J/ApJS/267/5ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/267/5doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22670005CDSChen J.Li Y.-B.Luo A.-L.Ma X.-X.Li S.2025-05-06T20:12:37Z2023-09-13T15:47:19ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frs-starsvisible-astronomyspectroscopysurveysinfrared-photometrychemical-abundancesIn this paper, we found 2939 S-type stars from LAMOST Data Release 10 using two machine-learning methods, and 2306 of them were reported for the first time. The main purpose of this work is to study how to divide S-type stars into intrinsic and extrinsic stars with photometric data and LAMOST spectra. Using infrared photometric data, we adopted two methods to distinguish S-type stars, i.e., the XGBoost algorithm and color-color diagrams. We trained the XGBoost model with 15 input features consisting of colors and absolute magnitudes from Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), AllWISE, AKARI, and IRAS, and found that the model trained by input features with 2MASS, AKARI, and IRAS data has the highest accuracy of 95.52%. Furthermore, using this XGBoost model, we found four color-color diagrams with six infrared color criteria to divide S-type stars, which have an accuracy of about 90%. Applying the two methods to the 2939 S-type stars, 381 (XGBoost)/336 (color-color diagrams) intrinsic and 495 (XGBoost)/82 (color-color diagrams) extrinsic stars were classified, respectively. Using these photometrically classified intrinsic and extrinsic stars, we retrained the XGBoost model with their blue and red medium-resolution spectra, and the 2939 stars were divided into 855 intrinsic and 2056 extrinsic stars from spectra with an accuracy of 94.82%. In addition, we also found the four spectral regions of ZrI (6451.6{AA}), NeII (6539.6{AA}), H{alpha} (6564.5{AA}), and FeI (6609.1{AA}) and CI (6611.4{AA}) are the most important features, which can reach an accuracy of 92.1% when using them to classify S-type stars.2023ApJS..267....5Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/267/5CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)II/297 : AKARI/IRC mid-IR all-sky Survey (ISAS/JAXA, 2010)II/338 : IRAS PSC/FSC Combined Catalogue (Abrahamyan+ 2015)V/156 : LAMOST DR7 catalogs (Luo+, 2019)III/284 : APOGEE-2 data from DR16 (Johnsson+, 2020)I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)V/155 : GDR2AP. Gaia DR2, 2MASS, AllWISE astrophys. param. (Fouesneau+, 2022)J/A+A/387/129 : IR observations of S stars (Wang+, 2002)J/ApJ/831/20 : C/O and Mg/Si for solar neighborhood's stars (Brewer+, 2016)J/A+A/601/A10 : MARCS model atmospheres for S stars (Van Eck+, 2017)J/ApJS/234/31 : Carbon stars from LAMOST using machine learning (Li+, 2018)J/AJ/158/22 : IR study of intrinsic & extrinsic S-type stars (Chen+, 2019)J/A+A/626/A127 : Barium and related stars and WD companions (Jorissen+, 2019)J/MNRAS/490/157 : Fastest stars in the Galaxy with Gaia DR2 (Marchetti+, 2019)J/A+A/633/A135 : Solar neighbourhood carbon stars properties (Abia+, 2020)J/A+A/664/A45 : Characterisation of Galactic carbon stars (Abia+, 2022)J/ApJ/931/133 : S-type stars from LAMOST MRS DR9 with Gaia DR2 (Chen+, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/267/5https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/267/5http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/267/5https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/267/5https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/267/5http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/267/5GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/267/5/table3 (2939 S-type stars in this work)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/267/5/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/267/5/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/267/5/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true77.104846948.1173520.0055555555555555564/207 5/283 321 324 327 337 355 361 365 367 406 442 448 453-454 481 491 494 726 735 747 749 755 760 783 794 812-813 815 818-819 824 833 835 840 842-843 896-897 900 904 913 3274 3300 3302 3323-3324 3326 3499-3500 3537-3538 3549-3550 3563-3564 3576 3905-3906 3912-3913 5517 5527 5530 5541 5559 5943 5985 5987 5989 5997 6000 6003 6008 6081 6083-6085 6098 6116 6120 6122 6126 7558 7561 6/324 327 336 349 357 359 371 379 383 391 405 463 472 496 877 932 952 993 1024 1033 1039 1042 1046 1054 1066 1074 1076 1079 1081 1087-1089 1094-1096 1098 1109-1110 1120 1124-1125 1129 1136-1137 1139 1146-1147 1158-1160 1169 1174 1180 1198 1204 1206 1211-1212 1219 1251 1257-1259 1277 1279-1280 1283 1292-1293 1301-1303 1307 1317 1333 1340-1341 1346-1347 1352-1354 1356-1357 1360-1362 1364 1371 1379-1382 1387 1389 1393 1412 1417-1419 1425-1426 1431-1433 1435 1438-1440 1443 1448-1450 1452-1454 1456 1458-1459 1465-1467 1494 1499 1501 1504 1514 1521 1524 1526 1539 1543 1547 1555 1563 1567 1588 1591 1600 1610 1628 1653 1659 1663 1670 1693 1698 1706 1709-1710 1713 1715-1718 1722 1725-1727 1729 1733 1737-1738 1740-1742 1745 1747 1751-1752 1757 1759-1761 1763-1764 1767 1773-1775 1780 1783 1786 1797 1808-1809 1811 1833 1835-1836 1838-1839 1841 1844 1858 1892 1898 1903 1921-1923 1930-1932 1934 1941 1943 1951 1953-1955 1957-1962 1969-1974 1981 1987-1988 1990 1993-1994 1999 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 2040 2146 2180 2282 2298 2387 2393 2397 2399 2420 2438 2444 2463 2498 2506 2518 2523 2525 2527 2535 2544 2547 2667 2683 2757 2795 2798 2806 2808 2810-2811 2813-2815 2821 2828 2846-2848 2866-2867 2869-2870 2875-2877 2888 2894 2899 2902-2903 2908 2910-2913 2920 2923 2925 2927 2930 2932-2933 2935 2937-2939 2975 2983 2987 2993-2995 3000-3002 3004-3005 3009-3010 3012 3018-3019 3025-3028 3032 3034 3044-3046 3048-3049 3051 3054-3055 3067 3073 3077 3088-3090 3093 3101-3103 3117 3123 3125-3126 3128-3129 3131 3136 3138-3142 3144 3146-3149 3157 3159 3165-3167 3170-3171 3174 3180 3182 3189-3191 3197-3199 3207 3217 3219-3220 3222-3223 3227-3229 3237 3239 3245-3247 3257-3259 3265-3267 3281 3284-3286 3289-3294 3300 3302-3305 3307-3308 3310 3331 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22259 22266 22315 22402 22404 22406-22407 22418 22420 22422 22424-22426 22428 22430 22442-22443 22453 22471 22473 22494 22833 22850 22860 22862 22867 22869 22871-22872 22895 22897 22900 22902-22903 22980 22982 22988-22989 22993 23003 23037 23122 23380-23381 23495 23505 23511 23522 23544 23547 23554 23569 23573 23585 23591 23596-23597 23620 23632-23633 23635-23636 23638-23639 23641 23645 23647 23674-23675 23678 23681 23685 23687 23692 23696 23726 23731 23737 23756-23757 23759-23762 23765-23768 23779-23780 23787 23808-23810 23816 23861 23863 23865 23868-23869 23871 23876-23877 23896-23897 23899 23905 23908 23912 23914-23915 23918-23919 23931 23939 23945 23947 23952 23954-23955 23960 23962-23964 23966-23967 23972-23973 23975 23984-23985 23987 23992 23996-23998 24004-24006 24008 24010-24011 24017-24019 24022 24024 24028 24031 24036 24039-24040 24042-24044 24048 24050-24051 24059 24063 24071 24082-24084 24086-24088 24093 24106 24128 24199 24201-24202 24230 24245-24246 24251 24269-24271 24280 24283 24286-24287 24290 24292 24297-24298 24301 24303 24305 24310 24312 24315-24318 24344-24345 24347-24348 24350-24351 24357 24368 24371-24372 24374-24377 24379 24381-24385 24388 24398 24404 24406 24411-24412 24415 24417 24424 24426 24430-24431 24441-24442 24458-24460 24462-24463 24468-24469 24476 24484 24486-24487 24492 24495 24503 24509-24510 24512-24514 24516-24517 24519-24520 24523-24525 24527-24530 24534 24536 24538-24539 24542-24546 24551 24553 24555 24557-24560 24570 24575 27500 30211-30212 30214 30216-30217 30220 30222 30226 30240-30241 30243 30256-30257 31014 31016 31018 31110 31274 31296 31368 31729 31755-31756 31759 31770 31776-31777 31779-31780 31784 31787 31798 31822 31833 31837 31839 31849 31854 31861 31863 31876 31893 31933 31935 32003 32010 32012 32014-32015 32019 32024 32026 32029-32031 32034-32037 32048-32049 32051 32053-32055 32057 32061 32096 32098 32104 32181 32184 32186 32188 32233 32250 32265 32272 32321 32561 32579 32598 32624 32626 32686 327316.6794754322138496e-21 1.7003137259100215e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/267/5?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJS/267/5/table32939 S-type stars in this workClCol[EI] Classified result from color-color diagram (I=Intrinsic S-type; E=extrinsic S-type starmeta.codecharClSp[EI] Classified result from optical spectrum (I=Intrinsic S-type; E=extrinsic S-type star)meta.codecharERV[TF] Sources with large variations in RVs (T=520 occurrences)meta.codecharDR7Display the data from LAMOST DR7 MRS (V/156) within 0.5"meta.ref.urlintnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar2MDisplay the 2MASS data (II/246) within 5"meta.ref.urlcharPapIDisplay the data from Paper I (Chen+ 2022, J/ApJ/931/133) within 0.5"meta.ref.urlintnullableAKARIDisplay the AKARI/IRC data (II/297) within 5"meta.ref.urlcharIRASDisplay the IRAS PSC/FSC data (II/338) within 5"meta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLAMOSTLAMOST DR10 designation (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-10/84] Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJmag[3/13.1]? 2MASS J band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullableHmag[1.97/13]? 2MASS H band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.HfloatnullableKsmag[1/13]? 2MASS Ks band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatnullableF9um[0.04/277]? AKARI 9um fluxJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullableF18um[0.07/204]? AKARI 18um fluxJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullableF12um[0.08/342]? IRAS 12um fluxJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullableF25um[0.04/195]? IRAS 25um fluxJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullableTypeSIMBAD main object typesrc.class;meta.maincharC/O-M[0.5/1]? Carbon to oxygen abundance ratio estimated by the MARCS S-type star modelphys.abund;arith.ratiofloatnullableC/O-A[0.37/0.98]? C/O estimated by the [C/Fe] and [O/Fe] from APOGEE DR17phys.abund;arith.ratiofloatnullableClXGB[EI] Classified result from XGBoost model (I=Intrinsic S-type; E=extrinsic S-type star)meta.codechar