J/ApJS/227/11ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/227/11doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22270011CDSBanados E.Venemans B.P.Decarli R.Farina E.P.Mazzucchelli C.,Walter F.Fan X.Stern D.Schlafly E.Chambers K.C.Rix H.-W.,Jiang L.McGreer I.Simcoe R.Wang F.Yang J.Morganson E.,De Rosa G.Greiner J.Balokovic M.Burgett W.S.Cooper T.Draper P.W.,Flewelling H.Hodapp K.W.Jun H.D.Kaiser N.Kudritzki R.-P.,Magnier E.A.Metcalfe N.Miller D.Schindler J.-T.Tonry J.L.,Wainscoat R.J.Waters C.Yang Q.2017-06-27T06:37:44Z2017-01-31T11:40:41ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frquasarsredshiftedspectroscopyinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometryinterstellar-reddeningsurveysLuminous quasars at z>5.6 can be studied in detail with the current generation of telescopes and provide us with unique information on the first gigayear of the universe. Thus far, these studies have been statistically limited by the number of quasars known at these redshifts. Such quasars are rare, and therefore, wide-field surveys are required to identify them, and multiwavelength data are required to separate them efficiently from their main contaminants, the far more numerous cool dwarfs. In this paper, we update and extend the selection for the z~6 quasars presented in Banados+ (2014AJ....148...14B) using the Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) survey. We present the PS1 distant quasar sample, which currently consists of 124 quasars in the redshift range 5.6<~z<~6.7 that satisfy our selection criteria. Of these quasars, 77 have been discovered with PS1, and 63 of them are newly identified in this paper. We present the composite spectra of the PS1 distant quasar sample. This sample spans a factor of ~20 in luminosity and shows a variety of emission line properties. The number of quasars at z>5.6 presented in this work almost doubles the previously known quasars at these redshifts, marking a transition phase from studies of individual sources to statistical studies of the high-redshift quasar population, which was impossible with earlier, smaller samples.2016ApJS..227...11Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/227/11CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/eso : ESO Science Archive Catalog (ESO, 1991-2016)II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)II/319 : UKIDSS-DR9 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)J/ApJ/819/24 : z>4.5 QSOs with SDSS and WISE. I. Opt. spectra (Wang+, 2016)J/A+A/585/A87 : Quasar composite made from bright QSOs (Selsing+, 2016)J/ApJ/814/118 : L/T transition dwarfs search with PS1 + WISE. II. (Best+, 2015)J/ApJ/805/122 : X-ray properties of PHL1811 analogs and WLQs (Luo+, 2015)J/A+A/575/A31 : SED of QSOJ1120+064 (ULAS J112001.48+064124.3) (Barnett+, 2015)J/ApJ/768/105 : z~5 QSO luminosity function from SDSS Stripe82 (McGreer+, 2013)J/ApJ/750/99 : The Pan-STARRS1 photometric system (Tonry+, 2012)J/ApJ/747/10 : X-ray and multiwavelength properties of 11 WLQs (Wu+, 2012)J/ApJ/699/782 : High-redshift SDSS-DR5 QSOs (Diamond-Stanic+, 2009)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/227/11https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/227/11http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/227/11https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/227/11https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/227/11http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/227/11GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/227/11/table9 (Candidates spectroscopically confirmed to not be z>5.6 quasars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/227/11/table9?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/227/11/table9?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/227/11/table9?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true14.038333337.57113890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/227/11/highzqso (All z>5.6 quasars known as of 2016 March with PS1, J band, and WISE photometry)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/227/11/highzqso?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/227/11/highzqso?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/227/11/highzqso?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.340113488926.835881380.0055555555555555566/471 588 2187 2241 2584 2591 4096 4279 4339 4418 4507 4662 4831 4910 5016 5066 5440 5444 5630 5906 6083 6646 7063 7326 8499 8505 8632 8713 9373 9392 9439 9469 9831 10121 10320 10369 10456 10501 10503 10512 10642 10756 11126 11393 11440 11520 11561 11916 12099 13358 13418 13590 15029 16083 16531 16597 17068 17236 17245 17358 17362 17504 17654 17663 17668 17681 17690 17701 17743 17820 17872 17993 18031 18064 18088 18155 18181 18242 18601 18717 18742 18751 18773 18839 18858 18859 19025 19033 19036 19058 19137 19202 19217 19440 19501 19849 20116 20191 20273 20275 20421 21263 21624 21850 21872 21969 22424 22623 22742 22922 23102 23150 23210 25176 25330 25375 25400 25478 25597 25669 26239 26244 26279 26281 26282 26296 26344 26451 26524 26715 26869 26870 26972 26973 27041 27124 27440 27700 27781 28124 28144 28398 28554 30036 30039 30849 30906 31248 31318 32544 34187 34762 35304 35615 35675 35727 35790 35895 35909 35963 36007 36083 36182 36300 36321 36631 36847 40731 43895 44463 44595 44743 44747 44753 44784 44984 48313 48512 48715 48899 489741.3088508223161842e-20 1.744236614583525e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/227/11?format=asciiInfraredOpticaldefaultJ/ApJS/227/11/table1Imaging observations of quasar candidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateUT date(s) of observationtime.epoch;obscharTelTelscope/Instrumentmeta.notecharFiltFilter(s)meta.id;instr.filterExpExposure timestime.duration;obs.exposurecharJ/ApJS/227/11/table5Spectroscopic observations of the new PS1 quasars (77 unique sources)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameQuasar designation (PSO Jddd.dddd+dd.dddd)meta.id;meta.maincharDateUT date(s) of observationtime.epoch;obscharTelTelescope/Instrumentmeta.notecharExp[300/12004] Exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintSlit[0.6/1.5] Slit widtharcsecspect.line.widthfloatJ/ApJS/227/11/table9Candidates spectroscopically confirmed to not be z>5.6 quasarsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintQSOCandidate designation (Pddd+dd)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Hour of right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainl_iP1magLimit flag on iP1magmeta.code.errorchariP1magDereddened PS1 i band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_iP1mag[0.08/0.4]? iP1mag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_zP1magLimit flag on zP1magmeta.code.errorcharzP1magDereddened PS1 z band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_zP1mag[0.01/0.1]? zP1mag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableyP1mag[19.2/21] Dereddened PS1 y band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_yP1mag[0.03/0.2] zP1mag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatYmag[19.4/20.6]? Y-band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Ymag[0.03/0.2]? Ymag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.BfloatnullableJmag[19/20.3]? J-band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag[0.04/0.2]? Jmag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullableE(B-V)[0.01/0.2] Reddeningmagphot.color.excessfloatPS1[1/3] PS1 criteria (1)meta.codeintJ/ApJS/227/11/refsReferencesRefReference codemeta.noteintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBibCodeBibcodemeta.bib.bibcodecharAuthFirst author's namemeta.bib.authorcharCommCommentmeta.notecharJ/ApJS/227/11/fupphotFollow-up photometry of the PS1-discovered quasarsz[5.6/6.4] Redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSelSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.codecharQSOQuasar identifier (Pddd+dd)meta.id;meta.maincharl_iGRONDmag3{sigma} upper limit flag on iGRONDmagmeta.code.errorchariGRONDmag[21.7/24]? MPG 2.2m/GROND i band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_iGRONDmag[0.06/0.3]? Uncertainty in iGRONDmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_zGRONDmag3{sigma} upper limit flag on zGRONDmagmeta.code.errorcharzGRONDmag[19.3/22]? MPG 2.2m/GROND z band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_zGRONDmag[0.01/0.2]? Uncertainty in zGRONDmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_JGRONDmag3{sigma} upper limit flag on JGRONDmagmeta.code.errorcharJGRONDmag[19/22]? MPG 2.2m/GROND J band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_JGRONDmag[0.04/0.4]? Uncertainty in JGRONDmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_HGRONDmag3{sigma} upper limit flag on HGRONDmagmeta.code.errorcharHGRONDmag[18.4/21]? MPG 2.2m/GROND H band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_HGRONDmag[0.04/0.4]? Uncertainty in HGRONDmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_IEFOSCmag3{sigma} upper limit flag on IEFOSCmagmeta.code.errorcharIEFOSCmag[20/23.8]? NTT/EFOSC I band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_IEFOSCmag[0.01/0.2]? Uncertainty in IEFOSCmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableZEFOSCmag[19/21.1]? NTT/EFOSC Z band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_ZEFOSCmag[0.01/0.1]? Uncertainty in ZEFOSCmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableJSOFImag[20/21]? NTT/SofI J band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_JSOFImag[0.05/0.2]? Uncertainty in JSOFImagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_iCAFOSmag3{sigma} upper limit flag on iCAFOSmagmeta.code.errorchariCAFOSmag[22/24]? CAHA 2.2m/CAFOS i band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_iCAFOSmag[0.1/0.4]? Uncertainty in iCAFOSmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablezOTKmag[19/21.7]? CAHA 3.5m/Omega2000 z band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_zOTKmag[0.01/0.2]? Uncertainty in zOTKmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_YOTKmag3{sigma} upper limit flag on YOTKmagmeta.code.errorcharYOTKmag[18.4/21]? CAHA 3.5m/Omega2000 Y band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_YOTKmag[0.1/0.4]? Uncertainty in YOTKmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableJOTKmag[19/21.4]? CAHA 3.5m/Omega2000 J band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_JOTKmag[0.02/0.3]? Uncertainty in JOTKmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableHOTKmag[19/20.5]? CAHA 3.5m/Omega2000 H band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_HOTKmag[0.03/0.3]? Uncertainty in HOTKmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableJSWIRCmag[20.44]? MMT/SWIRC J band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_JSWIRCmag[0.05]? Uncertainty in JSWIRCmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableYRETROmag[19.6/21.3]? du Pont/RetroCam Y band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_YRETROmag[0.04/0.2]? Uncertainty in YRETROmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableJRETROmag[20/21.1]? du Pont/RetroCam J band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_JRETROmag[0.09/0.2]? Uncertainty in JRETROmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableJ/ApJS/227/11/highzqsoAll z>5.6 quasars known as of 2016 March with PS1, J band, and WISE photometrySimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameQuasar identifier (1)meta.id;meta.maincharf_Name[defg] Flag on Name (2)meta.codecharRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainz[5.6/7.1] Quasar redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatn_zMethod used to measure z (3)meta.noteint1450mag[17.6/24.4] Apparent magnitude at rest-frame 1450 Angstroms (4)magphot.magfloat1450Mag[-29.2/-22.4] Absolute magnitude at rest-frame 1450 Angstromsmagphys.magAbsfloatSSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.numberintnullablePS1? PS1 selection criteria (5)meta.codeintnullablePlink to follow-up photometry for this quasarmeta.ref.urlcharRefReferences for discovery (see refs.dat file)meta.refcharr_zReferences for redshift (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;pos.frameintr_1450magReferences for 1450mag (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;pos.frameintQSOQuasar abbreviated name as in tables 2-4 and 8; column added by CDS (not to be used for designation)meta.idcharprimaryl_iP1mag3{sigma} upper limit flag on iP1magmeta.code.errorchariP1mag[20.7/24.2]? Dereddened PS1 i band AB magnitude (6)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_iP1mag[0.04/0.4]? Uncertainty in iP1magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_zP1mag3{sigma} upper limit flag on zp1magmeta.code.errorcharzP1mag[18.6/23]? Dereddened PS1 z band AB magnitude (6)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_zP1mag[0.01/0.3]? Uncertainty in zP1magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_yP1mag3{sigma} upper limit flag on yp1magmeta.code.errorcharyP1mag[17.6/22]? Dereddened PS1 y band AB magnitude (6)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_yP1mag[0.01/0.4]? Uncertainty in yP1magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableW1mag[17/21.4]? WISE W1 (3.4um) band AB magnitude (7)magphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_W1mag[0.03/0.4]? Uncertainty in W1magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableW2mag[16.9/20.5]? WISE W2 (4.6um) band AB magnitude (7)magphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_W2mag[0.03/0.4]? Uncertainty in W2magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableW3mag[16.8/18.1]? WISE W3 (12um) band AB magnitude (7)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_W3mag[0.2/0.4]? Uncertainty in W3magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_Jmag3{sigma} upper limit flag on Jmagmeta.code.errorcharJmag[17.6/24.7]? J band AB magnitude (8)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag[0.02/0.4]? Uncertainty in Jmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullabler_Jmag? Reference for Jmag (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullableE(B-V)[0.01/0.3] Reddeningmagphot.color.excessfloatWISEDisplay data from WISE (II/311) and AllWISE (II/328) within 3" if W1mag is not blankmeta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJS/227/11/table6PS1 distant quasar sample arithmetic median composite spectrarecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[1000/1479.5] Wavelength in Angstroms0.1nmem.wlfloatFlux[0.008/2.6] Flux density PS1 composite spectrumphot.fluxdoubleN[39/117] Number of quasars per wavelength binmeta.numberintF(hlya)[-0.3/6.6] Flux density strong lya composite spectrumphot.fluxdoubleF(llya)[-0.6/1.5] Flux density weak lya composite spectrumphot.fluxdouble