J/MNRAS/493/1926ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/493/1926doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74931926CDSKovacevic M.Chiaro G.Cutini S.Tosti G.2024-08-20T20:16:13Z2020-04-14T10:42:22ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fractive-galactic-nucleibl-lacertae-objectsgamma-ray-astronomyThe Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) has detected more than 5000 gamma-ray sources in its first 8 years of operation. More than 3000 of them are blazars. About 60 per cent of the Fermi-LAT blazars are classified as BL Lacertae objects (BL Lacs) or Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQs), while the rest remain of uncertain type. The goal of this study was to classify those blazars of uncertain type, using a supervised machine learning method based on an artificial neural network, by comparing their properties to those of known gamma-ray sources. Probabilities for each of 1329 uncertain blazars to be a BL Lac or FSRQ are obtained. Using 90 per cent precision metric, 801 can be classified as BL Lacs and 406 as FSRQs while 122 still remain unclassified. This approach is of interest because it gives a fast preliminary classification of uncertain blazars. We also explored how different selections of training and testing samples affect the classification and discuss the meaning of network outputs.2020MNRAS.493.1926Khttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/493/1926CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/810/14 : Third catalog of LAT-detected AGNs (3LAC) (Ackermann+, 2015)J/ApJS/218/23 : Fermi LAT third source catalog (3FGL) (Acero+, 2015)J/ApJ/820/8 : 3FGL sources statistical classificationsJ/MNRAS/462/3180 : 3FGL Blazar of Unknown Type classification (Chiaro+, 2016)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/493/1926https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/493/1926http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/493/1926https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/493/1926https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/493/1926http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/493/1926GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/493/1926/table2 (*BL Lac probability for each BCU in 4FGL catalog (v19) in ascending order)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/493/1926/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/493/1926/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/493/1926/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true348.4000439.764450.0055555555555555566/90 137 143 189 226 465 530 543 556 576 583 714 720 731 739 743 800 817 893 897 961 974 1029 1032 1087 1094 1116 1125 1163 1203 1233 1250 1312 1315 1342 1390 1462 1539 1551 1611 1626 1632 1680 1703 1740-1741 1768 1853 1888 1973 1984-1985 2031 2042 2078 2094 2255 2331 2357 2376 2434 2439 2492 2531 2568 2603 2643 2646 2654 2667 2704 2722 2751 2754 2788 2817 2861 2895 2903 2912 2929 2934 2966 3035 3052 3057 3130 3218 3237 3264 3272 3351 3369 3382 3404 3472 3491 3528 3557 3728 3761 3774 3833 3841 3844 3937 3984 4039-4040 4043 4079-4080 4091 4137 4267 4472 4587 4714 4723 4768 4862 4918 5000 5003 5034 5300 5314 5361 5453 5509 5516 5616 5649 5720 5728 5766 5781 5817 5821 5840 5952 6027 6039 6044 6065 6091 6187 6211 6219 6282 6327 6374 6385 6458 6582 6588 6638 6692 6754 6769 6774 6787 6829 6831 6835 6864 6910 6957 6973 6988 7012 7082 7114 7130 7146 7149 7162 7200 7238 7248 7310 7378 7394 7421 7456 7518 7553 7613 7623 7660 7681 7715 7724 7766 7782 7794 7798 7823 7837 7859 7872 7876 7895 7907 7936 7947 8004 8052 8056 8089 8091-8092 8118 8145 8173 8179 8267 8324 8422 8432 8485 8565 8619 8717 8735 8792 8878 9016 9032 9118 9123 9159 9302 9338 9357 9403 9432 9435 9485 9524 9548 9639 9683 9835 9949 10025 10090 10105 10157 10171 10282 10303 10390 10393 10409 10411 10522 10553 10704 10740 10798 10814 10817-10818 10882 10944 11045 11066 11083 11136 11216 11238 11246 11283 11303 11395 11457 11502 11504 11534 11541 11586 11620 11652 11675 11685 11693 11708 11715 11759 11848 11899 11970 11978 12007 12025 12027 12067 12079 12093 12102 12104 12113 12168 12177 12225 12235 12251 12277 12285 12289 12301 12307 12351 12410 12443-12444 12527 12530 12588 12636 12650 12736 12783 12851 12868 12973 13035 13081 13141 13165 13230 13321 13324 13334 13411 13427 13492 13534 13628 13638 13692 13746 13796 13836 13862 13874 13938 14025 14138 14150 14166 14320 14322 14369 14395 14463 14570 14575 14608 14611 14629 14646 14697 14725 14730 14745 14753 14962 14981 14983 14986 15003 15015 15210 15250 15256 15272 15274 15300 15323 15373 15380 15410 15488 15568 15582 15632 15659 15664 15669 15767-15768 15774 15816 15821 15903 15910 15917 15941 16086 16101 16112 16142 16212 16258 16273 16355 16392 16396 16440 16480 16522 16566 16578 16666 16696 16739-16740 16800 16810 16846 16863 16925 16995 17018 17080 17095 17122 17154 17275 17366 17474 17489 17529 17539 17546 17601 17675 17683 17711 17721 17732 17797-17798 17868 17882 17910 17979 18053 18110 18183 18240 18262 18341 18431 18444 18463 18484 18499 18549 18561 18631 18693 18714 18760 18799 18806 18902 18927 18954 19005 19056 19209 19236 19246 19460 19499 19517 19673 19708 19784 19839 19857 19870 19916 19949 19976 20067 20074 20095 20110 20136 20210 20246 20344 20375 20518 20547 20559 20602 20607 20659 20670 20674 20736 20752 20861 20873 20935 21091 21174 21185-21186 21203 21330 21345 21396 21403 21449 21454 21552 21593 21615 21626 21646 21732 21758 21781 21792 21808 21866 21888 21898 21987 21994 22009 22116 22140 22186 22239 22278 22281 22386 22398 22401 22441 22452 22687 22767 22829 22844 22881 22952 23009 23041 23071 23096 23114 23125 23159 23252 23263-23264 23273 23284 23370 23412 23516 23542 23548 23563 23598 23718 23720 23734 23756 23763 23797 23857 23861 23869 23901 23966 24007 24023 24037 24041 24059 24134 24215 24217 24272 24297 24311 24326 24342 24387 24444 24482 24512 24544 24554 24568 24592 24623 24626 24641 24655 24687 24689 24797 24800-24801 24818-24819 24836 24846 24885 24910 24923 24927 25006 25016 25169 25239 25370 25372 25403 25505 25510 25518 25560 25585 25611 25619 25638 25647 25669 25781 25804 25807 25825 25865 25888 26125 26156 26167 26169 26195 26244 26363 26390 26677 26705 26823 26850 26890 26892 26897 26901 26984 27024 27047 27053 27078 27127 27179 27185 27248 27257 27274 27327 27381 27436 27468 27525 27548 27605 27646 27651 27710 27725 27763 27772 27798 27815 27844 27866 28017 28370 28399 28416 28438 28581 28583 28615 28681 28728 28735-28736 28783 28789 28794 28801 28856 28904 28934 28947 28971 28991 28998 29037 29126 29247 29300 29322 29332 29452 29480 29580 29588 29596 29707 29709 29730 29800 29812 29827-29828 29876 29973 30023 30041 30050 30091 30212 30323 30327 30385 30416 30431 30511 30527 30566 30585 30590 30667 30743 30755 30781 30822 30857 30865 30894 30937 31150 31199 31239 31497 31508-31509 31519 31542 31551 31574 31599 31636 31681 31687 31742 31837 31886 31973 31986 32051 32068 32131 32150 32155 32209 32262 32314 32344 32433 32443 32499 32537 32559 32572 32580-32581 32628 32641 32662 32729 32788 32818 32990 33043 33048-33049 33063 33121 33128 33140 33158 33174 33233 33243 33345 33350 33378 33382 33406 33419 33432 33448 33501 33525 33580 33606 33632 33649 33729 33805 33818 33870 33929 33962 33964 33997 34072 34163 34168 34187 34245 34285 34304 34312 34334 34443 34464 34478 34489 34547 34569 34590 34592 34623 34647 34656 34680 34759 34772 34832 34871 34874 34900 34918 34922 34931 34946 34956 34966-34968 35033 35039 35046 35119 35146 35208 35216 35227 35263 35274 35276 35330 35376 35401-35402 35434 35484 35498 35502 35535 35594 35603 35664 35681 35773 35836 35868 35886 35901 35905 35925 35927 35936 35950 35963 35969 36001 36038 36100 36120 36133 36137 36196 36204 36217 36222 36237 36251 36273 36316 36361 36366 36370 36391 36460 36471 36580 36607 36611 36614 36673 36707 36731 36736 36747 36777 36793 36825 36877 36892 36910 36951 36973 37022 37068 37138 37191 37229 37246 37261 37299 37311 37425 37438 37472 37480 37519 37523 37564 37587 37667 37686 37688 37745 37761 37826 37829 37832 37850 37940 37950 37991 38035 38112 38166 38177 38186 38192 38236 38316 38331 38352 38409 38470 38495 38516 38579 38635 38762 38766 38797 38832 38837 38861 38871 38873 38903 38911 38937 38942 39002 39006-39007 39012 39028 39037 39062 39065 39081 39092 39132 39138 39142 39146 39190 39208 39353 39376 39464 39467 39529 39599-39600 39654 39717 39724 39742 39781 39786 39963 39969 39974 40024 40036 40047 40092 40096 40174 40194 40211 40214 40235 40254 40265 40337 40351 40392 40422 40452 40455 40474 40493-40494 40506 40598 40635-40636 40698 40708 40755 40786 40842 40879 40905 40997 41009 41047 41058 41067 41088 41105 41114 41130 41137 41155 41179 41222 41241 41325 41345 41396 41464 41495 41507 41510-41511 41524 41543 41578 41607 41619 41653 41725 41729 41757 41782 41824 41903 41938 41970 41982 42008 42012 42020 42024 42046 42067 42071 42102 42107 42161 42188 42228 42256 42261 42360 42411 42432 42440 42481 42493 42540 42580 42584 42601 42675 42803 42809 42816 42834 42904 42920 42979 43038 43066 43085 43112 43116 43186 43198 43283 43354 43377 43412 43422 43443 43490 43556 43572 43649 43662 43696 43707 43710 43746 43793 43802 43888 43891 43996 44046 44049-44050 44052 44113 44121 44123 44140 44179 44193 44213 44223 44290 44308 44336 44365 44379 44389 44420 44449 44477 44484 44493 44519 44533 44540 44543 44609 44633 44638 44653 44702 44713 44734 44746 44791 44845 44901-44902 44913 44952 45068 45122 45146 45214 45216 45242 45284 45289 45330 45352 45358 45360 45371 45386 45406 45454 45478 45490-45491 45622 45632 45640 45681 45725 45746 45812 45816 45820 45847 45907 45914 45957 45972 45977 46020 46030 46033 46122 46157 46200 46280 46320 46356 46358 46394 46404 46511 46564 46569 46608 46613 46617 46744 46761 46772 46843 46924 47021 47062 47070 47130 47152 47154 47205 47231 47249 47277 47288 47304 47425 47442 47461 47463 47466 47497 47529 47533 47566 47621 47630 47675 47720 47771 47805 47847 47865 47912 48090 48100 48106 48154 48201 48204 48274 48315 48345 48366 48381 48398 48407 48580 48670-48671 48689 48749 48758 48763 48778 48854 48870 48916 48933 48957 48962 49043 49087 49097 49145https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/493/1926?format=asciiGamma-raydefaultJ/MNRAS/493/1926/table2*BL Lac probability for each BCU in 4FGL catalog (v19) in ascending order_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decnullableindexedSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameBCU name in 4FGL catalog (4FGL_JHHMM.m+DDMM)meta.id;meta.maincharGLATGalactic latitude (1)degpos.galactic.latGLONGalactic longitude (1)degpos.galactic.lonLb[0/1]=+ BL Lac probability (2)stat.fit.goodnessfloatb_Lb[0/1] Lower limit of error interval of Lb (3)stat.error;time.interval;stat.minfloatB_Lb[0/1] Upper limit of error interval of Lb (3)stat.error;time.interval;stat.maxfloat