J/ApJS/257/58ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/257/58doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22570058CDSDanehkar A.2022-03-21T09:23:28Z2021-12-31T10:15:45ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frplanetary-nebulaespectroscopychemical-abundancesWolf-Rayet ([WR]) and weak-emission-line (wels) central stars of planetary nebulae (PNs) have hydrogen-deficient atmospheres, whose origins are not well understood. In the present study, we have conducted plasma diagnostics and abundance analyses of 18 Galactic PNs surrounding [WR] and wels nuclei, using collisionally excited lines (CELs) and optical recombination lines (ORLs) measured with the Wide Field Spectrograph on the Australian National University 2.3m telescope at the Siding Spring Observatory complemented with optical archival data. Our plasma diagnostics imply that the electron densities and temperatures derived from CELs are correlated with the intrinsic nebular H{beta} surface brightness and excitation class, respectively. Self-consistent plasma diagnostics of heavy-element ORLs of N^2+^ and O^2+^ suggest that a small fraction of cool (<=7000K), dense (~10^4^-10^5^cm^-3^) materials may be present in some objects, though with large uncertainties. Our abundance analyses indicate that the abundance discrepancy factors (ADFs~ORLs/CELs) of O^2+^ are correlated with the dichotomies between forbidden-line and HeI temperatures. Our results likely point to the presence of a tiny fraction of cool, oxygen-rich dense clumps within diffuse warm ionized nebulae. Moreover, our elemental abundances derived from CELs are mostly consistent with asymptotic giant branch models in the range of initial masses from 1.5 to 5M_{sun}_. Further studies are necessary to understand better the origins of abundance discrepancies in PNs around [WR] and wels stars.2021ApJS..257...58Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/257/58CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/84 : Strasbourg-ESO Cat of Galactic Planetary NebulaeV/127 : MASH Catalogues of Planetary Nebulae (Parker+ 2006-2008)J/A+A/280/581 : Chemical abundances of PNe (Pasquali+, 1993)J/A+A/282/436 : Abundance gradients from disk PNs (Maciel+ 1994)J/A+A/307/215 : Spectrophotometry of PNe (Cuisinier+, 1996)J/A+AS/126/297 : PN abundances (Ratag+ 1997)J/A+A/345/629 : Abundance gradients in planetary nebulae (Maciel+, 1999)J/A+A/380/300 : Abundances of PN towards Galactic bulge (Escudero+, 2001)J/A+A/423/199 : Chemical abundances of planetary nebulae (Costa+, 2004)J/A+A/427/231 : Abundances in planetary nebulae (Gorny+, 2004)J/MNRAS/349/793 : Galactic PNe abundances (Perinotto+, 2004)J/A+A/463/265 : Chemical compositions of 48 WR planetary nebulaeJ/A+A/494/591 : Abundances in planetary nebulae (Chiappini+, 2009)J/A+A/500/1089 : Abundances in planetary nebulae (Gorny+, 2009)J/PAZh/35/574 : He, C, N and O abundances in PNe (Milanova+, 2009)J/ApJ/724/748 : Galactic anticenter PNe and oxygen abundance (Henry+, 2010)J/ApJ/711/619 : {alpha}-element abundances in galactic PNe (Milingo+, 2010)J/ApJ/714/1096 : Galactic planetary nebulae (Stanghellini+, 2010)J/A+A/538/A54 : Spectroscopy of 12 [WC] planetary nebulaeJ/A+A/567/A12 : Chemical abundances in Galactic PNe (Garcia-Hernandez+, 2014)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/257/58https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/257/58http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/257/58https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/257/58https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/257/58http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/257/58GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/257/58/table1 (Journal of the ANU observations, including the stellar characteristics)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/257/58/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/257/58/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/257/58/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true153.31625-50.3330830.0055555555555555566/28723 28906 29056-29057 29092 29094 29134 29254 29266 29451 38028 38075 41470 41674 41920 42044 42872 47711https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/257/58?format=asciidefaultJ/ApJS/257/58/table1Journal of the ANU observations, including the stellar characteristicsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharPNGPNG name (PNGLLL.l+BB.b)meta.idcharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainSpTypeSpectral typesrc.spTypecharr_SpTypeReference for SpType (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharTeffEffective temperaturekKphys.temperature.effectiveintn_Teff[a] Note on Teff (2)meta.notecharr_TeffReference for Teff (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharAper1Aperturearcsecphys.angSize;instr.fovintAper2Aperturearcsecphys.angSize;instr.fovintExpTime1Exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintExpTime2? Exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintnullableObs.DateObservation datetime.epoch;obsnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJS/257/58/table4Observed and dereddened line fluxesMultMultiplet (H: Balmer, V: ORLs, F: CELs)phys.atmol.levelcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPNGPNG name (PNGLLL.l+BB.b)meta.idcharNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharRefReference of Observed Flux (2)meta.ref;phot.fluxcharlambdaLabLaboratory Wavelength [Angstrom]0.1nmem.wlfloatIonIonphys.atmol.ionStagecharlambdaObsObserved Wavelength [Angstrom]0.1nmem.wlfloatF(lambda)? Observed Flux (in units of F(Hb)=100)phot.flux.density;em.IR.60-100umdoublenullablen_F(lambda)[*] Blended note (1)meta.notechare_F(lambda)? Formal 1-sigma and noise of Observed Flux%stat.errorfloatnullableI(lambda)? Dereddened Intensity(in units of I(Hb)=100)spect.line.intensitydoublenullablen_I(lambda)[*] Blended note (1)meta.notechare_I(lambda)[]? Lower 90% error of Dereddened Intensity%stat.errorfloatnullableE_I(lambda)? Upper 90% error of Dereddened Intensity%stat.error;stat.maxfloatnullableLowTermLower Term of Transitionphys.atmol.termcharUpTermUpper Term of Transitionphys.atmol.termcharg1? Statistical Weight of Lower Levelstat.weight;phys.atmol.levelintnullableg2? Statistical Weight of Upper Levelstat.weight;phys.atmol.levelintnullablen_g2[*] Blended note (1)meta.notecharJ/ApJS/257/58/table6Temperatures and densities from CELsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPNGPNG name (PNGLLL.l+BB.b)meta.idcharNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharTypeType (Te, Te_rc, Ne) (1)meta.notecharIonIonphys.atmol.ionStagecharDiagnosDiagnostic Linesphys.atmolcharValueValue (Te: Temperature or Ne: Density)stat.fit.paraminte_Value[] Lower 90% error of Valuestat.error;stat.valueintE_ValueUpper 90% error of Valuestat.error;stat.maxintJ/ApJS/257/58/table7Temperatures from He I linesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPNGPNG name (PNGLLL.l+BB.b)meta.idcharNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharTypeType (Te, Te_rc, Ne) (1)meta.notecharIonIonphys.atmol.ionStagecharDiagnosDiagnostic Linesphys.atmolcharValueValue (Te: Temperature or Ne: Density)stat.fit.paraminte_Value[] Lower 90% error of Valuestat.error;stat.valueintE_ValueUpper 90% error of Valuestat.error;stat.maxintJ/ApJS/257/58/table8Temperatures and densities from ORLsNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharDiagnosDiagnostic Linesphys.atmolcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPNGPNG name (PNGLLL.l+BB.b)meta.idcharTypeType (Te, Te_rc, Ne) (1)meta.notecharIonIonphys.atmol.ionStagecharValueValue (Te: Temperature or Ne: Density)stat.fit.paraminte_Value[] Lower 90% error of Valuestat.error;stat.valueintE_ValueUpper 90% error of Valuestat.error;stat.maxintJ/ApJS/257/58/table11Ionic abundances derived from CELsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPNGPNG name (PNGLLL.l+BB.b)meta.idcharNameName (1)meta.id;meta.maincharIonIonphys.atmol.ionStagecharLineLinemeta.id;spect.linecharlambdaLabLaboratory Wavelength (Angstroem)0.1nmem.wlfloatWghtWeight used for Mean Abundancephys.atmol.weightintAbundAbundances relative to Hydrogenphys.abunddoublee_Abund[] Lower 90% error of Abundancesstat.errordoubleE_AbundUpper 90% error of Abundancesstat.error;stat.maxdoubleJ/ApJS/257/58/table12Ionic abundances derived from ORLsLineLinemeta.id;spect.linecharNameName (1)meta.id;meta.maincharIonIonphys.atmol.ionStagecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPNGPNG name (PNGLLL.l+BB.b)meta.idcharlambdaLabLaboratory Wavelength (Angstroem)0.1nmem.wlfloatWghtWeight used for Mean Abundancephys.atmol.weightintAbundAbundances relative to Hydrogenphys.abunddoublee_Abund[] Lower 90% error of Abundancesstat.errordoubleE_AbundUpper 90% error of Abundancesstat.error;stat.maxdoubleJ/ApJS/257/58/table13Mean ionic and total abundancesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPNGPNG name (PNGLLL.l+BB.b)meta.idcharNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharIonIon (Mean ionic, total, icf)phys.atmol.ionStagecharTypeType (ORL, CEL)meta.notecharicfRefReferences for icf formulas (1)meta.refcharAbundAbundances relative to Hydrogenphys.abunddoublee_Abund[] Lower 90% error of Abundancesstat.errordoubleE_AbundUpper 90% error of Abundancesstat.error;stat.maxdouble