J/MNRAS/499/1890ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/499/1890doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74991890CDSMcCleery J.Tremblay P.-E.Gentile Fusillo N.P.Hollands M.A.,Gansicke B.T.Izquierdo P.Toonen S.Cunningham T.Rebassa-Mansergas A.2024-08-21T20:16:20Z2021-02-09T13:45:54ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsurveyswhite-dwarf-starsvisible-astronomytrigonometric-parallaxphotometryWe present an overview of the sample of northern hemisphere white dwarfs within 40pc of the Sun detected from Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2). We find that 521 sources are spectroscopically confirmed degenerate stars, 111 of which were first identified as white dwarf candidates from Gaia DR2 and followed-up recently with the William Herschel Telescope and Gran Telescopio Canarias. Three additional white dwarf candidates remain spectroscopically unobserved and six unresolved binaries are known to include a white dwarf but were not in our initial selection in the Gaia DR2 Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD). Atmospheric parameters are calculated from Gaia and Pan-STARRS photometry for all objects in the sample, confirming most of the trends previously observed in the much smaller 20pc sample. Local white dwarfs are overwhelmingly consistent with Galactic disc kinematics, with only four halo candidates. We find that DAZ white dwarfs are significantly less massive than the overall DA population (MDAZ_avg_=0.59M_{sun}_, MDA_avg_=0.66M_{sun}_). It may suggest that planet formation is less efficient at higher mass stars, producing more massive white dwarfs. We detect a sequence of crystallised white dwarfs in the mass range from 0.6<=M/M_{sun}_<=1.0 and find that the vast majority of objects on the sequence have standard kinematic properties that correspond to the average of the sample, suggesting that their nature can be explained by crystallisation alone. We also detect 26 double degenerates and white dwarf components in 56 wide binary systems.2020MNRAS.499.1890Mhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/499/1890CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)J/ApJS/219/19 : Nearby white dwarfs from SUPERBLINK (Limoges+, 2015)J/MNRAS/482/4570 : Gaia DR2 white dwarf candidates (Gentile Fusillo+, 2019)J/MNRAS/497/130 : Gaia white dwarfs within 40pc. I (Tremblay+ 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/499/1890https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/499/1890http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/499/1890https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/499/1890https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/499/1890http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/499/1890GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea1 (Northern 40pc Gaia white dwarf sample (updated version 14-Jun-2021))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true76.501844823559.0559301740.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea2 (MS contaminents and unobserved low probability candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true93.460574481.0739919740.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea3 (Likely 40pc members that are missing from Table A1 (updated version 27-May-2021))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true114.82455.22411110.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea4 (Objects which may be 40pc members based on Gaia parallax errors (updated version 27-May-2021))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true88.129291716.71397220.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea5 (Wide binaries including a white dwarf within 40pc)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true3.357666666666754.63526111111110.0055555555555555566/49 60 139 145 180 279 319 333 346 378 385 446 448 469 474 558 579 609 622 632 657 696 743 747 897 904 932 945 987 992 1016 1077 1131 1349 1355 1357 1381 1388 1400 1407 1414 1434 1478 1628 1655 1666 1675 1703 1731 1735 1782 1824 1859 1869 2017 2068 2113 2157 2183 2263 2273 2349 2364 2366 2497 2527 2536 2644 2715 2722 2733 2736 2763 2767 2808 2820 2832 2878 2890 2909 2926 2937 2940 2942 2970 2973 2981 2988 3008-3009 3027 3066 3122 3125 3213 3222 3236 3250 3252 3258 3263 3313 3344-3345 3402-3403 3422 3499 3661 3682-3683 3709 3762 3819 3916 3987 4067 4199 4341 4346 4375 4379 4504 4524 4545 4566 4570 4668 4800 4803 4832 4864 4892 4904 4947 4977 5050-5051 5057 5065 5082 5091 5097 5190 5261 5370 5428 5519-5520 5523 5723 5741 5816 5827 5871 5922 5995 6104 6107 6118 6132 6216 6228 6230 6274 6289 6328 6436 6458 6485 6554 6558 6576 6579 6619 6631 6705 6721 6732 6801 6821 6923 6934-6935 6969 6991 6993 7070 7147 7160 7252 7267 7383 7390 7404 7478 7483 7498 7519 7579 7652 7684 7686 7707 7740 7817 7820 7915 7926 7939 7984 8102 8145 8361 8480 8533 8546 8654 8754 8894 9006 9050 9071 9109 9112 9281 9332 9407 9424 9458 9532 9583 9587 9596 9606 9651 9679 9739 9751 9779 9846 9954 9971 9981 9985 10005 10131 10169 10173 10313 10333 10370 10378 10432 10459 10479 10532 10611 10647 10662 10672 10699 10711 10780 10792 10879 10902 10926 10951 10981 10999 11015 11020 11031 11056 11131 11159 11193 11359 11384 11511 11529 11593 11642 11645 11662 11689 11703 11745 11784 11877 11932 11960 11982 11984 11998 12103 12126 12157 12202 12237 12268 12343 12362 12565 12603 12714 12738 12747 12749 12771 12791 12836 12842 12908 12930 12938 12949 12960-12961 12982 12986 13006 13013 13082 13085 13103 13202-13203 13206 13249 13273 13295 13324 13327 13391 13450 13503 13550 13559 13652 13668 13708 13712 13727 13758 13790 13856 13868 13892 13945 14050 14135 14187 14208 14255 14344 14388 14391 14488 14586 14594 14667 14670 14735 14768 14783 14855 14865 14981 15053 15087 15113 15117 15209 15222 15252 15271 15280 15335 15411 15418 15462 15474 15527 15552 15569 15620 15627 15651 15670 15692 15901 15978 16032 16078 16158 16249 16291 16310 16344 16355-16356 17778 17879 17881 17912 18079 18086 18125 18133 18139 18146 18155 18250 18293 18348 18368 18383 18398 18415 18902 19067 19118 19135 19141 19160 19198 19240 19265 19401 19411 19419 19434 19440 19488 19521 19637 19655 19827 19830 19920 19948 19975 19982 19987 19999 20029 20053 20081 20155 20196 20288 20291 20360 20371 20386 20404 20434 22189 22214 22224 22237 22262 22300 22345 22352 22377 22392 22431 22458 22501 22520 23036 23196 23235 23320 23333 23395 23457 23468 23497 23591 23608 23619 23637 23658 23710 23779-23780 23793 23802 23863 23872 23921 24026 24032 24037 24060 24102 24168 24221 24317 24366 24397 24555 24563 26026 26028 26031 26059 26221 26231 26267 26299 26321 26351 26384 26386 26396 26471 26483 26489 26965 27072 27078 27091 27123 27125 27131 27221 27287 27312 27322 27395 27429 27500 27538 27587 27603 27648 27739 27744 27854 27885 27902 27966 28021 28045 28198 28271 28293 28354 28451-28452 28532 28553 28559 28574 30058 30109 30128 30195 30327 30415 30474 30509 30539 30659 30694 30696-30697 31092 31172 31179 31346 31434 31446 31518 31549 31580 31637 31640 31677 31708 31735 31762 31821 31860 31862 31915 31951 31955-31956 31973 31979 32006 32108 32140 32142 32154 32156 32164 32176-32177 32188 32197 32253 32278 32319 32327 32436 32451 32493 32535 32552 32578 32607 32617 32658 32672 32676 32715 32764 32766https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/499/1890?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/MNRAS/499/1890/table4Magnetic white dwarfs in the Gaia DR2 northern 40pc sampleSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableRefReferencemeta.ref;pos.framecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintWDJWDJ name (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.ss)meta.id;meta.maincharSpTypeSpectral typesrc.spTypechar<B>? Mean magnetic fieldMGphys.magFieldfloatnullableJ/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea1Northern 40pc Gaia white dwarf sample (updated version 14-Jun-2021)SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablePlxParallax of the sourcemaspos.parallaxdoublee_PlxStandard error of parallaxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxdoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMagneticindicates magnetic field in table4meta.ref.urlcharWDJWDJHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s, equinox and epoch 2000meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryGaiaEDR3Gaia EDR3 source identifiermeta.idGaiaDR2? Gaia DR2 source identifiermeta.idnullablef_GaiaEDR3[0/1] Gaia EDR3 new flag (1)meta.codeintRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5degpos.eq.ra;meta.maine_RA_ICRSStandard error of right ascensionmasstat.error;pos.eq.radoubleDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5degpos.eq.dec;meta.maine_DE_ICRSStandard error in declinationmasstat.error;pos.eq.decdoubleGmagApparent G magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optdoubleBP-RPG_BP_-G_RP_colour indexmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RdoubleSpTypeSpectral Type (2)src.spTypecharCompComposition (H for hydrogen dominated or He for helium dominated)meta.codecharTeffG? Adopted Gaia effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintnullablee_TeffG? Standard error of adopted Gaia effective temperatureKstat.errorintnullableloggG? Adopted Gaia surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravitydoublenullablee_loggG? Standard error on adopted Gaia surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)stat.errordoublenullableTeffP? Pan-STARRS effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintnullablee_TeffP? Standard error on Pan-STARRS effective temperatureKstat.errorintnullableloggP? Pan-STARRS surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravitydoublenullablee_loggP? Standard error on Pan-STARRS surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)stat.errordoublenullabler_SpTypeBibcode of reference paper for spectral type or (Unobserved (see main text))meta.ref;pos.framecharCommentAdditional commentmeta.notechar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2015.5 (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2015.5 (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decnullableindexedJ/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea2MS contaminents and unobserved low probability candidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintWDJWDJHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s, equinox and epoch 2000meta.id;meta.maincharWDWD Name (for objects known before Gaia only)meta.idcharGaiaDR2Gaia DR2 source identifiermeta.idcharPlxParallax of the sourcemaspos.parallaxdoublee_PlxStandard error of parallaxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxdoubleRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5degpos.eq.ra;meta.maine_RA_ICRSStandard error of right ascensionmasstat.error;pos.eq.radoubleDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5degpos.eq.dec;meta.maine_DE_ICRSStandard error in declinationmasstat.error;pos.eq.decdoubleGmagApparent G magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optdoubleBP-RPG_BP_-G_RP_colour indexmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RdoubleSpTypeSpectral Type (1)src.spTypecharCompComposition (H for hydrogen dominated or He for helium dominated)meta.codecharTeffG? Adopted Gaia effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectivedoublenullablee_TeffG? Standard error of adopted Gaia effective temperatureKstat.errordoublenullableloggG? Adopted Gaia surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravitydoublenullablee_loggG? Standard error on adopted Gaia surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)stat.errordoublenullableTeffP? Pan-STARRS effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectivedoublenullablee_TeffP? Standard error on Pan-STARRS effective temperatureKstat.errordoublenullableloggP? Pan-STARRS surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravitydoublenullablee_loggP? Standard error on Pan-STARRS surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)stat.errordoublenullabler_SpTypeBibcode of reference paper for spectral type or (Unobserved (see main text))meta.ref;pos.framecharCommentAdditional commentmeta.notecharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2015.5 (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2015.5 (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decnullableindexedJ/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea3Likely 40pc members that are missing from Table A1 (updated version 27-May-2021)SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaEDR3? Gaia EDR3 source identifiermeta.idnullableGaiaDR2? Gaia DR2 source identifiermeta.idnullableNameName (for objects known before Gaia only)meta.id;meta.maincharPlx? Parallax of the sourcemaspos.parallaxfloatnullablee_Plx? Standard error of parallaxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatnullabler_PlxReference paper for parallax (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharSpTypeSpectral Type (2)src.spTypecharr_SpTypeReference paper for spectral typemeta.ref;pos.framecharNoteAdditional comment (3)meta.notechar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea4Objects which may be 40pc members based on Gaia parallax errors (updated version 27-May-2021)SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableSpTypeSpectral Type (1)src.spTypechar_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintWDJWDJHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s, equinox and epoch 2000meta.id;meta.maincharGaiaEDR3? Gaia EDR3 source identifiermeta.idnullableGaiaDR2Gaia DR2 source identifiermeta.idcharWD? WD Name (for objects known before Gaia only)meta.idcharPlxParallax of the sourcemaspos.parallaxfloate_PlxStandard error of parallaxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatRefReference paper for spectral typemeta.bibchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/499/1890/tablea5Wide binaries including a white dwarf within 40pcSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableNoteNote (1)meta.notecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSystemSystem indexmeta.idintWDJWDJ Name for white dwarfs, STAR for main-sequence starsmeta.id;meta.maincharGaiaDR2Gaia DR2 source identifiermeta.idRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainpmRAProper motion in right ascension, pmRA*cosDEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmRAStandard error of proper motion in right ascensionmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDEProper motion in declinationmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublee_pmDEStandard error of proper motion in declinationmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatskySep? On-sky separationpcpos.distance;phys.sizedoublenullableradSep? Radial separationpcpos.distance;src.orbitalfloatnullablee_radSep? Standard error of radial separationpcstat.errorfloatnullabledeltapm1? Difference in pmRA and pmDE in mas/yrmas/yrpos.pm;arith.difffloatnullabledeltapm2? Difference in pmRA and pmDE in km/skm/spos.pm;arith.difffloatnullablee_deltapm2? Standard error of the difference in pmRA and pmDE in km/skm/sstat.errorfloatnullableTypeType of Binary Systemsrc.classchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decnullableindexed