J/MNRAS/511/4551ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/511/4551doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.75114551CDSLacedelli G.Wilson T.G.Malavolta L.Hooton M.J.Collier Cameron A.,Alibert Y.Mortier A.Bonfanti A.Haywood R.D.Hoyer S.Piotto G.,Bekkelien A.Vanderburg A.M.Benz W.Dumusque X.Deline A.,Lopez-Morales M.Borsato L.Rice K.Fossati L.Latham D. W.,Brandeker A.Poretti E.Sousa S. G.Sozzetti A.Salmon S.Burke C.J.,Van Grootel V.Fausnaugh M.M.Adibekyan V.Huang C.X.Osborn H.P.,Mustill A. J.Palle E.Bourrier V.Nascimbeni V.Alonso R.Anglada G.,Barczy T.Barrado y Navascues D.Barros S.C.C.Baumjohann W.Beck M.,Beck T.Billot N.Bonfils X.Broeg C.Buchhave L.A.Cabrera J.,Charnoz S.Cosentino R.Csizmadia Sz.Davies M. B.Deleuil M.,Delrez L.Demangeon O.Demory B-O.Ehrenreich D.Erikson A.,Esparza-Borges E.Floren H.G.Fortier A.Fridlund M.Futyan D.,Gandolfi D.Ghedina A.Gillon M.Guedel M.Guterman P.Harutyunyan A.,Heng K.Isaak K.G.Jenkins J.M.Kiss L.Laskar J.,Lecavelier des Etangs A.Lendl M.Lovis C.Magrin D.Marafatto L.,Martinez Fiorenzano A.F.Maxted P.F.L.Mayor M.Micela G.Molinari E.,Murgas F.Narita N.Olofsson G.Ottensamer R.Pagano I.Pasetti A.,Pedani M.Pepe F.A.Peter G.Phillips D.F.Pollacco D.Queloz D.,Ragazzoni R.Rando N.Ratti F.Rauer H.Ribas I.Santos N.C.,Sasselov D.Scandariato G.Seager S.Segransan D.Serrano L.M.,Simon A.E.Smith A.M.S.Steinberger M.Steller M.Szabo Gy.,Thomas N.Twicken J.D.Udry S.Walton N.Winn J.N.2024-08-22T20:15:16Z2022-03-31T12:53:02ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsexoplanetsWe present a precise characterization of the TOI-561 planetary system obtained by combining previously published data with TESS and CHEOPS photometry, and a new set of 62 HARPS-N radial velocities (RVs). Our joint analysis confirms the presence of four transiting planets, namely TOI-561 b (P=0.45d, R=1.42R_{Earth}_, M=2.0M_{Earth}_), TOI-561 c (P=10.78d, R=2.91R_{Earth}_, M=5.4M_{Earth}_), TOI-561 d (P=25.7d, R=2.82R_{Earth}_, M=13.2M_{Earth}_), and TOI-561 e (P=77d, R=2.55R_{Earth}_, M=12.6R_{Earth}_). Moreover, we identify an additional, long-period signal (>450d) in the RVs, which could be due to either an external planetary companion or to stellar magnetic activity. The precise masses and radii obtained for the four planets allowed us to conduct interior structure and atmospheric escape modelling. TOI-561 b is confirmed to be the lowest density ({rho}_b_=3.8+/-0.5g/cm^3^) ultra-short period (USP) planet known to date, and the low metallicity of the host star makes it consistent with the general bulk density-stellar metallicity trend. According to our interior structure modelling, planet b has basically no gas envelope, and it could host a certain amount of water. In contrast, TOI-561 c, d, and e likely retained an H/He envelope, in addition to a possibly large water layer. The inferred planetary compositions suggest different atmospheric evolutionary paths, with planets b and c having experienced significant gas loss, and planets d and e showing an atmospheric content consistent with the original one. The uniqueness of the USP planet, the presence of the long-period planet TOI-561 e, and the complex architecture make this system an appealing target for follow-up studies.2022MNRAS.511.4551Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/511/4551CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/511/4551https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/511/4551http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/511/4551https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/511/4551https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/511/4551http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/511/4551GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapdefaultJ/MNRAS/511/4551/v1-detCHEOPS visit 1 detrended fluxesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJDBarycentric Julian Date (TDB)dtime.epochdoubleFluxDetrended normalised fluxphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_FluxError on the detrended normalised fluxstat.error;phot.fluxdoubleJ/MNRAS/511/4551/v1-rawCHEOPS visit 1 raw dataBckgBackground in the apertureinstr.backgrounddoubleSmearingSmearing in the apertureinstr.paramdoubledeltaTOffset of the telescope temperaturedegtime.intervaldoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJDBarycentric Julian Date (TDB)dtime.epochdoubleFluxRaw normalised fluxphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_FluxError on the raw normalised fluxstat.error;phot.fluxdoubleXshiftTarget position offset in x-directionpixobs.paramdoubleYshiftTarget position offset in y-directionpixobs.paramdoubleRollAngleRoll angledeginstr.offsetdoubleContFlux contaminants/Flux targetinstr.backgrounddoubleJ/MNRAS/511/4551/v2-detCHEOPS visit 2 detrended fluxesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJDBarycentric Julian Date (TDB)dtime.epochdoubleFluxDetrended normalised fluxphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_FluxError on the detrended normalised fluxstat.error;phot.fluxdoubleJ/MNRAS/511/4551/v2-rawCHEOPS visit 2 raw datarecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJDBarycentric Julian Date (TDB)dtime.epochdoubleFluxRaw normalised fluxphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_FluxError on the raw normalised fluxstat.error;phot.fluxdoubleXshiftTarget position offset in x-directionpixobs.paramdoubleYshiftTarget position offset in y-directionpixobs.paramdoubleRollAngleRoll angledeginstr.offsetdoubleContFlux contaminants/Flux targetinstr.backgrounddoubleBckgBackground in the apertureinstr.backgrounddoubleSmearingSmearing in the apertureinstr.paramdoubledeltaTOffset of the telescope temperaturedegtime.intervaldoubleJ/MNRAS/511/4551/v3-detCHEOPS visit 3 detrended fluxesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJDBarycentric Julian Date (TDB)dtime.epochdoubleFluxDetrended normalised fluxphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_FluxError on the detrended normalised fluxstat.error;phot.fluxdoubleJ/MNRAS/511/4551/v3-rawCHEOPS visit 3 raw datarecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJDBarycentric Julian Date (TDB)dtime.epochdoubleFluxRaw normalised fluxphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_FluxError on the raw normalised fluxstat.error;phot.fluxdoubleXshiftTarget position offset in x-directionpixobs.paramdoubleYshiftTarget position offset in y-directionpixobs.paramdoubleRollAngleRoll angledeginstr.offsetdoubleContFlux contaminants/Flux targetinstr.backgrounddoubleBckgBackground in the apertureinstr.backgrounddoubleSmearingSmearing in the apertureinstr.paramdoubledeltaTOffset of the telescope temperaturedegtime.intervaldoubleJ/MNRAS/511/4551/table5HARPS-N RV and activity indices measurementsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJDBarycentric Julian Date (TDB)dtime.epochdoubleRVRadial velocitym/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublee_RVRadial velocity errorm/sstat.errorfloatFWHMFWHMkm/sspect.line.widthfloate_FWHMFWHM errorkm/sstat.error;phys.angSizefloatSpanBissector span velocity of the cross-correlation function (CCF)m/sphys.velocfloate_SpanBissector span errorm/sstat.errorfloatContrastContrast span of the CCFstat.fit.paramfloate_ContrastContrast errorstat.errorfloatSindexS indexspect.indexfloate_SindexS index errorstat.errorfloatHaH{alpha} indexspect.indexfloate_HaH{alpha} index errorstat.errorfloat