J/MNRAS/490/3309ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/490/3309doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74903309CDSMerlin E.Fortuni F.Torelli M.Santini P.Castellano M.Fontana A.,Grazian A.Pentericci L.Pilo S.Schmidt K.B.2024-08-20T20:13:50Z2023-03-21T13:53:21ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxiesredshiftedinfrared-photometryWe search the five CANDELS fields (COSMOS, EGS, GOODS-North, GOODS-South, and UDS) for passively evolving a.k.a. 'red and dead' massive galaxies in the first 2Gyr after the big bang, integrating and updating the work on GOODS-South presented in a previous paper. We perform SED-fitting on photometric data, with top-hat star-formation histories to model an early and abrupt quenching, and using a probabilistic approach to select only robust candidates. Using libraries without (with) spectral lines emission, starting from a total of more than 20000 z>3 sources we end up with 102 (40) candidates, including one at z=6.7. This implies a minimal number density of 1.73+/-0.17x10^-5^ (6.69+/-1.08x10^-6^)Mpc^-3^ for 3<z<5; applying a correction factor to account for incompleteness yields 2.30+/-0.20x10^-5^. We compare these values with those from five recent hydrodynamical cosmological simulations, finding a reasonable agreement at z<4; tensions arise at earlier epochs. Finally, we use the star-formation histories from the best-fitting models to estimate the contribution of the high-redshift passive galaxies to the global star formation rate density during their phase of activity, finding that they account for ~5-10 per cent of the total star formation at 3<z<8, despite being only ~0.5 per cent of the total in number. The resulting picture is that early and strong star formation activity, building massive galaxies on short time-scales and followed by a quick and abrupt quenching, is a rare but crucial phenomenon in the early Universe: the evolution of the cosmos must be heavily influenced by the short but powerful activity of these pristine monsters.2019MNRAS.490.3309Mhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/490/3309CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJS/207/24 : GOODS-S CANDELS multiwavelength catalog (Guo+, 2013)J/ApJS/228/7 : Multi-wavelength data in CANDELS COSMOS field (Nayyeri+, 2017)J/ApJS/229/32 : CANDELS: multiwavelength catalogs in the EGS (Stefanon+, 2017)J/ApJS/206/10 : CANDELS multiwavelength catalog (Galametz+, 2013)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/490/3309https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/490/3309http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/490/3309https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/490/3309https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/490/3309http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/490/3309GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/490/3309/tableb1 (Physical properties of the selected of red and dead candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/490/3309/tableb1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/490/3309/tableb1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/490/3309/tableb1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true150.06152.37870.0055555555555555566/11252 11425 17679 17690 27258 35935https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/490/3309?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/MNRAS/490/3309/tableb1Physical properties of the selected of red and dead candidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDObject identification in the CANDELS catalogues (COSMOS, EGS, GOODS-N, GOODS-S and UDS) (1)meta.id;meta.maincharf_ID[*] Flag on ID (2)meta.codecharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainzCANDOfficial CANDELS redshiftsrc.redshift.photfloatf_zCAND[*] Flag on zCAND (3)meta.codecharAgeTime span from the onset of the star formation activity to the epoch of observationGyrtime.agefloatE_AgeUpper error on AgeGyrstat.error;stat.maxfloate_AgeLower error on AgeGyrstat.error;time.agefloatMassStellar mass assuming a Salpeter (1959ApJ...129..608S) initial mass function1e+09solMassphys.massfloatE_MassUpper error on Mass1e+09solMassstat.error;stat.maxfloate_MassLower error on Mass1e+09solMassstat.error;phys.massfloatDtburstDuration of the star formation activity, during which the SFR is constantGyrtime.intervalfloat