J/ApJS/277/62ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/277/62doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/bb-8n-1yCDSNakano S.Tachihara K.Tamashiro M.2026-08-03T07:26:19Z2026-02-17T13:55:55ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmagellanic-cloudsradial-velocityproper-motionsphotometryvisible-astronomygiant-starsWe present identifications and kinematic analysis of 7426 massive (>=8M_{sun}_) stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), using Gaia DR3 data. We used the Gaia (G_BP_-G_RP,G_) color-magnitude diagram to select the population of massive stars, and parallax to omit foreground objects. The spatial distribution of the 7426 massive star candidates is generally consistent with the spatial distribution of the interstellar medium, such as H{alpha} and HI emission. The identified massive stars show inhomogeneous distributions over the galaxy, showing several superstructures formed by massive stars with a several hundred parsec scale. The stellar superstructures defined by the surface density have opposite mean proper motions in the east and west, moving away from each other. Similarly, the mean line-of-sight velocities of the superstructures are larger to the southeast and smaller to the northwest. The different east-west properties of the superstructures' proper-motion, line-of-sight velocity indicate that the SMC is being stretched by tidal forces and/or ram pressure from the Large Magellanic Cloud to the southeast, thereby rejecting the presence of galactic rotation in the SMC.2025ApJS..277...62Nhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/277/62CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/357 : Gaia DR3 Part 3. Non-single stars (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)J/AJ/98/1305 : Stellar content of NGC 346 (Massey+, 1989)J/ApJS/101/41 : SMC and Bridge extended catalog (Bica+ 1995)J/MNRAS/339/105 : Western Magellanic Bridge HI observations (Muller+, 2003)J/MNRAS/353/601 : 2dF survey of the Small Magellanic Cloud (Evans+, 2004)J/A+A/456/623 : VLT-FLAMES survey of massive stars (Evans+, 2006)J/MNRAS/386/826 : Radial velocities of SMC massive stars (Evans+, 2008)J/AJ/140/416 : IR photometry of massive stars in the SMC (Bonanos+, 2010)J/AJ/146/62 : HERschel HERITAGE in Magellanic Clouds (Meixner+, 2013)J/MNRAS/442/1680 : Red giants in SMC. Abundances (Dobbie+, 2014)J/MNRAS/442/1663 : Velocities of red giants in the SMC (Dobbie+, 2014)J/AcA/65/297 : OGLE4 LMC and SMC Cepheids (Soszynski+, 2015)J/ApJS/224/21 : VMC survey. XIX. Classical Cepheids in SMC (Ripepi+, 2016)J/MNRAS/472/808 : YJKs light curves of SMC Classical Cepheids (Ripepi+, 2017)J/A+A/616/A12 : Gaia DR2 sources in GC and dSph (Gaia Collaboration+, 2018)J/MNRAS/473/3131 : VMC survey. XXVI. SMC RR Lyrae stars (Muraveva+, 2018)J/ApJ/863/181 : The fifth catalog of LMC Wolf-Rayet stars (Neugent+, 2018)J/ApJ/867/L8 : Gaia data of runaway & field OB stars in SMC (Oey+, 2018)J/ApJ/858/31 : VMC survey. XXIX. Star formation in the SMC (Sun+, 2018)J/ApJ/887/267 : OB stars embedded in the HI gas of SMC (Murray+, 2019)J/AJ/159/82 : Extended objects in Magellanic clouds (Bica+, 2020)J/MNRAS/495/98 : Tidal scars of the Small Magellanic Cloud (De Leo+, 2020)J/A+A/649/A7 : MC structure and properties (Gaia Collaboration+, 2021)J/MNRAS/502/2859 : The VMC survey XLI - PMs within the SMC (Niederhofer+, 2021)J/A+A/649/A3 : Gaia EDR3 photometric passbands (Riello+, 2021)J/MNRAS/504/2983 : Reddening of SMC red clump stars (Tatton+, 2021)J/ApJ/949/63 : CO survey toward SMC north with ACA. II. (Ohno+, 2023)J/AJ/168/255 : U-SMAC II. FUV cat. of sources detected in SMC (Hota+, 2024)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/277/62https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/277/62http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/277/62https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/277/62https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/277/62http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/277/62GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/277/62/table1 (Catalog of 7426 massive star candidates in the SMC)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/277/62/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/277/62/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/277/62/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true6.85023967649-75.927708917510.0055555555555555565/8237 8239 8248-8250 8322-8326 8328-8329 8332 6/32927 32953-32955 32969-32972 32974-32975 33004 33006 33283 33285-33287 33308 33310-33311 33321-33326 33332-33334 33336-33337 33339 33344-33346 33350 33352 33354 33376 33410 33412-33414 33417-33418 334201.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/277/62?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJS/277/62/table1Catalog of 7426 massive star candidates in the SMCrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeq[0/7425] Unique identifier assigned to each entry in the catalogmeta.idintGaiaDR3The source id of Gaia DR3meta.id;meta.mainRAJ2000[0.4/44.4] Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-76/-69] Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGmag[9.3/17.8] Gaia G band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optdoublee_Gmag[0.0027/0.02] Error of the G band magnitudemagstat.error;phot.mag;em.optdoubleGBPmag[9.6/18] Gaia BP band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bdoublee_GBPmag[0.002/0.21] Error of the GBP band magnitudemagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.BdoubleGRPmag[8.78/18.2] Gaia RP band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rdoublee_GRPmag[0.003/0.2] Error of the GRP band magnitudemagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.Rdoubleplx[-6/0.1] Parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plx[0.009/0.7] Error of the parallaxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharpmRA[-10/36] Proper motion in Right Ascensionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmRA[0.01/1] Error of the pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-7.4/21] Proper motion in Declinationmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDE[0.01/0.8] Error of the pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatPM2scIndicates a proper motion 2 sigma clipped sample (see Section 4.1)meta.codecharpmRAin[-10.7/35.2] The pmRA in the SMC Rest Frame (see Section 4.1)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDEin[-6.1/21.6] The pmDE in the SMC Rest Frame (see Section 4.1)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatRVel[-134/515]? Radial velocity in the Solar system barycentric reference frame (1)km/sphys.veloc;pos.barycenterfloatnullablee_RVel[0.4/12.3]? Error of the radial velocitykm/sstat.error;phys.veloc;pos.barycenterfloatnullableSstr[0/8]? Indicates a part of nine superstructures (see Section 5.1) (2)meta.id.parentintnullableB10-1Indicates matching B10 object within a cross-match radius of 1"meta.codecharB10-0.5Indicates matching B10 object within a cross-match radius of 0.5"meta.codecharB10NameName of the cross-matched B10 (Bonanos+ 2010, J/AJ/140/416) object if anymeta.id.crosscharB10Name2Name of a second cross-matched B10 object for the single massive star candidate (3 cases)meta.id.crosscharB10SpTSpectral type classification of the cross-matched B10 objectsrc.spTypecharB10SpT2Spectral type classification of the second cross-matched B10 objectsrc.spTypechar