J/MNRAS/521/3127ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/521/3127CDSCortes-Contreras M.Solano E.Alonso-Hernandez J.Cardiel N.Cruz P.,Rodrigo C.2026-08-11T17:09:08Z2026-07-27T09:47:54ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frvisible-astronomysloan-photometryoptical-observationcatalogssurveysvariable-starsdwarf-starsastrometryobservational-astronomyWe present the first release of the Calar Alto CAFOS direct imaging data, a project led by the Spanish Virtual Observatory with the goal of enhancing the use of the Calar Alto archive by the astrophysics community. Data Release 1 contains 23903 reduced and astrometrically calibrated images taken from 2008 March to 2019 July with a median of the mean uncertainties in the astrometric calibration of 0.04 arcsec. The catalogue associated to 6132 images in the Sloan griz filters provides accurate astrometry and PSF calibrated photometry for 139 337 point-like detections corresponding to 21 985 different sources extracted from a selection of 2338 good-quality images. The mean internal astrometric and photometric accuracies are 0.05 arcsec and 0.04 mag, respectively. In this work we describe the approach followed to process and calibrate the images, and the construction of the associated catalogue, together with the validation quality tests carried out. Finally, we present three cases to prove the science capabilities of the catalogue: discovery and identification of asteroids, identification of potential transients, and identification of cool and ultracool dwarfs.2023MNRAS.521.3127Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/521/3127CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/MNRAS/491/129 : The GTC OSIRIS broad-band DR1 (Cortes-Contreras+, 2020)J/MNRAS/476/5253 : Light curves for 5 LMEBs in WFCAM Transit SurveyJ/A+A/642/A115 : CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs. V. (Cifuentes+, 2020)J/A+A/619/L8 : Ultra-cool dwarfs candidates in Gaia DR2 (Reyle, 2018)J/A+A/597/A47 : CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs IIJ/A+A/492/277 : Analysis of Collinder 69 stars with VOSA (Bayo+, 2008)J/ApJ/867/105 : ATLAS all-sky stellar ref. catalog, ATLAS-REFCAT2J/ApJS/197/19 : First brown dwarfs discovered by WISE (Kirkpatrick+, 2011)J/AJ/141/97 : SDSS DR7 M dwarfs (West+, 2011)B/vsx : AAVSO International Variable Star Index VSX (Watson+, 2006)B/wds : The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog (Mason+ 2001)VII/233 : 2MASS All-Sky Extended Source Catalog (XSC)V/147 : The SDSS Photometric Catalogue, Release 12 (Alam+, 2015)II/349 : The Pan-STARRS release 1 (PS1) Survey - DR1 (Chambers+,2016)II/336 : AAVSO Photometric All Sky Survey (APASS) DR9 (Henden+, 2016)II/335 : Revised catalog of GALEX UV sources (GUVcat_AIS GR6+7)II/314 : UKIDSS-DR8 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)II/297 : AKARI/IRC mid-IR all-sky Survey (ISAS/JAXA, 2010)II/240 : The DENIS database first release (Epchtein+, 1999)I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/521/3127https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/521/3127http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/521/3127https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/521/3127https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/521/3127http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/521/3127GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/521/3127/table (The first data release of our point-like photometric catalogue from the CAFOS images with SDSS filters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/3127/table?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/3127/table?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/3127/table?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true7.235333418.0550690.0055555555555555565/4715 6/546 605 671 693 695 714-715 736 1432 1434 1790 2050-2051 2267 2289 2292 3506-3507 4506-4508 4529 4651 5391 5413-5415 5420 5424 6083 6174 6181 6567 6583 6587-6590 6626 6654 6658-6659 7695 8499 8505 9026 9591 9595 9598 9862 10547 10550 10552-10554 10642-10643 10654 10953 11148 12424 13830-13831 14645 15060-15061 16083 18288 18290 18779 18782 19093 19095 19367 19373 19847 19858 19970-19971 20125 20127 20188 20382-20383 20404-20405 20448 20450 21256 21756 22120-22121 22869 22927 23789 25671 25676-25677 26224-26225 26296 26298 27324 27731 28554 30043 30121 30123 30357 30400 30947 30969-30971 31301 31312 31595 31700-31701 31880-31881 32749 36217 36794 40862https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/521/3127?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/MNRAS/521/3127/tableThe first data release of our point-like photometric catalogue from the CAFOS images with SDSS filtersrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSourceNumerical ID of sources detected more than once within 0.5 arcsec (SourceNID)meta.idintRAJ2000Celestial Right Ascension (J2000) (RAJ2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDEJ2000Celestial Declination (J2000) (DEJ2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexede_RAJ2000Right ascension error (e_RAJ2000)arcsecstat.error;pos.eq.radoublee_DEJ2000Declination error (e_DEJ2000)arcsecstat.error;pos.eq.decdoubleDetIDDetection identifier (Detection_ID)meta.id;meta.maincharImgIDImage identifier (Image_identifier)meta.id;obs.imagechargmag? PSF calibrated magnitude in the g band (gmag)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bdoublenullablee_gmag? PSF calibrated magnitude error in the g band (e_gmag)magstat.error;phot.magdoublenullablermag? PSF calibrated magnitude in the r band (rmag)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rdoublenullablee_rmag? PSF calibrated magnitude error in the r band (e_rmag)magstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableimag? PSF calibrated magnitude in the i band (imag)magphot.mag;em.opt.Idoublenullablee_imag? PSF calibrated magnitude error in the i band (e_imag)magstat.error;phot.magdoublenullablezmag? PSF calibrated magnitude in the z band (zmag)magphot.mag;em.opt.Idoublenullablee_zmag? PSF calibrated magnitude error in the z band (e_zmag)magstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableFlagphCalibration flag (Flag_phot) (1)meta.code.errorcharFilterFilter of observation as SDSSi,r,g,z (Filter)obs.param;obscharRefCalReference catalogue used for the photometric calibration as APASS dr9 or SDSS dr12 (Refcat)meta.bibcharElonElongation of the detection (Elongation)degpos.ecliptic.lonEllEllipticity of the detection (Ellipticity)src.ellipticityfloatFWHMFull width half maximum of the detection (FWHM)arcsecspect.line.widthfloatSNRSignal to noise ratio (SNR_WIN)stat.snrdoubleSpreadSpread parameter from model-fitting (SPREAD_MODEL) (2)meta.codedoubleMJDModified Julian Date (MJD)dtime.epochdoubleindexedObs.DateThe iso-8601 observing epochstime.epochnullableSrcSizeNumber of detections for each source in GroupID (SourceSize) (3)meta.numberintNotesNotes on sources stellar parameters as Teff (Notes)meta.notecharGaiaDisplay the Gaia DR2 and EDR3 used in this studymeta.ref.urlcharImgURLURL to access the reduced image (Image_url)meta.ref.urlchar