J/MNRAS/491/3562ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/491/3562doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74913562CDSZibetti S.Gallazzi A.R.Hirschmann M.Consolandi G.Falcon-Barroso J.,van de Ven G.Lyubenova M.2024-08-20T20:14:46Z2020-01-21T15:20:33ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxiesstellar-populationschemical-abundancesWe perform spatially resolved stellar population analysis for a sample of 69 early-type galaxies (ETGs) from the CALIFA integral field spectroscopic survey, including 48 ellipticals and 21 S0's. We generate and quantitatively characterize profiles of light-weighted mean stellar age and metallicity within <~2Re, as a function of radius and stellar-mass surface density {mu}*. We study in detail the dependence of profiles on galaxies' global properties, including velocity dispersion {sigma}_e_, stellar mass, morphology. ETGs are universally characterized by strong, negative metallicity gradients (~-0.3dex per Re) within 1Re, which flatten out moving towards larger radii. A quasi-universal local {mu}*-metallicity relation emerges, which displays a residual systematic dependence on {sigma}_e_, whereby higher {sigma}_e_ implies higher metallicity at fixed {mu}*. Age profiles are typically U-shaped, with minimum around 0.4Re, asymptotic increase to maximum ages beyond ~1.5Re, and an increase towards the centre. The depth of the minimum and the central increase anticorrelate with {sigma}_e_. A possible qualitative interpretation of these observations is a two-phase scenario. In the first phase, dissipative collapse occurs in the inner 1Re, establishing a negative metallicity gradient. The competition between the outside-in quenching due to feedback-driven winds and some form of inside-out quenching, possibly caused by central AGN feedback or dynamical heating, determines the U-shaped age profiles. In the second phase, the accretion of ex-situ stars from quenched and low-metallicity satellites shapes the flatter stellar population profiles in the outer regions.2020MNRAS.491.3562Zhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/491/3562CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/491/3562https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/491/3562http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/491/3562https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/491/3562https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/491/3562http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/491/3562GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapdefaultJ/MNRAS/491/3562/tablec1Stellar population properties at characteristic radiilogZcen-16Stellar metallicity in the centre (R<0.1Re) 16th-percentile errorbarlog(Sun)stat.errorfloatlogagecenMedian Stellar age in the centre (R<0.1Re)log(yr)time.age;stat.medianfloatlogagecen-84Stellar age in the centre (R<0.1Re) 84th-percentile errorbarlog(yr)stat.errorfloatlogagecen-16Stellar age in the centre (R<0.1Re) 16th-percentile errorbarlog(yr)stat.errorfloatNgalcenNumber of galaxies in the subsamplemeta.numberintlogZ02ReMedian Stellar metallicity at 0.2Relog(Sun)phys.abund.Z;stat.medianfloatlogZ02Re-84Stellar metallicity at 0.2Re 84th-percentile errorbarlog(Sun)stat.errorfloatlogZ02Re-16Stellar metallicity at 0.2Re 16th-percentile errorbarlog(Sun)stat.errorfloatlogage02ReMedian Stellar age at 0.2Relog(yr)time.age;stat.medianfloatlogage02Re-84Stellar age at 0.2Re 84th-percentile errorbarlog(yr)stat.errorfloatlogage02Re-16Stellar age at 0.2Re 16th-percentile errorbarlog(yr)stat.errorfloatNgal02ReNumber of galaxies in the subsamplemeta.numberintlogZ04ReMedian Stellar metallicity at 0.4Relog(Sun)phys.abund.Z;stat.medianfloatlogZ04Re-84Stellar metallicity at 0.4Re 84th-percentile errorbarlog(Sun)stat.errorfloatlogZ04Re-16Stellar metallicity at 0.4Re 16th-percentile errorbarlog(Sun)stat.errorfloatlogage04ReMedian Stellar age at 0.4Relog(yr)time.age;stat.medianfloatlogage04Re-84Stellar age at 0.4Re 84th-percentile errorbarlog(yr)stat.errorfloatlogage04Re-16Stellar age at 0.4Re 16th-percentile errorbarlog(yr)stat.errorfloatNgal04ReNumber of galaxies in the subsamplemeta.numberintlogZ1ReMedian Stellar metallicity at 1Relog(Sun)phys.abund.Z;stat.medianfloatlogZ1Re-84Stellar metallicity at 1Re 84th-percentile errorbarlog(Sun)stat.errorfloatlogZ1Re-16Stellar metallicity at 1Re 16th-percentile errorbarlog(Sun)stat.errorfloatlogage1ReMedian Stellar age at 1Relog(yr)time.age;stat.medianfloatlogage1Re-84Stellar age at 1Re 84th-percentile errorbarlog(yr)stat.errorfloatlogage1Re-16Stellar age at 1Re 16th-percentile errorbarlog(yr)stat.errorfloatNgal1ReNumber of galaxies in the subsamplemeta.numberintlogZ2ReMedian Stellar metallicity at 2Relog(Sun)phys.abund.Z;stat.medianfloatlogZ2Re-84Stellar metallicity at 2Re 84th-percentile errorbarlog(Sun)stat.errorfloatlogZ2Re-16Stellar metallicity at 2Re 16th-percentile errorbarlog(Sun)stat.errorfloatlogage2ReMedian Stellar age at 2Relog(yr)time.age;stat.medianfloatlogage2Re-84Stellar age at 2Re 84th-percentile errorbarlog(yr)stat.errorfloatlogage2Re-16Stellar age at 2Re 16th-percentile errorbarlog(yr)stat.errorfloatNgal2ReNumber of galaxies in the subsamplemeta.numberintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSampleGalaxy (sub)samplesrccharlogZcenMedian Stellar metallicity in the centre (R<0.1Re)log(Sun)phys.abund.Z;stat.medianfloatlogZcen-84Stellar metallicity in the centre (R<0.1Re) 84th-percentile errorbarlog(Sun)stat.errorfloatJ/MNRAS/491/3562/tablec2Stellar population properties at characteristic stellar mass surface densityrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSampleGalaxy (sub)samplesrccharlogZcen-16Stellar metallicity in the centre (log mustar=4) 16th percentile 1-sigma errorbarlog(Sun)stat.errorfloatlogagecenMedian Stellar age in the centre (log mustar=4)log(yr)time.age;stat.medianfloatlogagecen-84Stellar age in the centre (log mustar=4) 84th percentile 1-sigma errorbarlog(yr)stat.errorfloatlogagecen-16Stellar age in the centre (log mustar=4) 16th percentile 1-sigma errorbarlog(yr)stat.errorfloatNgalcenNumber of galaxies in the subsamplemeta.numberintlogZmidMedian Stellar metallicity at mid mustar (log mustar=3.1)log(Sun)phys.abund.Z;stat.medianfloatlogZmid-84Stellar metallicity at mid mustar (log mustar=3.1) 84th percentile 1-sigma errorbarlog(Sun)stat.errorfloatlogZmid-16Stellar metallicity at mid mustar (log mustar=3.1) 16th percentile 1-sigma errorbarlog(Sun)stat.errorfloatlogagemidMedian Stellar age at mid mustar (log mustar=3.1)log(yr)time.age;stat.medianfloatlogagemid-84Stellar age at mid mustar (log mustar=3.1) 84th percentile 1-sigma errorbarlog(yr)stat.errorfloatlogagemid-16Stellar age at mid mustar (log mustar=3.1) 16th percentile 1-sigma errorbarlog(yr)stat.errorfloatNgalmidNumber of galaxies in the subsamplemeta.numberintlogZoutMedian Stellar metallicity at outer mustar (log mustar=2.3)log(Sun)phys.abund.Z;stat.medianfloatlogZout-84Stellar metallicity at outer mustar (log mustar=2.3) 84th percentile 1-sigma errorbarlog(Sun)stat.errorfloatlogZout-16Stellar metallicity at outer mustar (log mustar=2.3) 16th percentile 1-sigma errorbarlog(Sun)stat.errorfloatlogageoutMedian Stellar age at outer mustar (log mustar=2.3)log(yr)time.age;stat.medianfloatlogageout-84Stellar age at outer mustar (log mustar=2.3) 84th percentile 1-sigma errorbarlog(yr)stat.errorfloatlogageout-16Stellar age at outer mustar (log mustar=2.3) 16th percentile 1-sigma errorbarlog(yr)stat.errorfloatlogZcenMedian Stellar metallicity in the centre (log mustar=4)log(Sun)phys.abund.Z;stat.medianfloatlogZcen-84Stellar metallicity in the centre (log mustar=4) 84th percentile 1-sigma errorbarlog(Sun)stat.errorfloatNgaloutNumber of galaxies in the subsamplemeta.numberintJ/MNRAS/491/3562/tablec3Correlations between stellar population properties at characteristic radii and global propertiesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSigni[0/1] 1 if correlation is significant, 0 otherwisestat.correlationintyy variable in the correlationstat.correlationcharxx variable in the correlationstat.correlationcharRegionRegion where y is evaluatedmeta.notecharaIntercept of the linear fitmeta.notefloatbSlope of the linear fitarith.grad;pos.distance;stat.fit.paramfloatMADMean Absolute deviation from the linear fitstat.stdev;stat.meanfloatCfSpearmanSpearman rank coefficientstat.fit.paramfloatPrnullProbability of null correlationstat.fit.goodnessdoubleJ/MNRAS/491/3562/tablec4Correlations between stellar population properties at characteristic mustar and global propertiesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSigni[0/1] 1 if correlation is significant, 0 otherwisestat.correlationintyy variable in the correlationstat.correlationcharxx variable in the correlationstat.correlationcharRegionRegion where y is evaluatedmeta.notecharaIntercept of the linear fitmeta.notefloatCfSpearmanSpearman rank coefficientstat.fit.paramfloatPrnullProbability of null correlationstat.fit.goodnessdoublebSlope of the linear fitarith.grad;pos.distance;stat.fit.paramfloatMADMean Absolute deviation from the linear fitstat.stdev;stat.meanfloatJ/MNRAS/491/3562/tabled1Stellar population radial gradientsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlingradlogZinMedian linear stellar metallicity gradient in the inner region (0.2<SMA/Re<1.0) (1)arith.grad;phys.abund.Z;stat.medianfloatlingradlogZin-84Linear stellar metallicity gradient in the inner region (0.2<SMA/Re<1.0) 84th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatlingradlogZin-16Linear stellar metallicity gradient in the inner region (0.2<SMA/Re<1.0) 16th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatloggradlogZinMedian log stellar metallicity gradient in the inner region (0.2<SMA/Re<1.0) (2)arith.grad;phys.abund.Z;stat.medianfloatloggradlogZin-84Log stellar metallicity gradient in the inner region (0.2<SMA/Re<1.0) 84th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatloggradlogZin-16Log stellar metallicity gradient in the inner region (0.2<SMA/Re<1.0) 16th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatlingradlogAgeinMedian linear stellar age gradient in the inner region (0.2<SMA/Re<1.0) (1)arith.grad;stat.medianfloatlingradlogAgein-84Linear stellar age gradient in the inner region (0.2<SMA/Re<1.0) 84th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatlingradlogAgein-16Linear stellar age gradient in the inner region (0.2<SMA/Re<1.0) 16th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatloggradlogAgeinMedian log stellar age gradient in the inner region (0.2<SMA/Re<1.0) (2)arith.grad;stat.medianfloatloggradlogAgein-84Log stellar age gradient in the inner region (0.2<SMA/Re<1.0) 84th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatloggradlogAgein-16Log stellar age gradient in the inner region (0.2<SMA/Re<1.0) 16th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatNgalinNumber of contributing galaxies in inner region (0.2<SMA/Re<1.0)meta.numberintlingradlogZoutMedian linear stellar metallicity gradient in the outer region (1.0<SMA/Re<2.0)arith.grad;phys.abund.Z;stat.medianfloatlingradlogZout-84Linear stellar metallicity gradient in the outer region (1.0<SMA/Re<2.0) 84th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatlingradlogZout-16Linear stellar metallicity gradient in the outer region (1.0<SMA/Re<2.0) 16th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatloggradlogZoutMedian log stellar metallicity gradient in the outer region (1.0<SMA/Re<2.0)arith.grad;phys.abund.Z;stat.medianfloatloggradlogZout-84Log stellar metallicity gradient in the outer region (1.0<SMA/Re<2.0) 84th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatloggradlogZout-16Log stellar metallicity gradient in the outer region (1.0<SMA/Re<2.0) 16th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatlingradlogAgeoutMedian linear stellar age gradient in the outer region (1.0<SMA/Re<2.0)arith.grad;stat.medianfloatlingradlogAgeout-84Linear stellar age gradient in the outer region (1.0<SMA/Re<2.0) 84th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatlingradlogAgeout-16Linear stellar age gradient in the outer region (1.0<SMA/Re<2.0) 16th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatloggradlogAgeoutMedian log stellar age gradient in the outer region (1.0<SMA/Re<2.0)arith.grad;stat.medianfloatNgaloutNumber of contributing galaxies in the outer region (1.0<SMA/Re<2.0)meta.numberintloggradlogAgeout-84Log stellar age gradient in the outer region (1.0<SMA/Re<2.0) 84th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatloggradlogAgeout-16Log stellar age gradient in the outer region (1.0<SMA/Re<2.0) 16th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatSampleGalaxy (sub)samplesrccharJ/MNRAS/491/3562/tabled2Stellar population gradients along mustarNgalinNumber of contributing galaxies in the inner region (3.1<log mustar/[Msun/pc^2^]<4)meta.numberintgradlogZoutMedian log stellar metallicity gradient in the outer region (2.3<log mustar/[Msun/pc^2^]<3.1)arith.grad;phys.abund.Z;stat.medianfloatgradlogZout-84Log stellar metallicity gradient in the outer region (2.3<log mustar/[Msun/pc^2^]<3.1) 84th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatgradlogZout-16Log stellar metallicity gradient in the outer region (2.3<log mustar/[Msun/pc^2^]<3.1) 16th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatgradlogAgeoutMedian log stellar age gradient in the outer region (2.3<log mustar/[Msun/pc^2^]<3.1)arith.grad;stat.medianfloatgradlogAgeout-84Log stellar age gradient in the outer region (2.3<log mustar/[Msun/pc^2^]<3.1) 84th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatgradlogAgeout-16Log stellar age gradient in the outer region (2.3<log mustar/[Msun/pc^2^]<3.1) 16th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatNgaloutNumber of contributing galaxies in the outer region (2.3<log mustar/[Msun/pc^2^]<3.1)meta.numberintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSampleGalaxy (sub)samplesrcchargradlogZinMedian stellar metallicity gradient in the inner region (3.1<log mustar/[Msun/pc^2^]<4) (1)arith.grad;phys.abund.Z;stat.medianfloatgradlogZin-84Log stellar metallicity gradient in the inner region (3.1<log mustar/[Msun/pc^2^]<4) 84th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatgradlogZin-16Log stellar metallicity gradient in the inner region (3.1<log mustar/[Msun/pc^2^]<4) 16th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatgradlogAgeinMedian log stellar age gradient in the inner region (3.1<log mustar/[Msun/pc^2^]<4)arith.grad;stat.medianfloatgradlogAgein-84Log stellar age gradient in the inner region (3.1<log mustar/[Msun/pc^2^]<4) 84th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatgradlogAgein-16Log stellar age gradient in the inner region (3.1<log mustar/[Msun/pc^2^]<4) 16th-percentile errorbarstat.errorfloatJ/MNRAS/491/3562/tabled3Correlations between radial gradients of stellar population properties and global propertiesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSigni[0/1] 1 if correlation is significant, 0 otherwisestat.correlationintuu, radial coordinate (SMA or logSMA)stat.correlationcharyy stellar population parameterstat.correlationcharxx variable in the correlationstat.correlationcharRegionRegion where the gradient is evaluatedmeta.notecharaIntercept of the linear fitmeta.notefloatbSlope of the linear fitarith.grad;pos.distance;stat.fit.paramfloatMADMean Absolute deviation from the linear fitstat.stdev;stat.meanfloatCfSpearmanSpearman rank coefficientstat.fit.paramfloatPrnullProbability of null correlationstat.fit.goodnessdoubleJ/MNRAS/491/3562/tabled4Correlations between stellar population gradients along mustar and global propertiesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSigni[0/1] 1 if correlation is significant, 0 otherwisestat.correlationintyy stellar population parameter in gradientstat.correlationcharxx variable in the correlationstat.correlationcharRegionRegion where the gradient is evaluatedmeta.notecharaIntercept of the linear fitmeta.notefloatbSlope of the linear fitarith.grad;pos.distance;stat.fit.paramfloatMADMean Absolute deviation from the linear fitstat.stdev;stat.meanfloatCfSpearmanSpearman rank coefficientstat.fit.paramfloatPrnullProbability of null correlationstat.fit.goodnessdouble