J/MNRAS/517/5368ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/517/5368doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/bg-g5-57rCDSBraga V.F.Fiorentino G.Bono G.Stetson P.B.Martinez-Vazquez C.E.,Kwak S.Tantalo M.Dall'Ora M.Di Criscienzo M.Fabrizio M.,Marengo M.Marinoni S.Marrese P.M.Monelli M.2026-08-03T07:32:08Z2025-11-19T14:07:26ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frlocal-groupgalaxiesdwarf-galaxiespopulation-ii-starsvariable-starsvisible-astronomyinfrared-photometrybroad-band-photometryastrometryWe investigate the properties of the mixed-mode (RRd) RR Lyrae (RRL) variables in the Fornax dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxy by using B- and V-band time series collected over 24 yr. We compare the properties of the RRds in Fornax with those in the Magellanic Clouds and in nearby dSphs, with special focus on Sculptor. We found that the ratio of RRds over the total number of RRLs decreases with metallicity. Typically, dSphs have very few RRds with 0.49 <~ P0 <~ 0.53 d, but Fornax fills this period gap in the Petersen diagram (ratio between first overtone over fundamental period versus fundamental period). We also found that the distribution in the Petersen diagram of Fornax RRds is similar to Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) RRds, thus suggesting that their old stars have a similar metallicity distribution. We introduce the Period-Amplitude RatioS diagram, a new pulsation diagnostics independent of distance and reddening. We found that Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) RRds in this plane are distributed along a short- and a long-period sequence that we identified as the metal-rich and the metal- poor component. These two groups are also clearly separated in the Petersen and Bailey (luminosity amplitude versus logarithmic period) diagrams. This circumstantial evidence indicates that the two groups have different evolutionary properties. All the pulsation diagnostics adopted in this investigation suggest that old stellar populations in Fornax and Sculptor dSphs underwent different chemical enrichment histories. Fornax RRds are similar to SMC RRds, while Sculptor RRds are more similar to the metal-rich component of the LMC RRds.2022MNRAS.517.5368Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/517/5368CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/MNRAS/502/818 : Periods and classifications of RR Lyrae in M15J/MNRAS/499/4040 : RR Lyrae population in the Draco dwarf galaxyJ/MNRAS/494/1237 : Blazhko effect in Galactic RR Lyrae II (Skarka+, 2020)J/MNRAS/480/1229 : Blazhko effect in the first overtone RR Lyrae (Netzel+,2018)J/MNRAS/466/2602 : Blazhko effect in Galactic RR Lyrae (Prudil+, 2017)J/MNRAS/462/4349 : Variable stars in Sculptor dSph (Martinez-Vazquez+, 2016)J/MNRAS/452/4283 : 33 RR Lyrae observed in Pisces with K2-E2 (Molnar+, 2015)J/A+A/674/A18 : Gaia DR3. The RR Lyrae sample (Clementini+, 2023)J/A+A/625/A151 : Galactic Bulge Type II Cepheids NIR data (Braga+, 2019)J/A+A/623/A116 : Galactic Cepheids and RR Lyrae multiplicity. I.J/A+A/622/A60 : Gaia DR2 misclassified RR Lyrae list (Clementini+, 2019)J/A+A/592/A120 : Variable stars in NGC 6715 (Figuera Jaimes+, 2016)J/A+A/580/A18 : Carina Project VIII. {alpha}-element abundancesJ/A+A/578/A128 : VI light curves of NGC4590 variables (Kains+, 2015)J/A+A/572/A88 : Measured equivalent widths for Fornax RGB starsJ/A+A/544/A73 : BVI photometry of Fornax dSph galaxy (de Boer+, 2012)J/A+A/421/937 : Metal abundances of LMC RR Lyrae (Gratton+, 2004)J/A+A/375/909 : RR Lyrae stars in the Sgr dwarf (Cseresnjes 2001)J/A+AS/121/327 : RR Lyr pulsational model (Bono+ 1997)J/A+AS/112/407 : Variable Stars in the Sculptor dwarf galaxy (Kaluzny+, 1995)J/ApJ/922/20 : CFHT optical & NIR obs. of RR Lyrae in M15 (Bhardwaj+, 2021)J/ApJ/911/109 : RR Lyrae variable stars in DES Y6 (Stringer+, 2021)J/ApJ/908/20 : On use of field RR Lyrae as galactic probes. II.J/ApJ/814/71 : Carina project IX: UBVI data of Carina variablesJ/ApJ/801/125 : Carbon in red giants in GCs and dSph galaxies (Kirby+, 2015)J/ApJ/701/1323 : Variable stars in Fornax dSph. III. (Greco+, 2009)J/ApJS/252/23 : E(V-I) reddening map of MCs from OGLE-IV RC starsJ/ApJS/247/68 : Probing the Gal. halo with RR Lyrae stars. I. (Liu+, 2020)J/AJ/152/170 : RRLs in globulars. IV. UBVRI photometry in Omega CenJ/AJ/144/4 : Properties of dwarf galaxies in the Local GroupJ/AJ/136/1921 : Variable stars of Draco dSph (Kinemuchi+, 2008)J/AJ/135/1459 : Period of M15 variable stars (Corwin+, 2008)J/AJ/123/840 : VI photometry of variable stars in Fornax (Bersier+, 2002)J/AcA/69/321 : OGLE RR Lyrae stars in Galactic bulge and diskJ/AcA/64/177 : VI light curves of Galactic Bulge RR Lyrae (Soszynski+,2014)J/AcA/61/285 : VI light curves of Galactic Bulge Cepheids (Soszynski+,2011)I/356 : Gaia DR3 Part 2. Extra-galactic (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)V/150 : Updated catalog of variable stars in globular clustershttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/517/5368https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/517/5368http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/517/5368https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/517/5368https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/517/5368http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/517/5368GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/517/5368/table1 (Positions and mean magnitudes of the Fornax RRds)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/517/5368/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/517/5368/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/517/5368/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true39.564875-34.840638890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/517/5368/table2 (Pulsation properties of Fornax and Sculptor RRds)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/517/5368/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/517/5368/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/517/5368/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true39.564875-34.84063890.0055555555555555566/35549 35551 35720 35722 35968-35969https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/517/5368?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/MNRAS/517/5368/table1Positions and mean magnitudes of the Fornax RRdsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameName of the fornax rrd (name)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) (ra)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000) (dec)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainVmagMean V apparent magnitude in BVRI photometry system (vmag)magphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloate_VmagMean error of Vmag (errvmag)magstat.error;phot.magfloatBmagMean B apparent magnitude in BVRI photometry system (bmag)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_BmagMean error of Bmag (errbmag)magstat.error;phot.magfloatSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableRmag? Mean R apparent magnitude in BVRI photometry system (rmag)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_Rmag? Mean error of Rmag (errrmag)magstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableImag? Mean I apparent magnitude in BVRI photometry system (imag)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_Imag? Mean error of Imag (errimag)magstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableFBW2002Display VI phot. of variable stars in Fornax dSph of Bersier and Wood 2002AJ....123..840B, Cat. J/AJ/123/840meta.ref.urlcharDESDisplay the Dark Energy Survey DR 1 and 2meta.ref.urlcharGaiaDR3Display GaiaDR3 datameta.ref.urlcharJ/MNRAS/517/5368/table2Pulsation properties of Fornax and Sculptor RRdsSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintf_NameIndicates whether the RRd belonging either to Fornax F for 212 cases or to Sculptor S for 38 cases (galaxy)meta.codecharNameName of the RRd (name)meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryT1Link to table1meta.ref.urlcharPdomDominant period (per_fo)dtime.perioddoublePsec? Secondary period (per_fu)dtime.perioddoublenullablef_PdomIndicates the dominant period mode 0 for FU fundamental 2 cases and 1 for FO first overtone 248 cases (dominant_mode)meta.codeintAmpVAmplitude in V-band (ampv)magsrc.var.amplitude;phot.mag;em.opt.Vfloate_AmpVMean error of AmpV (err_ampv)magstat.errorfloatAmpBAmplitude in B-band (ampb)magsrc.var.amplitude;phot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_AmpBMean error of AmpB (err_ampb)magstat.errorfloatAmpR? Amplitude in R-band (ampr)magsrc.var.amplitude;phot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_AmpR? Mean error of AmpR (err_ampr)magstat.errorfloatnullableAmpI? Amplitude in I-band (ampi)magsrc.var.amplitude;phot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_AmpI? Mean error of AmpI (err_ampi)magstat.errorfloatnullableAmpVsec? Amplitude in V-band of the secondary period mode (ampv_sec)magsrc.var.amplitude;phot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_AmpVsec? Mean error of AmpVsec (err_ampv_sec)magstat.errorfloatnullableAmpBsec? Amplitude in B-band of the secondary period mode (ampb_sec)magsrc.var.amplitude;phot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_AmpBsec? Mean error of AmpBsec (err_ampb_sec)magstat.errorfloatnullableM2016Display the Variable stars in Sculptor dSph catalog with LC of Martinez-Vazquez et al. 2016MNRAS.462.4349M, Cat. J/MNRAS/462/4349meta.ref.urlchar