J/MNRAS/490/2112ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/490/2112doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74902112CDSBalona L.A.2024-08-20T20:13:39Z2023-03-21T12:44:30ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fra-starsearly-type-starsvariable-starsstellar-spectral-typeseffective-temperaturevisible-astronomyIt has long been thought that starspots are not present in the A and B stars because magnetic fields cannot be generated in stars with radiative envelopes. Space observations show that a considerable fraction of these stars varies in light with periods consistent with the expected rotation periods. Here we show that the photometric periods are the same as the rotation periods and that starspots are the likely cause for the light variations. This discovery has wide-ranging implications and suggests that a major revision of the physics of hot stellar envelopes may be required.2019MNRAS.490.2112Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/490/2112CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/gcvs : General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+, 2007-2017)IV/39 : TESS Input Catalog version 8.2 (TIC v8.2) (Paegert+, 2021)IV/34 : K2 Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) (Huber+, 2017)V/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/490/2112https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/490/2112http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/490/2112https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/490/2112https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/490/2112http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/490/2112GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/490/2112/table1 (Catalogue of rotational frequencies)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/490/2112/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/490/2112/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/490/2112/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true288.282316738.45953390.0055555555555555564/922-923 933 945 5/3645-3647 3683 3704 3706 3730 3740-3741 3743 3776-3778 3784-3785 3792 9351 9398 9731 6/18 36 39 42 53 56 84 98 108 148 194 263 272 279 283 293 300 307 310 315-316 318 337 353-355 357-360 364 366-369 374-375 381-382 388 402-403 405 407-408 410 415 437 449 453 455 459 461 465 467 470-471 473-475 477 481 496 1058 1064-1065 4149 4273 4275 4285-4286 4347 4351 4521 4625 4641 4659 4674 4684 4687 4697-4699 4701 4712 4716 4729 4733 4873 14567 14573 14575 14577-14579 14730-14731 14738 14744 14746 14749-14751 14792 14794 14828 14830 14915-14918 14924-14926 14945-14948 14950-14952 14955-14956 14958-14959 14969 15041 15044 15057 15060-15061 15116 15118-15119 15144-15145 15147-15150 15153-15158 15160 15172-15174 15178 15200 16410 16442 16465 16480 16489-16491 16517 16548 16553 16577 16587 16597 16611 16617 16624 16666 16694 16703-16704 16716 16748 16754 16804 16872 16876 16901 16906 16920 16945 16959 17011 17057 17076 17125 17135 17158 17194 17408 17417 17426 17443 17456 17458 17467 17471 17477 17506 17515 17529-17530 17542 17546 17558 17571 17590 17612 17614 17641 17663 17674 17739 17749 17764 17883 17938 17944 17959 17969 18039 18045 18121 18133 18163 18224 18226 18228 18319 18438 18446 18454 18458 18493 18539 18578 18610 18614 18625 18627 18638 18648 18657 18662 20483 20507-20508 20536 20542 20546 20555 20562 20572 20577 20583 20587 20612 20619 20627-20628 20651 20657 20687 20689 20693-20694 20702 20705 20719 20726 20734 20746 20777 20779 20822 20870 20872 20899 20906 20920 20991 21003 21054 21071 21080 21089 21110 21113 21139 21175 21189 21196 21218 21224 21227 21229 21241 21253 21262-21263 21275 21281-21282 21288 21308-21309 21380 21389 21416 21431 21439 21441 21450 21475 21478 21480 21778 21784 21826 21854 22054 22160 22374 22385 22399 22546 22560 22567 22576 22603 22605 22607 22614-22615 22622-22623 22638 22641-22642 22657 22681 22687 22690 22704 22716 22718 22724-22725 22729 22737 22740 22767 22777 22779 22805 22807 22810 22815 22822 22827 22829 22844 22846 22848 22850 22852-22853 22857-22860 22862-22864 22874 22886 22890 22892-22893 22897 22905-22907 22910 22919-22920 22929 22954 22956 22961 22964 22971 22974 22976 22981 22992 22998 23007 23009-23010 23015 23021 23029 23038 23046 23062 23064 23094-23095 23105 23113 23115 23121-23122 23130-23131 23145 23173 23184 23210 23238 23244 23253 23261 23270 23283 23287 23290 23294 23297 23301 23321 23324 23330 23345 23375 23383 23385 23387 23389 23405 23426-23427 23443 23449 23451 23459 23466 23499-23500 23502 23523 23526 23550 23652 23676 23782 24093 24117 24335 25122 25194 25233 25606 25628 25641 25656 25686 25692 25707 25711 25724 25744 25746 25751 25798 26637 26932 27001 27103 27159 27165 27177 27184 27266 27285 27291 27344 27685 28929 28931-28932 28934-28935 28948 28950-28952 28954 28956 28959 28978 28982-28984 28986 28993-28994 29000 29002 29004-29005 29007-29008 29010 29013 29016 29020 29022-29023 29026-29028 29031 29033-29036 29038 29040 29042 29044 29048-29049 29120 29312 29326-29327 29349 29362 29696 29728 30723 32768-32769 32775 32810 32814 32842 32847 32854 32868 32877-32878 32885 32903 32914 32919 32958 32974 32976-32978 32981-32984 33024 33028 33030-33031 33037 33039-33040 33042-33043 33049 33053 33055 33057 33060 33070 33077 33086 33092 33099-33100 33102 33107-33108 33113 33119 33121-33122 33126-33127 33129 33147 33157 33162-33163 33168 33178 33189 33193 33196 33214 33217 33233 33236 33244 33248 33258 33260 33266 33268 33286 33295 33299 33304 33314 33344 33351 33361 33368 33379 33384 33429-33430 33459 33478 33483 33490 33499 33502 33507 33537 33539-33540 33543 33547 33555 33562-33563 33566 33573 33587 33599 33624 33630 33641 33657-33658 33673 33680 33701 33706 33722 33732 33760 33788 33793 33800 33811-33812 33816 33820 33827 33829 33834 33839 33842 33844 33848 33852 33860 33862 33866-33867 33884 33886 33890-33891 33900 33904 33919-33920 33931-33932 33942-33943 33946 33958 33968 33976 33993 34018 34046 34048 34062-34063 34067 34072 34156 34163 34202 34219 34227 34257 34276 34307-34308 34378 34380 34430 34458 34530 34562-34563 34609 34645 34650 34685 34714 34795 34798 34804 34814 34823 34838-34839 34844 34852 34864 34872 34899 34908 34968 34976 34983 35029 35049 35060-35061 35077 35095 35108 35113 35137 35163 35165 35171 35226-35227 35246 35293 35327 35338 35352 35354 35363 35391 35431 35509 35582 35603 35630 35646 35655 35676 35687 35723 35760 35769 35801 35822 35836 35847 35849 35872 35896 35900 35930 35973 35982 36024 36046 36104 36121 36149 36161 36198 36213 36311 36359 36362 36388 36391 36629 36644 36771 36837 36866 36884 36951 37000 37002-37003 37023-37024 37028 37030-37033 37037 37042 37046-37047 37049-37052 37054 37088 37090 37094 37096-37097 37100-37101 37376 37378 37385 37389-37390 37402 37416 37420-37421 37425 37428-37429 37431-37432 37439 37442-37444 37446 37450 37454 37456-37457 37464 37474 37476 37478 37483-37484 37487-37488 37499 37502 37505 37509 37512 37514-37515 37517 37520-37521 37525 37527 37534-37536 37540 37548 37555 37557 37560 37572-37573 37575 37577 37581 37584 37586-37587 37602 37607 37609-37610 37613 38285 38294-38295 38331 38371 38395 38526 38654 38662 38695 38704 38812 38895 38913 38918 38920 38928-38929 38932-38933 38935 38939 38941 38943 38948 38950-38951 38953-38954 38960 38965 38968 38970 38974 38976-38977 38979-38980 38984 38988 38990-38991 39012 39020 39023 39041 39044-39046 39050 39052-39053 39055 39065 39067 39070 39074 39076 39078-39079 39083 39085-39086 39091 39100 39102 39108 39110 39115 39140-39142 39147 39152 39154 39428 39430 39432-39433 39437 39441-39442 39452 39457 39462 39465 39476 39478-39480 39482-39483 39488 39491 39496 39501-39502 39520 39524 39526 39528 39530 39532 39534-39535 39556 39558 39560 39562 39566 39568 39579 39584 39589-39590 39593 39601 39608-39609 39613 39618-39619 39622-39623 39628 39630 39632 39640 39649-39650 39658 39663 39674 40049 40215 40277 40293 40312 40316 40396 40419 40707 40724 40737 40742 40751 40808 40911 40985 40988 41000 41003-41004 41022 41037 41043 41048-41049 41053 41060 41076 41084 41090 41120 41226-41228 41232 41234 41246 41254 41257 41270 41277 41280 41291 41308 41313 41459 41822 41986 42146 42291 42511 42607 42617 42696 42736 42749 42859 42861-42863 42877 42879 42883 42893-42894 42923 42931-42932 42939 42941-42942 42946-42947 42949 42965 42974 42981 42985-42986 43001 44307 44309-44310 44317 44356-44357 44368 44384 44396 45060 45062 45068-45069 45073 45076 45095 45097-45098 45108 45141 45150 45173 45182 45196 45203 45206 45242 45245-45246 45248 45268-45269 45285 45292-45293 45308-45309 45351 45358 45363 45369 45384 45386 45403 45423 45437 45442-45443 45447 45455 45469-45470 45487 45506 45526 45552 45578-45579 45589 45616 45635 45643 45648 45673 45813 45819-45820 45828 45832 45847 45855-45856 45865 45888-45889 45927 45954 45956 46040 46066 46069 46081 46095 46097 46118 46125 46145 46153 46160 46184-46185 46211 46219 46232 46246 46281 46294 46299 46307 46318 46335 46337 46343 46345 46367-46368 46388 46409-46410 46421 46425 46434 46436 46451 46474 46482 46504 46507 46532 46538 46562 46573 46579 46582 46592 46649 46667 46707 46721 46726 46730 46744 46759 46768 46780 46791 46800 46809-46810 46812 46833 46856 46893 46908 46917 46921 46929 46964 47005-47006 47013 47017 47027-47028 47033-47034 47056 47060 47127 47141 47147-47148 47153-47154 47176 47186 47207 47216 47224-47225 47236 47251 47257 47277 47286 47289-47290 47293 47317 47334 47349 47357 47490 47528-47529 47532 47551 47628 47630 47635 47640-47642 47682 47698 47721-47722 47725 47731-47733 47736 47740-47741 47769 47811 47820 47891 47896 47904 47909 47926 47947 48004 48009 48015 48023 48027-48029 48037 48047 48049-48053 48055 48057 48089 48092 48096 48099 48107 48109 48120 48123 48126 48128 48146 48152 48163 48205 48210 48239 48243 48249 48309 48320 48322 48334 48336 48346 48390 48404 48410 48424 48462 48486https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/490/2112?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/MNRAS/490/2112/table1Catalogue of rotational frequenciesSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameKIC, EPIC or TIC numbermeta.id;meta.maincharVarTypeVariability class (1)meta.code.class;src.varcharVmagV-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatTeffEffective temperature (2)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintlogLLogarithm of the star luminosity (3)log(solLum)phys.luminosityfloatvsini? Projected rotational velocity (4)km/sphys.veloc.rotatfloatnullablenurotRotation frequencyct/dem.freq;src.vardoublee_nurotError on nurotct/dstat.errordoubleA1Amplitude of fundamental frequency (in parts per thousand)src.var.amplitudefloate_A1Error on A1stat.errorfloatA2Amplitude of first harmonic (in parts per thousand)src.var.amplitudefloate_A2Error on A2stat.errorfloatS/NSignal-to-noise of fundamentalstat.snrfloatSpTypeSpectral type (5)src.spTypechar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullable_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullable