbClAge? Lower error of HRDsbClAge (lerr_subcluster_MIST_HRD_age)Myrstat.errordoublenullableMADHRDsbClAge? Mean Absolute Deviation MAD error of HRDsbClAge (mad_subcluster_MIST_HRD_age)Myrstat.errordoublenullableNHRDsbClAge? Number of stars contributing to estimate of HRDsbClAge (n_subcluster_age_HRD)meta.numberfloatnullableCMDsbClAge? CMD median value of sub-cluster age from MCMC points with MIST model bounds (med_subcluster_MIST_CMD_age)Myrtime.age;stat.median;meta.modelleddoublenullableE_CMDsbClAge? Upper error of CMDsbClAge (uerr_subcluster_MIST_CMD_age)Myrstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_CMDsbClAge? Lower error of CMDsbClAge (lerr_subcluster_MIST_CMD_age)Myrstat.errordoublenullableMADCMDsbClAge? Mean Absolute Deviation MAD error of CMDsbClAge (mad_subcluster_MIST_CMD_age)Myrstat.errordoublenullableNCMDsbClAge? Number of stars contributing to estimate of CMDsbClAge (n_subcluster_age_CMD)meta.numberfloatnullableHRDFeidAge? HRD equivalent age median value estimated with Feiden magnetic models (Feiden_HRD_age_from_med_vals)Myrtime.age;stat.median;meta.modelleddoublenullableE_HRDFeidAge? Upper error of HRDFeidAge (Feiden_HRD_age_dist_uerr)Myrstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_HRDFeidAge? Lower error of HRDFeidAge (Feiden_HRD_age_dist_lerr)Myrstat.errordoublenullableMADHRDFeidAge? Mean Absolute Deviation MAD error of HRDFeidAge (Feiden_HRD_age_dist_sig)Myrstat.errordoublenullableFHRDFeidAge? Fraction value of HRDFeidAge (Feiden_HRD_frac_finite)stat.fit.paramdoublenullableHRDClFeidAge? HRD equivalent cluster age median value estimated with Feiden magnetic models (med_cluster_Feiden_HRD_age)Myrtime.age;stat.median;meta.modelleddoublenullableE_HRDClFeidAge? Upper error of HRDClFeidAge (uerr_cluster_Feiden_HRD_age)Myrstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_HRDClFeidAge? Lower error of HRDClFeidAge (lerr_cluster_Feiden_HRD_age)Myrstat.errordoublenullableMADHRDClFeidAge? Mean Absolute Deviation MAD error of HRDClFeidAge (mad_cluster_Feiden_HRD_age)Myrstat.errordoublenullableNHRDClFeidAge? Number of stars contributing to estimate of HRDClFeidAge (n_cluster_Feiden_HRD_age)meta.numberfloatnullableHRDsbClFeidAge? HRD equivalent sub-cluster age median value estimated with Feiden magnetic models (med_subcluster_Feiden_HRD_age)Myrtime.age;stat.median;meta.modelleddoublenullableE_HRDsbClFeidAge? Upper error of HRDsbClFeidAge (uerr_subcluster_Feiden_HRD_age)Myrstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_HRDsbClFeidAge? Lower error of HRDsbClFeidAge (lerr_subcluster_Feiden_HRD_age)Myrstat.errordoublenullableMADHRDsbClFeidAge? Mean Absolute Deviation MAD error of HRDsbClFeidAge (mad_subcluster_Feiden_HRD_age)Myrstat.errordoublenullableFieldNGTS observation field (field)obs.param;obscharKounkel18Display the APOGEE-2 survey of Orion Complex. II of Kounkel et al. 2018AJ....156...84K, Cat. J/AJ/156/84meta.ref.urlcharSEDTefftypeSource of Teff constraint in MCMC (sed_teff_type) (3)meta.codecharK18Assigned sub-cluster in Kounkel et al., (2018AJ....156...84K, Cat. J/AJ/156/84 (K18_cluster)meta.id.parentcharNHRDsbClFeidAgeNumber of stars contributing to estimate of HRDsbClFeidAge (n_subcluster_Feiden_HRD_age)meta.numberchar