J/MNRAS/488/1090ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/488/1090doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74881090CDSCondori C.A.H.Borges Fernandes M.Kraus M.Panoglou D.Guerrero C.A.2024-08-19T20:19:20Z2023-02-02T12:53:09ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frbe-starsemission-line-starsspectroscopyvisible-astronomymorgan-keenan-classificationextinctionradial-velocityline-intensitieseffective-temperatureWe investigated 12 unclassified B[e] stars or candidates, 8 from the Galaxy, 2 from the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), and 2 from the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). Based on the analysis of high-resolution spectroscopic (FEROS) and photometric data, we confirmed the presence of the B[e] phenomenon for all objects of our sample, except for one (IRAS 07455-3143). We derived their effective temperature, spectral type, luminosity class, interstellar extinction and, using the distances from Gaia DR2, we obtained their bolometric magnitude, luminosity, and radius. Modelling of the forbidden lines present in the FEROS spectra revealed information about the kinematics and geometry of the circumstellar medium of these objects. In addition, we analysed the light curves of four stars, finding their most probable periods. The evolutionary stage of 11 stars of our sample is suggested from their position on the HR diagram, taking into account evolutionary tracks of stars with solar, LMC, and SMC metallicities. As results, we identified B and B[e] supergiants, B[e] stars probably at the main sequence or close to its end, post-AGB and HAeB[e] candidates, and A[e] stars in the main sequence or in the pre-main sequence. However, our most remarkable results are the identification of the third A[e] supergiant (ARDB 54, the first one in the LMC), and of an 'LBV impostor' in the SMC (LHA 115-N82).2019MNRAS.488.1090Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/488/1090CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/488/1090https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/488/1090http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/488/1090https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/488/1090https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/488/1090http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/488/1090GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/488/1090/table1 (Our unclassified B[e] stars and candidates observed with FEROS)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true208.178333-63.5470.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/488/1090/table2 (Photometric data of our collected from the literature)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true208.1785503-63.54699140.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/488/1090/table3 (The radial velocity of stars from our sample that do not present sensible spectral variability or for which we have just one spectrum)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true208.1785503-63.54699140.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/488/1090/table4 (Radial velocities, derived from permitted absorption and forbidden emission lines, for the objects with strong variability)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true116.8720819-31.84453310.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/488/1090/table5a (Spectral type, luminosity class, intrinsic color index, and effective temperature for some stars of our sample, obtained using method 1)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table5a?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table5a?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table5a?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true208.1785503-63.54699140.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/488/1090/table5b (Spectral type, intrinsic color index, and effective temperature for some stars of our sample, obtained using method 2)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table5b?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table5b?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table5b?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true114.9502072-25.50783420.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/488/1090/table5c (Effective temperature for some stars of our sample, obtained using method 3)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table5c?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table5c?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table5c?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true107.6827856.00220420.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/488/1090/table6 (Interstellar, circumstellar, and total color excess, E(B-V), and visual interstellar extinction, A_V_, for the objects of our sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table6?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table6?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table6?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true208.1785503-63.54699140.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/488/1090/table7 (Velocities needed for fitting the line profiles for the stars with both [OI] and [CaII] forbidden lines)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table7?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table7?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table7?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true107.6827856.00220420.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/488/1090/table8 (Velocities needed for fitting the line profiles for the stars with only the [OI] forbidden lines)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table8?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table8?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table8?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true128.149015-37.98374530.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/488/1090/table9 (Physical parameters of the stars of our sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table9?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table9?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/488/1090/table9?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true208.1785503-63.54699140.0055555555555555566/22401 32546 33073 33106 33298 33317 39291 39755 39891 41551 41655 416693.322582951404819e-19 6.118840631666147e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/488/1090?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/MNRAS/488/1090/table1Our unclassified B[e] stars and candidates observed with FEROSLocLocalisation (Galaxy/SMC/LMC)meta.id.parentcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintf_Name[ab] Flag on Name (G1)meta.codecharNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharIDIRAS object identifier (IRAS HHMMm+DDMM)meta.idcharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainDateDate of observationtime.epochnullableJDJulian date of the start of the first exposuredtime.epochdoubletexpExposure time of each spectrum in secondsstime.duration;obs.exposureintN[1/2] Number of spectra at each observationmeta.numberintf_NFlag on N (1)meta.codecharS/NSignal to noise ratio around 5500{AA} of each spectrumstat.snrintJ/MNRAS/488/1090/table2Photometric data of our collected from the literatureSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLocLocalisation (Galaxy/SMC/LMC)meta.id.parentcharf_Name[ab] Flag on Name (G1)meta.codecharDateDate of observationtime.epochcharUmag? U-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullablee_Umag? Error on Umagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableBmag? B-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_Bmag? Error on Bmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableVmag? V-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag? Error on Vmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablerefsReferences (1)meta.ref;pos.frameintf_Date[*] Flag on date (2)meta.codechar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/488/1090/table3The radial velocity of stars from our sample that do not present sensible spectral variability or for which we have just one spectrumRVAverage radial velocity obtained from [OI] and [FeII] lineskm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricintSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLocLocalisation (Galaxy/SMC/LMC)meta.id.parentcharNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharDateDate of observationtime.epochnullablee_RVError on RVkm/sstat.errorint_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/488/1090/table4Radial velocities, derived from permitted absorption and forbidden emission lines, for the objects with strong variability_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLocLocalisation (Galaxy/SMC/LMC)meta.id.parentcharNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharDateDate of observationtime.epochRVOFeRadial velocity derived from [OI] and [FeII]km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricinte_RVOFeError on RVOFekm/sstat.errorintRVHe? Radial velocity derived from [HeI]km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricintnullablee_RVHe? Error on RVHekm/sstat.errorintnullableRVMg? Radial velocity derived from [MgII]km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricintnullablee_RVMg? Error on RVMgkm/sstat.errorintnullableRVSi? Radial velocity derived from [SiII]km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricintnullablee_RVSi? Error on RVSikm/sstat.errorintnullableRVCa? Radial velocity derived from [CaI]km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricintnullablee_RVCa? Error on RVCakm/sstat.errorintnullableRVLi? Radial velocity derived from [LiI]km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricintnullablee_RVLi? Error on RVLikm/sstat.errorintnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/488/1090/table5aSpectral type, luminosity class, intrinsic color index, and effective temperature for some stars of our sample, obtained using method 1(B-V)0Intrinsic B-V colour index (1)magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.VfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharSpTypeSpectral typesrc.spTypecharLCLuminosity classsrc.class.luminositychare_(B-V)0Error on (B-V)0magstat.errorfloatTeffEffective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveinte_TeffError on TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveint_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharJ/MNRAS/488/1090/table5bSpectral type, intrinsic color index, and effective temperature for some stars of our sample, obtained using method 2recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharDateDate of observationtime.epochnullableMgII/HeIMgII 4482{AA}/HeI 4471{AA} equivalent width ratiospect.line.eqWidth;arith.ratiofloate_MgII/HeIError on MgII/HeIstat.errorfloatl_SpType[=<,< ,~ ] Limit flag on SpTypemeta.code.error;src.spTypecharSpTypeSpectral type (1)src.spTypecharl_Teff[=<,< ,~ ] Limit flag on Teffmeta.code.error;phys.temperature.effectivecharTeffEffective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveinte_Teff? Error on TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/488/1090/table5cEffective temperature for some stars of our sample, obtained using method 3DateDate of observationtime.epochnullableHeIa/SiII? HeI 4713{AA}/SiII 6347{AA} equivalent width ratiospect.line.eqWidth;arith.ratiofloatnullablee_HeIa/SiII? Error on HeIa/SiIIstat.errorfloatnullableHeIb/SiIIHeI 5875{AA}/SiII 6347{AA} equivalent width ratiospect.line.eqWidth;arith.ratiofloate_HeIb/SiIIError on HeIb/SiIIstat.errorfloatTeffEffective temperature (1)Kphys.temperature.effectiveinte_TeffError on TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveint_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharJ/MNRAS/488/1090/table6Interstellar, circumstellar, and total color excess, E(B-V), and visual interstellar extinction, A_V_, for the objects of our samplee_AvError on Avmagstat.errorfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLocLocalisation (Galaxy/SMC/LMC)meta.id.parentcharNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharf_NameFlag on Name (1)meta.codecharEWDIBs? Equivalent width of the diffuse interstellar band (DIB) at 5780{AA} in m{AA}0.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullableE(B-V)DIBsIS? Interstellar color excess derived from the DIBmagphot.color.excessfloatnullablee_E(B-V)DIBsIS? Error on E(B-V)DIBsISmagstat.errorfloatnullableE(B-V)IRSAISInterstellar color excess taken from IRSA (2)magphot.color.excessfloate_E(B-V)IRSAISError on E(B-V)IRSAISmagstat.errorfloatf_E(B-V)IRSAISFlag on E(B-V)IRSAIS (3)meta.codecharE(B-V)3DIS? Interstellar color excess taken from 3D dust mapping (4)magphot.color.excessfloatnullablee_E(B-V)3DIS? Error on E(B-V)3DISmagstat.errorfloatnullableE(B-V)ISInterstellar color excess adopted in this workmagphot.color.excessfloate_E(B-V)ISError on E(B-V)ISmagstat.errorfloatE(B-V)CS? Circumstellar color excess (5)magphot.color.excessfloatnullablee_E(B-V)CS? Error on E(B-V)CSmagstat.errorfloatnullableE(B-V)T? Total color excess (6)magphot.color.excessfloatnullablee_E(B-V)T? Error on E(B-V)Tmagstat.errorfloatnullableu_E(B-V)lit1[~] Uncertainty flag on E(B-V)lit1meta.code.errorcharE(B-V)lit1? Interstellar color excess from the literaturemagphot.color.excessfloatnullabler_E(B-V)lit1Reference for E(B-V)lit1 (8)meta.ref;pos.framecharE(B-V)lit2? Other interstellar color excess from the literaturemagphot.color.excesscharr_E(B-V)lit2Reference for E(B-V)lit2 (8)meta.ref;pos.framechar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharAvVisual interstellar extinction (7)magphys.absorptionfloatJ/MNRAS/488/1090/table7Velocities needed for fitting the line profiles for the stars with both [OI] and [CaII] forbidden linesSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchare_vrCaII7324aError on vrCaII7324akm/sstat.errorfloatNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintvrOI5577? Component of the rotational velocity projected to the line of sight for the [OI]5577{AA} linekm/sphys.veloc.rotatintnullablee_vrOI5577? Error on vrOI5577km/sstat.errorfloatnullablevgOI5577? Gaussian component of the velocity for the [OI]5577{AA} linekm/sphys.velocfloatnullablee_vgOI5577? Error on vgOI5577km/sstat.errorfloatnullablevrOI6300aComponent of the rotational velocity projected to the line of sight for the [OI]6300{AA} line (1st ring) (2)km/sphys.veloc.rotatinte_vrOI6300aError on vrOI6300akm/sstat.errorfloatvgOI6300aGaussian component of the velocity for the [OI]6300{AA} line (1st ring) (2)km/sphys.velocfloate_vgOI6300aError on vgOI6300akm/sstat.errorfloatvrOI6300b? Component of the rotational velocity projected to the line of sight for the [OI]6300{AA} line (2nd ring) (2)km/sphys.veloc.rotatintnullablee_vrOI6300b? Error on vrOI6300bkm/sstat.errorfloatnullablevgOI6300b? Gaussian component of the velocity for the [OI]6300{AA} line (2nd ring) (2)km/sphys.velocfloatnullablee_vgOI6300b? Error on vgOI6300bkm/sstat.errorfloatnullablevrCaII7291aComponent of the rotational velocity projected to the line of sight for the [CaII]7291{AA} linekm/sphys.veloc.rotatinte_vrCaII7291aError on vrCaII7291akm/sstat.errorfloatvgCaII7291aGaussian component of the velocity for the [CaII]7291{AA} line (1st ring) (2)km/sphys.velocfloate_vgCaII7291aError on vgCaII7291akm/sstat.errorfloatvgCaII7291b? Gaussian component of the velocity for the [CaII]7291{AA} line (2nd ring) (2)km/sphys.velocfloatnullablef_Name[a] Flag on name (1)meta.codechare_vgCaII7291b? Error on vgCaII7291bkm/sstat.errorfloatnullablevrCaII7324aComponent of the rotational velocity projected to the line of sight for the [CaII]7324{AA} linekm/sphys.veloc.rotatintvgCaII7324aGaussian component of the velocity for the [CaII]7324{AA} line (1st ring) (2)km/sphys.velocfloate_vgCaII7324aError on vgCaII7324akm/sstat.errorfloatvgCaII7324b? Gaussian component of the velocity for the [CaII]7324{AA} line (2nd ring) (2)km/sphys.velocfloatnullablee_vgCaII7324b? Error on vgCaII7324bkm/sstat.errorfloatnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/488/1090/table8Velocities needed for fitting the line profiles for the stars with only the [OI] forbidden linesSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharf_vgauss[a] Flag on vgauss (1)meta.codechar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharvrot? Component of the rotational velocity projected to the line of sightkm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloatnullablee_vrot? Error on vrotkm/sstat.errorfloatnullablevgaussGaussian component of the velocitykm/sphys.velocfloate_vgaussError on vgausskm/sstat.errorfloatJ/MNRAS/488/1090/table9Physical parameters of the stars of our samplef_Name[ab] Flag on Name (G1)meta.codecharDist? Distancespcpos.distancedoublenullableE_Dist? Upper error on Distpcstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablee_Dist? Lower error on Distpcstat.errorfloatnullablef_DistFlag on Dist (1)meta.codecharBCBolometric correction from Humphreys & McElroy (1984ApJ...284..565H)magphot.mag.bcfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLocLocalisation (Galaxy/SMC/LMC)meta.id.parentcharNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharMbolBolometric magnitudemagphot.mag.bolfloate_MbolError on Mbolmagstat.errorfloatTeffEffective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveinte_TeffError on TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintr_TeffReference for Teff (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharlogLLogarithm of the star luminositylog(solLum)phys.luminosityfloate_logLError on logLlog(solLum)stat.errorfloatu_Rad[~] Uncertainty flag on Radmeta.code.errorcharRadStar radiussolRadphys.size.radiusinte_Rad? Error on RadsolRadstat.errorintnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main