J/ApJS/273/8ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/273/8doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22730008CDSHan H.Wang S.Zheng C.Li X.Xiao K.Liu J.2025-02-27T20:14:49Z2025-01-10T11:34:36ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frx-ray-sourcesmetallicitystellar-distancestellar-radiivisible-astronomylate-type-starsUsing the homogeneous X-ray catalog from ROSAT observations, we conducted a comprehensive investigation into stellar X-ray activity-rotation relations for both single and binary stars. Generally, the relation for single stars consists of two distinct regions: a weak decay region, indicating a continued dependence of the magnetic dynamo on stellar rotation rather than a saturation regime with constant activity, and a rapid decay region, where X-ray activity is strongly correlated with the Rossby number. Detailed analysis reveals more fine structures within the relation: in the extremely fast-rotating regime, a decrease in X-ray activity was observed with increasing rotation rate, referred to as supersaturation, while in the extremely slow-rotating region, the relation flattens, mainly due to the scattering of F stars. This scattering may result from intrinsic variability in stellar activities over one stellar cycle or the presence of different dynamo mechanisms. Binaries exhibit a similar relation to that of single stars while the limited sample size prevented the identification of fine structures in the relation for binaries. We calculated the mass-loss rates of planetary atmospheres triggered by X-ray emissions from host stars. Our findings indicate that for an Earthlike planet within the stellar habitable zone, it would easily lose its entire primordial H/He envelope (equating to about 1% of the planetary mass).2024ApJS..273....8Hhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/273/8CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/gcvs : General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+, 2007-2017)IX/10 : ROSAT All-Sky Bright Source Catalogue (1RXS) (Voges+ 1999)II/360 : Gaia DR2 x AllWISE catalogue (Marton+, 2019)IV/38 : TESS Input Catalog - v8.0 (TIC-8) (Stassun+, 2019)V/156 : LAMOST DR7 catalogs (Luo+, 2019)I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)III/284 : APOGEE-2 data from DR16 (Johnsson+, 2020)I/352 : Distances to 1.47 billion stars in Gaia EDR3 (Bailer-Jones+, 2021)VII/291 : GLADE+ (Galaxy List for the Advanced Detector Era) (Dalya+, 2022)I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)J/ApJ/574/258 : X-ray-emitting young stars in Orion (Feigelson+, 2002)J/A+A/397/147 : Activity-rotation relationship in stars (Pizzolato+ 2003)J/ApJ/687/1264 : Age estimation for solar-type dwarfs (Mamajek+, 2008)J/ApJ/743/48 : Stars with rot. periods & X-ray luminosities (Wright+, 2011)J/MNRAS/432/1203 : Rotation periods of M-dwarf stars (McQuillan+, 2013)J/ApJS/213/9 : Catalina Surveys periodic variable stars (Drake+, 2014)J/ApJS/211/24 : Rotation periods of Kepler MS stars (McQuillan+, 2014)J/ApJ/806/183 : Planet radii of Kepler Object of Interest (Wolfgang+, 2015)J/A+A/588/A103 : 2nd ROSAT all-sky survey (2RXS) source cat. (Boller+, 2016)J/MNRAS/458/3479 : SVM selection of WISE YSO Candidates (Marton+, 2016)J/AcA/66/405 : Gal. bulge eclipsing & ellipsoidal bin. (Soszynski+, 2016)J/ApJS/224/40 : Catalog of Chandra ACIS point like sources (Wang+, 2016)J/ApJ/834/85 : H{alpha} emission in nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2017)J/ApJS/237/28 : WISE catalog of periodic variable stars (Chen+, 2018)J/MNRAS/477/4641 : LAMOST DR5 White dwarf-main sequence binaries (Ren+, 2018)J/MNRAS/473/4937 : AllWISE ctp to ROSAT/2RXS & XMMSLEW2 cat. (Salvato+, 2018)J/A+A/628/A41 : KIC stars in Kepler/XMM-Newton (Pizzocaro+, 2019)J/ApJS/244/21 : Surface rot. & activity of Kepler stars. I. (Santos+, 2019)J/ApJS/249/18 : The ZTF catalog of periodic variable stars (Chen+, 2020)J/other/NatAs/4.03 : Rotation and activity across HR diagram (Lehtinen+, 2020)J/other/NatAs/4.658 : Rotation and activity across HR diagram (Lehtinen+, 2020)J/ApJ/905/38 : WD binary pathways survey. V. Gaia WD+AFGK (Ren+, 2020)J/ApJ/902/114 : X-ray activity. I. Chandra, Gaia & GALEX (Wang+, 2020)J/ApJS/255/17 : Surface rot. & activity for Kepler. II. (Santos+, 2021)J/ApJS/258/16 : TESS Eclipsing Binary stars. I. Sectors 1-26 (Prsa+, 2022)J/ApJS/258/26 : Spectroscopic binaries from LAMOST MRS. I. (Zhang+, 2022)J/ApJS/264/12 : Chromospheric activities from LAMOST and K2 (Han+, 2023)J/A+A/674/A21 : KYSO - The Konkoly Optical YSO catalogue (Marton+, 2023)J/A+A/684/A121 : SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey coronal content (Freund+, 2024)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/273/8https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/273/8http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/273/8https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/273/8https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/273/8http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/273/8GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/273/8/sample (Stellar parameters (Table 1) and derived parameters (Table 2) of each target in our sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/273/8/sample?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/273/8/sample?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/273/8/sample?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true45.540908890.770530.0055555555555555565/784 6/1 55 64 69-70 125 129 148 172 195 211 231 238 258 261 299 303 311 316 318 332 338 342 344 350-351 362 367 374 385-386 398 401 405 420 427 450 453-454 458-460 464 466-467 472-474 484 496 518 545 548 606 659 664 700 760-761 765 772 795 797 819 861-862 867 869 873-874 893 922 946 964 968 972 974-975 992 1031 1036 1038 1042-1043 1045 1048 1050-1052 1057-1058 1069 1072 1078 1081 1097 1118-1119 1136 1139 1154 1158-1159 1165 1168-1170 1182 1190 1200 1205 1212-1213 1242 1245 1253 1255 1257 1264 1279 1290 1293 1311 1319 1333 1344-1345 1354 1363 1371 1374 1382 1411-1412 1420 1422 1425 1440 1464 1467 1478 1505 1529-1530 1539 1542 1544 1548-1549 1555-1556 1569 1591-1592 1595-1596 1605 1613 1616 1620 1627 1630 1649 1655 1657 1659 1661 1674 1686 1696 1710 1712 1722 1745 1759 1771 1775 1778 1783 1786 1799-1801 1806 1819 1843 1851 1855 1857 1862 1880 1890 1893 1901 1937-1938 1941 1953 1961 1964-1965 1990 2000 2054 2093 2098 2101 2108 2110 2167 2186 2190 2220 2223 2226 2229 2236 2257-2258 2260 2269 2294 2321 2352 2386 2388 2425-2426 2443 2461 2470 2472 2476 2484 2554 2566 2571 2574 2594 2601 2616 2621 2626 2629-2630 2639 2642 2644 2646 2660 2669 2675 2680 2686 2711 2718 2723 2742 2755 2760 2792-2793 2804 2809 2829 2840 2937 2954 2974 2997 3075 3079 3087 3093 3095 3097 3101 3109 3112 3119 3126 3177 3205 3216 3230 3301 3307 3331 3364 3483 3811 3878 4099 4108 4121 4123 4125 4127 4161 4176 4235 4241 4248 4260 4274 4277 4293 4295 4317 4364 4400 4427 4478 4489 4500 4510 4549 4555 4570 4573 4580 4582 4585 4592 4596 4603 4619 4658 4665 4669 4682 4695 4698 4711 4719-4720 4722 4733 4747 4751 4760 4770 4777 4780 4782 4786 4794 4798-4799 4817 4820 4845 4854 4859 4863 4902 4951 4954 4957 4974 4982 4986 4998 5034 5047 5070 5081 5086 5101 5110-5111 5114 5134 5159 5169 5192 5201 5214-5215 5218 5224 5232 5243-5244 5258 5262 5268 5270 5287 5308 5319 5331 5333-5334 5342-5343 5355 5368-5369 5378 5380 5399 5438 5450 5457-5458 5512 5515 5533 5537 5548 5552 5592 5607 5638 5641 5643 5646 5651 5670 5714 5716 5724 5739 5758-5759 5772 5779 5788 5802 5814 5818-5819 5823 5833 5838 5841 5849-5850 5862 5868 5883 5900 5907 5928 5931 5936 5950 5958 5981 5984 5990 5999 6005 6015 6044 6065-6066 6069 6071 6073 6081 6083 6114 6155 6158 6160 6177 6183 6189 6193-6194 6198-6199 6209 6222-6223 6225 6238 6244 6259 6268 6279 6285 6295 6300 6303 6312 6316 6336 6349 6363 6366 6370-6372 6375 6387 6389 6403 6406 6442 6446 6456 6499 6511 6523 6545 6561 6584 6596 6599 6608 6631 6647 6649 6678 6684 6691 6718 6733 6737 6757-6758 6773-6774 6780 6814 6839 6850 6868 6880 6887 6896 6913 6920 6924-6925 6930 6947 6952 6958 6962 6972 6983 6986 7023 7047 7065 7081 7100 7107 7141 7175 7191 7195 7198 7209 7218-7219 7247 7269 7272 7294 7312 7315 7328-7329 7331 7342 7364 7373 7377 7428 7435 7456-7457 7466 7686 7689 7694 7713 7743 7751 7928 7972 8120 8220-8221 8289 8293 8300 8302 8315 8331 8397-8398 8441 8450 8468 8476 8503 8510 8526 8548 8558 8560 8562 8575 8605 8612 8616 8624 8652 8696 8726 8733-8734 8739 8741 8757-8758 8760 8775 8780 8786 8803 8833 8836 8883 8902 8929 8951 8961 8966 8986 9004 9006 9019 9024 9034 9042 9058 9062 9117 9127 9129 9142 9155 9168 9185 9187 9194 9201 9203 9221 9254 9311 9328 9333 9343 9345 9352 9365 9376 9387-9388 9395 9397 9440 9449 9451 9454 9462 9466 9473 9475 9485 9491 9494 9497 9505 9507 9559 9572 9574 9576 9587-9588 9604 9606 9617 9621 9623 9631-9632 9642 9666 9672 9674 9676 9678 9680 9683 9686 9696 9699 9703 9705 9722 9751 9770 9790 9797 9810 9819 9821 9835 9839 9841 9849 9852 9857 9871 9874 9896 9902 9905 9909 9921 9923 9938 9948 9955 9962 9965 9967 9973 9975-9976 9979 10003 10024 10026 10033 10038 10055 10064 10070-10071 10076 10078-10079 10081 10083 10086 10088 10093-10094 10096 10103-10105 10109 10121-10122 10145 10151 10155 10162 10168 10170 10176 10181-10183 10188 10190-10191 10198 10221 10226 10287 10294 10314 10316 10318 10327 10333 10335 10341 10345 10356 10369 10381-10382 10395 10412-10413 10420 10424 10429 10436 10448 10460 10463 10484 10490-10491 10496 10504 10516-10517 10520 10523 10535 10548 10558 10575 10579 10585 10587 10617 10619 10622 10634 10666 10677 10688 10695 10705 10707-10708 10713 10717-10718 10721 10726 10750 10798 10808 10824 10827 10834 10864 10866 10911-10912 10923 10934 10946 10960 10963 10969 10974 10980 10999 11015 11018 11030 11063 11072 11078 11081-11082 11098 11110 11112 11121 11126-11127 11167 11188 11190-11191 11198 11205 11208 11210 11214 11232 11275 11277 11291 11294-11295 11299 11314 11317 11322 11333 11336-11338 11345 11351-11352 11355 11364 11367-11368 11376 11382 11397 11400 11406 11416 11419 11471 11491 11524 11531 11537 11589 11598-11599 11604 11607 11615 11623 11632 11742-11743 11778 12023 12275 12295 12311 12358 12377 12387 12389 12400 12428 12454 12504 12532 12540 12553 12617 12626 12693-12694 12708 12710 12885 13001 13100 13118 13297 13329 13336 13338 13354 13415 13432 13434 13444 13450 13460 13475 13527 13541 13551 13557 13568 13611 13617 13630 13653 13663 13672 13674 13684 13687 13714 13725 13748-13749 13755 13830 13833 13862 13871 13879 13885 13897 13969 14031 14085 14087 14129 14154 14260 14284 14312 14386 14429 14580 14591 14594 14620 14659 14668 14671 14681 14692 14705-14706 14733-14734 14757-14758 14763 14767 14773-14774 14779 14781-14782 14790 14792 14794 14815 14817 14821 14824 14826 14828 14858 14873 14879 14900 14919 14921 14923 14929 14932-14933 14937 14941 14945 14948 14954 14956-14957 14961 14974 14979 14990 14996 15027 15031 15044 15055 15059 15065 15084 15102 15107 15113-15114 15118 15122 15125 15129 15132 15134 15137 15139 15142 15148-15149 15151-15152 15154 15156 15160-15161 15168 15172 15177-15178 15220 15232 15257 15261-15262 15270 15275 15279 15282 15284 15292-15293 15303 15321-15322 15326 15332 15339 15355 15357 15472 15603 15686 15773 15865 15877 15912 15933 15994 16022 16031 16046-16047 16074 16093 16267 16645 16982 17600 17645 17662 17753 17815 17822 17831 17848 17860 18007 18019 18036 18040 18043-18044 18073 18092 18098 18107 18141 18149 18153 18176 18203 18232 18234 18253 18270 18282 18295 18304 18306 18309 18312 18320-18321 18332 18334 18340-18341 18343 18348 18350 18361 18365 18374 18422 18424 18431 18571 18671 18751 18788 18796 18803 18835 18870 18892 18929 18938-18939 18977 18980 19065 19144 19146 19150 19156-19157 19164 19214 19230-19231 19246 19265-19266 19338 19342 19360 19374 19409 19459 19467 19472 19481 19515 19521 19556 19561 19566 19583 19599 19653 19658 19684 19702 19718 19782 19791 19800 19816 19819 19908 19934 19948 19951 19955 19963 19966 20002 20005 20064 20069 20091 20134 20149 20158 20162 20166 20174 20181 20220 20247 20252-20253 20311 20348 20362 20376 20384 20389 20392 20397 20399 20416 20419 20427 20438 20455 21425 21428 21441 21446 21455-21456 21462 21467 21470 21487 21492 21500-21501 21694 21710 21765 21775 21778 21808 21834 21846 21851 21853 21882 21884 21907 21926 21963 21965 21971 21986 22007 22030 22061 22066 22097 22108 22110 22120 22140 22149 22152 22155 22162 22193 22200 22204-22205 22212 22222 22232 22240-22242 22263 22277 22279 22285 22298 22306 22345 22360 22405 22408 22426 22439 22441 22445 22455 22458 22460-22461 22746 22758 22782 22788 22801 22804 22808 22811 22813 22837 22849 22852 22854-22855 22857-22862 22873-22874 22876-22877 22880-22882 22884-22885 22893-22895 22897 22904 22906-22907 22911 22937 22945 22949 22966 22993 23007 23029-23030 23050 23064 23071 23075 23078 23080 23111-23112 23155 23157 23165 23187 23222 23262 23302 23313 23324 23346 23370-23371 23386 23399 23407 23412 23414 23444 23451 23464 23472 23477 23490 23498 23500-23501 23504 23507 23519 23527-23528 23537 23545 23549 23551 23553 23555 23560 23565 23576 23585 23587 23593 23596 23602 23621 23636 23639 23655 23658 23660 23682 23684 23686 23695-23696 23701 23704-23706 23717 23728 23730 23738-23740 23743 23747 23751 23754 23757 23760-23761 23764-23766 23778 23783 23793 23796 23820 23839 23845 23857 23864 23872 23896 23903 23906 23915-23916 23934 23937 23940 23980 23983 23991 23993 23996 24001 24005 24007 24015 24018 24032 24039-24040 24045 24089 24109 24117 24121 24125 24127-24129 24131 24138 24157 24159 24177 24183 24190-24192 24201-24202 24205-24207 24219 24222 24229 24232-24233 24236-24237 24242 24254 24261 24272 24276 24281-24282 24299-24300 24327-24328 24334 24336 24341 24354-24355 24360 24365 24371 24376 24386 24396 24403 24464 24473 24476 24482 24487 24509 24518 24529 24531 24558 24562 24566 24570 24574 25599 25720 25725 25757 25784 25807 25835 25841 25851 25922 25930 25932 25948 25986 25990 26011 26015 26022 26067 26092 26142 26188 26191 26215 26231 26270 26291 26294 26317 26340 26343 26377 26382 26390 26394 26419 26435 26445 26478 26495 26524 26560 26605 26741 26815 26834 26866 26895 26905 26919-26921 26950 26976 26994 27003 27005 27014 27037 27079 27081 27092 27094 27108 27111 27121-27122 27165 27167 27172 27174 27192 27195 27201 27207 27229 27249 27256 27275 27279 27311 27320 27326 27338-27339 27388 27438 27446 27460 27481 27510 27522 27553 27575 27602 27609 27612 27632 27658 27661 27706 27738 27745 27748 27753 27762 27770 27775 27787 27816 27834 27848 27872 27889-27890 27937 27951 27956 27964-27965 27989 28011 28013 28018 28020 28031 28046 28060 28080 28087 28094 28103 28114 28123 28137 28143 28178 28180 28183 28186 28245 28256 28268 28271 28292 28337-28338 28368 28386 28417 28420 28437 28481 28483 28510 28528 28541 28550 28556 28575 28599 28625 28629 28642-28643 28645-28646 29205 29226 29351 29565 30029 30141 30319 30383 30400 30410 30419 30446 30451 30544 30672 30676 30847 31095 31120 31203 31206 31313 31318 31327 31352 31397 31406 31457 31475 31498 31557 31567 31617 31629-31630 31632 31636 31674 31750 31873 31886 31899 31909 31911 31924 31978 32018 32158 32176 32260 32271 32274 32294 32300 32302 32314 32324 32332 32341 32344 32348 32361 32368 32373 32406 32414-32415 32429 32454 32462 32468 32470 32472 32474 32485 32493 32520 32526 32541 32544 32550 32554 32559 32591 32602 32626 32643 32664 32670 32695 32703 32741 33027-33028 33044 33100 33235 33837 34243 36343 36536 36726 36805 36809 36821 36836 37006 37025 37036-37037 37039 37051 37385-37387 37442 37505 39852 39894 40690 40921 40924 40937 40942 42955 42959 42980-42981 42991 42994 43000 43002-43003 43225 44311 44317 44358 44361 44366-44367 44378 44388-44389 44400 44990 45035 45043 48031 49006https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/273/8?format=asciiX-rayOpticaldefaultJ/ApJS/273/8/sampleStellar parameters (Table 1) and derived parameters (Table 2) of each target in our sampleProt