J/ApJS/257/39ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/257/39doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22570039CDSChen J.L.Zhang J.S.Henkel C.Yan Y.T.Yu H.Z.Qiu J.J.Tang X.D.,Wang J.Liu W.Wang Y.X.Zheng Y.H.Zhao J.Y.Zou Y.P.2022-06-13T13:30:46Z2022-04-05T14:29:12ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmolecular-physicsinterstellar-mediumradio-astronomymilky-way-galaxyOur aim is to measure the interstellar ^14^N/^15^N ratio across the Galaxy, to establish a standard data set on interstellar ammonia isotope ratios, and to provide new constraints on the Galactic chemical evolution. The (J,K)=(1,1), (2,2), and (3,3) lines of ^14^NH_3_ and ^15^NH_3_ were observed with the Shanghai Tianma 65m radio telescope (TMRT) and the Effelsberg 100m telescope toward a large sample of 210 sources. One hundred fourty-one of these sources were detected by the TMRT in ^14^NH_3_. Eight of them were also detected in ^15^NH_3_. For 10 of the 36 sources with strong NH_3_ emission, the Effelsberg 100m telescope successfully detected their ^15^NH_3_(1,1) lines, including 3 sources (G081.7522, W51D, and Orion-KL) with detections by the TMRT telescope. Thus, a total of 15 sources are detected in both the ^14^NH_3_ and ^15^NH_3_ lines. Line and physical parameters for these 15 sources are derived, including optical depths, rotation and kinetic temperatures, and total column densities. ^14^N/^15^N isotope ratios were determined from the ^14^NH_3_/^15^NH_3_ abundance ratios. The isotope ratios obtained from both telescopes agree for a given source within the uncertainties, and no dependence on heliocentric distance and kinetic temperature is seen. ^14^N/^15^N ratios tend to increase with galactocentric distance, confirming a radial nitrogen isotope gradient. This is consistent with results from recent Galactic chemical model calculations, including the impact of superasymptotic giant branch stars and novae.2021ApJS..257...39Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/257/39CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)J/ApJ/699/1153 : Kinematic distances to GRS mol. clouds (Roman-Duval+, 2009)J/ApJS/188/123 : The Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey. II. (Rosolowsky+, 2010)J/MNRAS/418/1689 : Red MSX water maser and ammonia emissions (Urquhart+, 2011)J/MNRAS/430/1125 : RMS survey: NIR spectroscopy of massive YSOs (Cooper+, 2013)J/ApJ/764/61 : H2O maser & NH_3_ survey of GLIMPSE EGOs (Cyganowski+, 2013)J/ApJ/778/96 : Spitzer and NEWFIRM observations of NGC 6334 (Willis+, 2013)J/ApJ/783/130 : Parallaxes of high mass star forming regions (Reid+, 2014)J/A+A/581/A48 : 1.3cm line survey toward Orion KL (Gong+, 2015)J/MNRAS/453/645 : Molecular outflows distance-limited sample (Maud+, 2015)J/ApJS/219/28 : C^18^O/C^17^O ratios in the Galactic center (Zhang+, 2015)J/A+A/586/A50 : CMZ H2CO temperature maps (Ginsburg+, 2016)J/A+A/609/A129 : HCN, HNC and DNC spectra of 27 sources (Colzi+, 2018)J/MNRAS/478/3693 : N in Galactic high-mass star-forming cores (Colzi+, 2018)J/ApJS/234/22 : SCUBA-2 Gal. Center compact source catalog (Parsons+, 2018)J/MNRAS/473/1059 : Complete sample of Gal. clump properties (Urquhart+, 2018)J/ApJ/885/131 : ~200 high-mass SFR plx & pm with VLBI (Reid+, 2019)J/ApJ/877/154 : H_2_CO TMRT obs. of Galactic molecular clouds (Yan+, 2019)J/ApJ/899/145 : Sulfur isotopes in SFR with 12m ARO and 30m IRAM (Yu+, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/257/39https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/257/39http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/257/39https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/257/39https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/257/39http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/257/39GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/257/39/table2 (Observational parameters of the (J,K)=(1,1), (2,2) and (3,3) inversion lines of ^14^NH_3_ and ^15^NH_3_ obtained from Gaussian fits (15 unique sources))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/257/39/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/257/39/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/257/39/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true282.40125-0.7603060.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/257/39/table7 (Our source list for ^14^NH_3_ and ^15^NH_3_ observations (195 unique sources))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/257/39/table7?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/257/39/table7?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/257/39/table7?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true282.4-0.760305560.0055555555555555565/7377 7564 6/860 862 1340 1470 1783 1789 2973 3011 3061 3262 3303 3311 3649 3715 14063 14280 14287 14304 14309 14314 14317 14353-14355 14594 14604 14611 14621-14622 14643 14655 14688 14704 15362 15409 15452-15453 15473 15667 15671 15676 15681 15759 21439 21458 21510 21542 22122 22212 22805 22855 23638 23764 23795 23969 23982 24189 24320 24325 24362 24365 24499 24507 24554 28828 28830-28831 28918-28919 29090-29092 29096-29097 29101 29114 29160 29440 29463 29505 29522 29529 29532 29535 30218-30219 30244-30245 30262 30268-30269 30312 30315 30318-30319 30341 30405 30421 30423 30616-30618 30622 30644 30691 30694 30716 30719 39895 39905 40612 42456https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/257/39?format=asciiRadiodefaultJ/ApJS/257/39/table2Observational parameters of the (J,K)=(1,1), (2,2) and (3,3) inversion lines of ^14^NH_3_ and ^15^NH_3_ obtained from Gaussian fits (15 unique sources)TelTelescope code (1)meta.code;instr.telcharIDObject identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000[0/20] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainTime[11/360] Total exposure timemintime.duration;obs.exposureintMolMolecule identifiermeta.idrms[6.38/135] Root Means Square noise (2)mKmeta.notefloatIntTmbdv[0.09/245]? Integrated intensity (3)K.km/sphot.flux.densityfloatnullablee_IntTmbdv[0.01/4]? Uncertainty in IntTmbdvK.km/sstat.errorfloatnullableVLSR[-19.5/95.6]? Local Standard of Rest velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.lsrfloatnullablee_VLSR[0.01/4]? Uncertainty in VLSRkm/sstat.error;phys.veloc;pos.lsrfloatnullableDeltaV[1/13]? Line width; FWHMkm/sspect.line.widthfloatnullablee_DeltaV[0.01/9.3]? Uncertainty in DeltaVkm/sstat.errorfloatnullableTmb[0.03/15.34]? Main beam brightness peak temperatureKphys.temperature;meta.main;stat.maxfloatnullableJ/ApJS/257/39/table4Observational parameters of NH3 measured with the Shanghai Tianma 65m radio telescope (TMRT) and the Effelsberg 100m telescopeIDObject identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordinttau1_1[0.22/2.56] Peak optical depth of the (J,K)=(1,1) main group of HF components of ^14^NH_3_ from the intensity ratio methodphys.absorption.opticalDepth;meta.main;stat.maxfloate_tau1_1[0.01/0.4] tau1_1 uncertaintystat.errorfloattau2_2[0.12/5.52] Peak optical depth of the (J,K)=(2,2) main group of HF components of ^14^NH_3_ from the intensity ratio methodphys.absorption.opticalDepth;meta.main;stat.maxfloate_tau2_2[0.01/0.8] tau2_2 uncertaintystat.errorfloattau3_3[0.11/8.56]? Peak optical depth of the (J,K)=(3,3) main group of HF components of ^14^NH_3_ from the intensity ratio methodphys.absorption.opticalDepth;meta.main;stat.maxfloatnullablee_tau3_3[0.01/1]? tau3_3 uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullabletau1_1HF[0.23/3.27]? Peak optical depth of the (J,K)=(1,1) main group of HF components of ^14^NH_3_ from the HF fitting procedure provided by CLASSphys.absorption.opticalDepth;meta.main;stat.maxfloatnullablee_tau1_1HF[0.02/30.01]? tau1_1HF uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullabletau2_2HF[0.1/4.72]? Peak optical depth of the (J,K)=(2,2) main group of HF components of ^14^NH_3_ from the HF fitting procedure provided by CLASSphys.absorption.opticalDepth;meta.main;stat.maxfloatnullablee_tau2_2HF[0.03/1.1]? tau2_2HF uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullabletau3_3HF[0.1/4.3]? Peak optical depth of the (J,K)=(3,3) main group of HF components of ^14^NH_3_ from the HF fitting procedure provided by CLASSphys.absorption.opticalDepth;meta.main;stat.maxfloatnullablee_tau3_3HF[0.03/0.8]? tau3_3HF uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullableTir[14/36] Rotational temperature T_rot_^ir^ from the intensity ratio methodKphys.temperatureinte_Tir[4/22] Tir uncertaintyKstat.errorintTrd[8/46] T_rot_^rd^ from the rotation diagram methodKphys.temperatureinte_Trd[3/16] Trd uncertaintyKstat.errorintThf[10/27] T_rot_^hf^ from the improved HF fitting method (1)Kphys.temperatureinte_Thf[1/17] Thf uncertaintyKstat.errorintTk[11/40] Kinetic temperature calculated from the empirical formula displayed in Appendix B of Tafalla+ (2004A&A...416..191T)Kphys.temperatureinte_Tk[1/22] Tk uncertaintyKstat.errorintTelTelescopemeta.id;instr.telcharJ/ApJS/257/39/table5Total ^14^NH_3_ and ^15^NH_3_ column densities with and without opacity corrections and their ratiosIDObject identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTelTelescope identifiermeta.id;instr.telcharNt14NH3[2.3e+14/1.2e+16]? ^14^NH_3_ column density without opacity correctionscm**-2phys.columnDensitydoublenullableNt15NH3[4.2e+12/3.2e+14] ^15^NH_3_ column density without opacity correctionscm**-2phys.columnDensitydoubleNtc14NH3[2.5e+14/3.1e+16]? ^14^NH_3_ column density accounting for opacity effectcm**-2phys.columnDensitydoublenullableNtc15NH3[4.6e+12/6e+14] ^15^NH_3_ column density accounting for opacity effect (1)cm**-2phys.columnDensitydoubleRatio[8/321] Ratio of the column densities, ^14^NH_3_/^15^NH_3_, neglecting opacity correctionsphys.columnDensity;arith.ratiointe_Ratio[5/171] Ratio uncertaintystat.error;arith.ratiointRatioc[13/603] Opacity-corrected values of ^14^NH_3_/^15^NH_3_phys.columnDensity;arith.ratiointe_Ratioc[6/213] Ratioc uncertaintystat.errorintDist[0.21/8.4]? Heliocentric distance from the parallax-based distance calculatorkpcpos.distancefloatnullablee_Dist[0.11/1.3]? Dist uncertaintykpcstat.errorfloatnullableRgc[0.31/10.3]? Galactocentric distance from the heliocentric distancekpcpos.distance;pos.galactocentricfloatnullablee_Rgc[0.11/2]? Rgc uncertaintykpcstat.errorfloatnullableClassSource classification (2)meta.code.classcharr_ClassReferences for the classification from the literature (3)meta.ref;pos.framecharNotesNotes (4)meta.noteJ/ApJS/257/39/table7Our source list for ^14^NH_3_ and ^15^NH_3_ observations (195 unique sources)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintObsDisplay the NH3 observational parameters (Tables 2, 4 and 5)meta.ref.urlintnullableIDObject identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharTelTelescopemeta.id;instr.telcharRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainTime[1.2/360] Total exposure timemintime.duration;obs.exposurefloatf_Mol[b] Indicates a line detection in Molmeta.codecharMolMolecule identifiermeta.idrms[6/7460] Root Means Square noisemKmeta.noteintR10Display data from Rosolowsky+, 2010, J/ApJS/188/123 ; Cyganowski+, 2013, J/ApJ/764/61 and Reid+, 2014, J/ApJ/783/130/table1 within 5"meta.ref.urlintnullable