J/MNRAS/510/4857ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/510/4857doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.75104857CDSAhrer E.Wheatley P. J.Kirk J.Gandhi S.King G. W.Louden T.2024-08-22T20:15:01Z2022-02-23T06:50:12ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsexoplanetsvisible-astronomyspectroscopyWe present an optical transmission spectrum for WASP-94A b, the first atmospheric characterization of this highly-inflated hot Jupiter. The planet has a reported radius of 1.72^+0.06^_-0.05_R_Jup_, a mass of only 0.456^+0.032^_-0.036_M_Jup_, and an equilibrium temperature of 1508+/-75K. We observed the planet transit spectroscopically with the EFOSC2 instrument on the ESO New Technology Telescope (NTT) at La Silla, Chile: the first use of NTT/EFOSC2 for transmission spectroscopy. We achieved an average transit-depth precision of 128ppm for bin widths of ~200{AA}. This high precision was achieved in part by linking Gaussian Process hyperparameters across all wavelength bins. The resulting transmission spectrum, spanning a wavelength range of 3800-7140{AA}, exhibits a sodium absorption with a significance of 4.9{sigma}, suggesting a relatively cloud-free atmosphere. The sodium signal may be broadened, with a best-fitting width of 78^+67^_-32_{AA} in contrast to the instrumental resolution of 27.2+/-0.2{AA}. We also detect a steep slope in the blue end of the transmission spectrum, indicating the presence of Rayleigh scattering in the atmosphere of WASP-94A b. Retrieval models show evidence for the observed slope to be super-Rayleigh and potential causes are discussed. Finally, we find narrow absorption cores in the CaII H&K lines of WASP-94A, suggesting the star is enshrouded in gas escaping the hot Jupiter.2022MNRAS.510.4857Ahttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/510/4857CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/510/4857https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/510/4857http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/510/4857https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/510/4857https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/510/4857http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/510/4857GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapOpticaldefaultJ/MNRAS/510/4857/lcLight curvesFlux7Normalised flux in 220{AA}-wide bin centred on 5090{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux7Error in flux in 220{AA}-wide bin centred on 5090{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux8Normalised flux in 200{AA}-wide bin centred on 5300{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux8Error in flux in 200{AA}-wide bin centred on 5300{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux9Normalised flux in 210{AA}-wide bin centred on 5505{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux9Error in flux in 210{AA}-wide bin centred on 5505{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux10Normalised flux in 208{AA}-wide bin centred on 5714{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux10Error in flux in 208{AA}-wide bin centred on 5714{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux11Normalised flux in 50{AA}-wide bin centred on 5843{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux11Error in flux in 50{AA}-wide bin centred on 5843{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux12Normalised flux in 50{AA}-wide bin centred on 5893{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux12Error in flux in 50{AA}-wide bin centred on 5893{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux13Normalised flux in 50{AA}-wide bin centred on 5943{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux13Error in flux in 50{AA}-wide bin centred on 5943{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux14Normalised flux in 162{AA}-wide bin centred on 6049{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux14Error in flux in 162{AA}-wide bin centred on 6049{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux15Normalised flux in 210{AA}-wide bin centred on 6235{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux15Error in flux in 210{AA}-wide bin centred on 6235{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux16Normalised flux in 180{AA}-wide bin centred on 6430{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux16Error in flux in 180{AA}-wide bin centred on 6430{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux17Normalised flux in 220{AA}-wide bin centred on 6630{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux17Error in flux in 220{AA}-wide bin centred on 6630{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux18Normalised flux in 200{AA}-wide bin centred on 6840{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux18Error in flux in 200{AA}-wide bin centred on 6840{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux19Normalised flux in 200{AA}-wide bin centred on 7040{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux19Error in flux in 200{AA}-wide bin centred on 7040{AA}stat.errordoubleFluxWLNormalised white-light flux excluding bin 1 (4020-7140 {AA})phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_FluxWLError in white-light flux excluding bin 1 (4020-7140 {AA})stat.errordoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTimeTime in MJDdtime.epochdoubleFlux1Normalised flux in 220{AA}-wide bin centred on 3910{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux1Error in flux in 220{AA}-wide bin centred on 3910{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux2Normalised flux in 200{AA}-wide bin centred on 4120{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux2Error in flux in 200{AA}-wide bin centred on 4120{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux3Normalised flux in 200{AA}-wide bin centred on 4320{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux3Error in flux in 200{AA}-wide bin centred on 4320{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux4Normalised flux in 210{AA}-wide bin centred on 4525{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux4Error in flux in 210{AA}-wide bin centred on 4525{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux5Normalised flux in 180{AA}-wide bin centred on 4720{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux5Error in flux in 180{AA}-wide bin centred on 4720{AA}stat.errordoubleFlux6Normalised flux in 170{AA}-wide bin centred on 4895{AA}phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux6Error in flux in 170{AA}-wide bin centred on 4895{AA}stat.errordouble