J/MNRAS/496/5423ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/496/5423doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74965423CDSMalla S.P.Stello D.Huber D.Montet B.T.Bedding T.R.Andersen M.F.,Grundahl F.Jessen-Hansen J.Hey D.R.Palle P.L.Deng L.Zhang C.,Chen X.Lloyd J.Antoci V.2024-08-21T20:15:31Z2020-07-28T13:07:40ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsexoplanetsstellar-massesThe study of planet occurrence as a function of stellar mass is important for a better understanding of planet formation. Estimating stellar mass, especially in the red giant regime, is difficult. In particular, stellar masses of a sample of evolved planet-hosting stars based on spectroscopy and grid-based modelling have been put to question over the past decade with claims they were overestimated. Although efforts have been made in the past to reconcile this dispute using asteroseismology, results were inconclusive. In an attempt to resolve this controversy, we study four more evolved planet-hosting stars in this paper using asteroseismology, and we revisit previous results to make an informed study of the whole ensemble in a self-consistent way. For the four new stars, we measure their masses by locating their characteristic oscillation frequency, numax, from their radial velocity time series observed by SONG. For two stars, we are also able to measure the large frequency separation, Delta nu, helped by extended SONG single-site and dual-site observations and new TESS observations. We establish the robustness of the numax-only-based results by determining the stellar mass from Delta nu, and from both Delta nu and numax. We then compare the seismic masses of the full ensemble of 16 stars with the spectroscopic masses from three different literature sources. We find an offset between the seismic and spectroscopic mass scales that is mass-dependent, suggesting that the previously claimed overestimation of spectroscopic masses only affects stars more massive than about 1.6M_{sun}_.2020MNRAS.496.5423Mhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/496/5423CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)J/A+A/475/1003 : Stellar parameters of G and K giant stars (Hekker+, 2007)J/A+A/487/373 : Spectroscopic parameters of 451 HARPS-GTO stars (Sousa+, 2008)J/A+A/526/A71 : C abundances in G and K nearby stars (da Silva+, 2011)J/A+A/543/A160 : Normalized spectra of 82 Kepler red giants (Thygesen+, 2012)J/A+A/557/A70 : Evolved planet hosts - stellar parameters (Mortier+, 2013)J/A+A/555/A150 : Physical parameters of cool solar-type stars (Tsantaki+, 2013)J/A+A/616/A33 : Stellar parameters of 372 giant stars (Stock+, 2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/496/5423https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/496/5423http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/496/5423https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/496/5423https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/496/5423http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/496/5423GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/496/5423/table1 (Observing parameters for targets (all Tenerife except where noted))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/496/5423/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/496/5423/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/496/5423/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true155.8682058-0.90224360.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/496/5423/table2 (Observed parameters of the evolved planet-hosting stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/496/5423/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/496/5423/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/496/5423/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true155.8682058-0.90224360.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/496/5423/table3 (Updated Results from Stello et al. (2017MNRAS.472.4110S))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/496/5423/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/496/5423/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/496/5423/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true67.154161719.18042920.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/496/5423/tableb1 (Stellar masses for the evolved planet-hosting stars used for the ensemble study in Sec. 6 across various literature sources)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/496/5423/tableb1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/496/5423/tableb1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/496/5423/tableb1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true155.8682058-0.90224360.0055555555555555566/341 2577 6219 7136 9753 12306 12482 12612 14767 15273 16213 18028 18172 18441 25446 27220 30170 42941 48109https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/496/5423?format=asciidefaultJ/MNRAS/496/5423/table1Observing parameters for targets (all Tenerife except where noted)StarName of the starmeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintn_StarNote on Starmeta.notecharObs.date1First date of observationtime.epoch;obsnullableObs.date2Last date of observationtime.epochnullableVmagV magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatTexpExposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintNexpNumber of exposuresmeta.numberintRSpectrograph Resolutionpos.angResolutioncharNnightNumber of observation nightsdmeta.numberintNspanLength of the timeseriesdtime.intervalintsigmaRVMedian radial velocity precisionm/sphys.veloc.dispersionfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/496/5423/table2Observed parameters of the evolved planet-hosting starsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintStarName of the starmeta.id;meta.maincharloggSpectroscopic surface gravity (1)log(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloate_loggError in spectroscopic surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)stat.errorfloatTeffSpectroscopic effective temperature (1)Kphys.temperature.effectiveinte_TeffError in spectroscopic effective temperatureKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveint[Fe/H]Metallicity (1)phys.abund.Zfloate_[Fe/H]Error in metallicitystat.error;phys.abund.FefloatplxHipparcos Parallax (2)maspos.parallaxfloate_plxError in Hipparcos Parallaxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatMspecSpectroscopic stellar masssolMassphys.massfloate_MspecError in spectroscopic stellar masssolMassstat.errorfloatLDerived Luminosity (3)solLumphys.luminosityfloate_LError in derived luminositysolLumstat.errorfloatnumax-prePredicted numaxuHzem.freqinte_numax-preError in predicted numaxuHzstat.errorintnumax-obsObserved numaxuHzem.freqinte_numax-obsError in observed numaxuHzstat.errorintMseisNumax only based asteroseismic masssolMassphys.massfloate_MseisError in numax only based asteroseismic masssolMassstat.errorfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/496/5423/table3Updated Results from Stello et al. (2017MNRAS.472.4110S)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintStarName of the starmeta.id;meta.maincharnumaxCharacteristic frequency of oscillation for the staruHzem.freqfloate_numaxError in numaxuHzstat.errorfloatMseisnumax-only based asteroseismic massessolMassphys.massfloate_MseisError in MseissolMassstat.errorfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/496/5423/table4Approximate frequencies of individual modes extracted from the echelle diagrams of gamma Cep and 24 SexrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintFreq(GC)Approximate frequencies of individual modes extracted from the echelle diagrams of gamma Cep (GC)uHzem.freqfloatDeg(GC)Degree of the mode of oscillation in column Freq(GC)instr.setupcharFreq(24S)Approximate frequencies of individual modes extracted from the echelle diagrams of 24 Sex (24S)uHzem.freqfloatDeg(24S)Degree of the mode of oscillation in column Freq(24S)instr.setupcharJ/MNRAS/496/5423/tableb1Stellar masses for the evolved planet-hosting stars used for the ensemble study in Sec. 6 across various literature sourcesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintStarName of the starmeta.id;meta.maincharMTS13-SO08? Spectroscopic mass of the star from Mortier et al. (2013, J/A+A/557/A70) (1)solMassphys.massfloatnullablee_MTS13-SO08? Error in MTS13-SO08solMassstat.errorfloatnullableMHM07? Spectroscopic mass of the star from Mortier et al. (2013, J/A+A/557/A70) (2)solMassphys.massfloatnullablee_MHM07? Error in MHM07solMassstat.errorfloatnullableMJofre? Spectroscopic mass of the star from Jofre et al. (2015, J/A+A/574/A50) (3)solMassphys.massfloatnullablee_MJofre? Error in MJofresolMassstat.errorfloatnullableMStock? Spectroscopic mass of the star from the Stock et al. (2018, J/A+A/616/A33) (4)solMassphys.massfloatnullableE_MStock? Positive error in MStocksolMassstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablee_MStock? Negative error in MStocksolMassstat.errorfloatnullableMseisMass of the star from asteroseismologysolMassphys.massfloatE_MseisPositive error in MseissolMassstat.error;stat.maxfloate_MseisNegative error in MseissolMassstat.errorfloatRef[efg] Reference for the asteroseismic mass (5)meta.ref;pos.framecharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main