J/MNRAS/486/5349ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/486/5349doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74865349CDSDuong L.Asplund M.Nataf D.M.Freeman K.C.Ness M.2024-08-19T20:18:35Z2022-12-15T12:41:08ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frchemical-abundancesmilky-way-galaxyspectroscopyvisible-astronomyinfrared-astronomyThis work explores the detailed chemistry of the Milky Way bulge using the HERMES spectrograph on the Anglo-Australian Telescope. Here, we present the abundance ratios of 13 elements for 832 red giant branch and clump stars along the minor bulge axis at latitudes b=-10{deg},-7.5{deg}, and -5{deg}. Our results show that none of the abundance ratios vary significantly with latitude. We also observe disc-like [Na/Fe] abundance ratios, which indicate that the bulge does not contain helium-enhanced populations as observed in some globular clusters. Helium enhancement is therefore not the likely explanation for the double red-clump observed in the bulge. We confirm that bulge stars mostly follow abundance trends observed in the disc. However, this similarity is not confirmed across all elements and metallicity regimes. The more metal-poor bulge population at [Fe/H]~<-0.8 is enhanced in the elements associated with core collapse supernovae (SNeII). In addition, the [La/Eu] abundance ratio suggests higher r-process contribution, and likely higher star formation in the bulge compared to the disc. This highlights the complex evolution in the bulge, which should be investigated further, both in terms of modelling; and with additional observations of the inner Galaxy.2019MNRAS.486.5349Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/486/5349CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/486/5349https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/486/5349http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/486/5349https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/486/5349https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/486/5349http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/486/5349GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/486/5349/tableb1a (Abundances catalogue for 202 red giant branch and clump stars along the minor bulge axis at latitude b=-5{deg})https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/486/5349/tableb1a?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/486/5349/tableb1a?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/486/5349/tableb1a?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true271.793-31.06610.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/486/5349/tableb1b (Abundances catalogue for 315 red giant branch and clump stars along the minor bulge axis at latitude b=-7.5{deg})https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/486/5349/tableb1b?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/486/5349/tableb1b?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/486/5349/tableb1b?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true274.426-32.30620.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/486/5349/tableb1c (Abundances catalogue for 300 red giant branch and clump stars along the minor bulge axis at latitude b=-10{deg})https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/486/5349/tableb1c?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/486/5349/tableb1c?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/486/5349/tableb1c?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true276.8787-34.42290.0055555555555555565/7186 6/28703 28726-28727 28732-28733 28737 28739-28742 28750 28768-28770 28776 47851 47854-47855https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/486/5349?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/MNRAS/486/5349/tableb1aAbundances catalogue for 202 red giant branch and clump stars along the minor bulge axis at latitude b=-5{deg}recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainTeffEffective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectivedoublee_TeffError on TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectivedoubleloggSurface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravitydoublee_loggError on logglog(cm.s**-2)stat.errordouble[Fe/H]Iron to hydrogen abundance ratiophys.abund.Fe;arith.ratiodoublee_[Fe/H]Error on [Fe/H]stat.error;phys.abund.Fedouble[Na/Fe]? Na to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Na/Fe]? Error on [Na/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Al/Fe]? Al to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Al/Fe]? Error on [Al/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Sc/Fe]? Sc to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Sc/Fe]? Error on [Sc/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Cr/Fe]? Cr to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Cr/Fe]? Error on [Cr/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Mn/Fe]? Mn to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Eu/Fe]? Error on [Eu/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullableID2MASS source identifier (HHMMSSSS+DDMMSSS)meta.id;meta.mainchare_[Mn/Fe]? Error on [Mn/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Co/Fe]? Co to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Co/Fe]? Error on [Co/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Ni/Fe]? Ni to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Ni/Fe]? Error on [Ni/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Cu/Fe]? Cu to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Cu/Fe]? Error on [Cu/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Zr/Fe]? Zr to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Zr/Fe]? Error on [Zr/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[La/Fe]? La to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[La/Fe]? Error on [La/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Ce/Fe]? Ce to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Ce/Fe]? Error on [Ce/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Nd/Fe]? Nd to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Nd/Fe]? Error on [Nd/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Eu/Fe]? Eu to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullableJ/MNRAS/486/5349/tableb1bAbundances catalogue for 315 red giant branch and clump stars along the minor bulge axis at latitude b=-7.5{deg}e_[Ce/Fe]? Error on [Ce/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar[Ni/Fe]Ni to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddouble[Nd/Fe]? Nd to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Nd/Fe]? Error on [Nd/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Eu/Fe]? Eu to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Eu/Fe]? Error on [Eu/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintID2MASS source identifier (HHMMSSSS+DDMMSSS)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainTeffEffective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectivedoublee_TeffError on Teff3Kstat.error;phys.temperature.effectivedoubleloggSurface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravitydoublee_loggError on logg3log(cm.s**-2)stat.errordouble[Fe/H]Iron to hydrogen abundance ratiophys.abund.Fe;arith.ratiodoublee_[Fe/H]Error on [Fe/H]stat.error;phys.abund.Fedouble[Na/Fe]? Na to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Na/Fe]? Error on [Na/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Al/Fe]? Al to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Al/Fe]? Error on [Al/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Sc/Fe]? Sc to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Sc/Fe]? Error on [Sc/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Cr/Fe]? Cr to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Cr/Fe]? Error on [Cr/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Mn/Fe]? Mn to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Mn/Fe]? Error on [Mn/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Co/Fe]? Co to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Co/Fe]? Error on [Co/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullablee_[Ni/Fe]Error on [Ni/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddouble[Cu/Fe]? Cu to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Cu/Fe]? Error on [Cu/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Zr/Fe]? Zr to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Zr/Fe]? Error on [Zr/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[La/Fe]? La to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[La/Fe]? Error on [La/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Ce/Fe]? Ce to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullableJ/MNRAS/486/5349/tableb1cAbundances catalogue for 300 red giant branch and clump stars along the minor bulge axis at latitude b=-10{deg}e_[Ni/Fe]? Error on [Ni/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainTeffEffective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectivedoublee_TeffError on TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectivedoubleloggSurface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravitydoublee_loggError on logglog(cm.s**-2)stat.errordouble[Fe/H]Iron to hydrogen abundance ratiophys.abund.Fe;arith.ratiodoublee_[Fe/H]Error on [Fe/H]stat.error;phys.abund.Fedouble[Na/Fe]? Na to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Na/Fe]? Error on [Na/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Al/Fe]? Al to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Al/Fe]? Error on [Al/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Sc/Fe]? Sc to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Sc/Fe]? Error on [Sc/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Cr/Fe]? Cr to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Cr/Fe]? Error on [Cr/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Mn/Fe]? Mn to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Mn/Fe]? Error on [Mn/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Co/Fe]? Co to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Co/Fe]? Error on [Co/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint[Ni/Fe]? Ni to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullable[Cu/Fe]? Cu to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Cu/Fe]? Error on [Cu/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Zr/Fe]? Zr to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Zr/Fe]? Error on [Zr/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[La/Fe]? La to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[La/Fe]? Error on [La/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Ce/Fe]? Ce to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Ce/Fe]? Error on [Ce/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Nd/Fe]? Nd to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Nd/Fe]? Error on [Nd/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullable[Eu/Fe]? Eu to iron abundance ratiophys.abunddoublenullablee_[Eu/Fe]? Error on [Eu/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullableID2MASS source identifier (HHMMSSSS+DDMMSSS)meta.id;meta.maincharJ/MNRAS/486/5349/tableb2Lines and atomic data used to derive abundance ratios in this workrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSpeciesLines used to derive abundance ratiosmeta.id;spect.linecharlambdaWavelenght ({AA})0.1nmem.wldoubleloggfLogarithm of oscillator strengthphys.atmol.oscStrengthfloatEPExcitation potentialeVphys.atmol.excitationfloat