J/ApJS/224/12ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/224/12doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22240012CDSCoughlin J.L.Mullally F.Thompson S.E.Rowe J.F.Burke C.J.,Latham D.W.Batalha N.M.Ofir A.Quarles B.L.Henze C.E.Wolfgang A.,Caldwell D.A.Bryson S.T.Shporer A.Catanzarite J.Akeson R.,Barclay T.Borucki W.J.Boyajian T.S.Campbell J.R.Christiansen J.L.,Girouard F.R.Haas M.R.Howell S.B.Huber D.Jenkins J.M.Li J.,Patil-Sabale A.Quintana E.V.Ramirez S.Seader S.Smith J.C.,Tenenbaum P.Twicken J.D.Zamudio K.A.2018-09-14T15:14:12Z2016-08-02T09:37:19ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsolar-system-planetsmultiple-starsstellar-radiieffective-temperatureeclipsing-binary-starssurveysWe present the seventh Kepler planet candidate (PC) catalog, which is the first catalog to be based on the entire, uniformly processed 48-month Kepler data set. This is the first fully automated catalog, employing robotic vetting procedures to uniformly evaluate every periodic signal detected by the Q1-Q17 Data Release 24 (DR24) Kepler pipeline. While we prioritize uniform vetting over the absolute correctness of individual objects, we find that our robotic vetting is overall comparable to, and in most cases superior to, the human vetting procedures employed by past catalogs. This catalog is the first to utilize artificial transit injection to evaluate the performance of our vetting procedures and to quantify potential biases, which are essential for accurate computation of planetary occurrence rates. With respect to the cumulative Kepler Object of Interest (KOI) catalog, we designate 1478 new KOIs, of which 402 are dispositioned as PCs. Also, 237 KOIs dispositioned as false positives (FPs) in previous Kepler catalogs have their disposition changed to PC and 118 PCs have their disposition changed to FPs. This brings the total number of known KOIs to 8826 and PCs to 4696. We compare the Q1-Q17 DR24 KOI catalog to previous KOI catalogs, as well as ancillary Kepler catalogs, finding good agreement between them. We highlight new PCs that are both potentially rocky and potentially in the habitable zone of their host stars, many of which orbit solar-type stars. This work represents significant progress in accurately determining the fraction of Earth-size planets in the habitable zone of Sun-like stars.2016ApJS..224...12Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/224/12CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)J/ApJ/812/46 : Transit metric for Q1-Q17 Kepler candidates (Thompson+, 2015)J/ApJ/810/95 : Kepler pipeline S/N studies. II. 2011 data (Christiansen+, 2015)J/ApJ/809/8 : Terrestrial planet occurrence rates for KOI stars (Burke+, 2015)J/ApJ/807/45 : Potentially habitable planets around M dwarfs (Dressing+, 2015)J/ApJS/217/31 : Kepler planetary candidates. VI. 4yr Q1-Q16 (Mullally+, 2015)J/ApJS/217/18 : Potential transit signals in Kepler Q1-Q17 (Seader+, 2015)J/ApJS/217/16 : Kepler planetary candidates. V. 3yr Q1-Q12 (Rowe+, 2015)J/ApJS/213/5 : Cool KOIs. VI. H- and K- band spectra (Muirhead+, 2014)J/A+A/566/A103 : Kepler planet host candidates imaging (Lillo-Box+, 2014)J/AJ/147/119 : Sources in the Kepler field of view (Coughlin+, 2014)J/ApJS/211/2 : Revised properties of Q1-16 Kepler targets (Huber+, 2014)J/ApJ/784/45 : Kepler's multiple planet candidates. III. (Rowe+, 2014)J/ApJS/210/19 : Kepler planetary candidates. IV. 22 months (Burke+, 2014)J/ApJS/207/35 : Kepler pipeline signal-to-noise studies (Christiansen+, 2013)J/ApJ/768/127 : Q1-11 Kepler light curve of KIC 4862625 (Schwamb+, 2013)J/ApJ/767/95 : Improved parameters of smallest KIC stars (Dressing+, 2013)J/ApJS/204/24 : Kepler planetary candidates. III. (Batalha+, 2013)J/PASP/124/1279 : Q3 Kepler's combined photometry (Christiansen+, 2012)J/AJ/144/42 : Infrared photometry of 90 KOIs (Adams+, 2012)J/ApJ/750/114 : Kepler TTVs. IV. 4 multiple-planet systems (Fabrycky+, 2012)J/ApJ/750/113 : Kepler TTVs. II. Confirmed multiplanet systems (Ford+, 2012)J/MNRAS/421/2342 : 4 Kepler systems transit timing obs. (Steffen+, 2012)J/AJ/143/39 : Analysis of hot Jupiters in Kepler Q2 (Coughlin+, 2012)J/AJ/142/160 : Kepler Mission. II. eclipsing binaries (Slawson+, 2011)J/ApJ/738/170 : False positive Kepler planet candidates (Morton+, 2011)J/ApJ/736/19 : Kepler planetary candidates. II. (Borucki+, 2011)J/AJ/141/83 : Eclipsing binaries in Kepler first data release (Prsa+, 2011)J/AJ/141/78 : Low-mass eclipsing binaries in KIC (Coughlin+, 2011)J/ApJ/728/117 : Kepler planetary candidates. I. (Borucki+, 2011)J/AJ/135/850 : Properties of eclipsing binaries found in TrES (Devor+, 2008)J/AcA/54/207 : Ephemerids of eclipsing binaries (Kreiner, 2004)http://archive.stsci.edu/kepler/ : MAST Kepler home pagehttp://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/ : NASA exoplanet archive home pagehttp://keplerebs.villanova.edu/ : online Kepler eclipsing binary cataloghttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/224/12https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/224/12http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/224/12https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/224/12https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/224/12http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/224/12GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/224/12/table6 (Injected TCEs, Robovetter dispositions, and significant parameters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/224/12/table6?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/224/12/table6?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/224/12/table6?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true286.2139937.27193810.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/224/12/table1 (Contact eclipsing binaries excluded from the Q1-Q17 DR24 Kepler pipeline transit search)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/224/12/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/224/12/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/224/12/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true291.6377637.08227190.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/224/12/tce (Robovetter parameters for 20367 Q1-Q17 DR24 threshold crossing events (TCEs) (tables 3 and 5))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/224/12/tce?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/224/12/tce?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/224/12/tce?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true291.137636.57738110.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/224/12/table7 (Small planet candidates potentially in the habitable zone in the Q1-Q17 DR24 catalog (Rp<2.0R_{Earth}_ and Sp<2.0S_{Earth}_))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/224/12/table7?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/224/12/table7?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/224/12/table7?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true293.260916744.86888890.0055555555555555564/922 923 933 934 935 944 945 946 5/3645 3646 3647 3683 3704 3706 3729 3730 3731 3760 3765 3788 3789 3792 3793 6/14559 14567 14573 14575 14577 14578 14579 14730 14731 14738 14744 14746 14747 14749 14750 14751 14792 14794 14795 14822 14828 14830 14831 14914 14915 15044 15045 15056 15057 15059 15160 15161 15176 15177 15178 15200 15202 15232 15233https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/224/12?format=asciidefaultJ/ApJS/224/12/table6Injected TCEs, Robovetter dispositions, and significant parametersD-sec-altDepth of secondary event (12)phys.absorption.opticalDepthdoublePh-sec-altPhase of secondary event (12)time.phasedoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKICTCE Kepler Input Catalog IDmeta.id;meta.mainintDispRobovetter Disposition (1)meta.codecharNFlag[0/1] Not Transit-Like Robovetter flagmeta.codeintSFlag[0/1] Significant Secondary Robovetter flagmeta.codeintCFlag[0/1] Centroid Offset Robovetter flagmeta.codeintEFlag[0] Ephemeris Match Robovetter flagmeta.codeintSky[1/84] Skygroup ID of TCEmeta.idintinjPer[0.5/500] Period of injected planet, daysdtime.perioddoubleinjEpochEpoch of injected planet, Barycentric Kepler Julian Datedtime.epochdoubleinjDepthDepth of injected planet, parts per million(10-6)src.var.amplitudeintinjDur[0.5/34.3] Duration of injected planet, hourshtime.durationfloatinj-bImpact parameter of injected planetsrc.impactParamfloatinj-Rp/Rs[0.002/0.2] Radius ratio of injected planetphys.size;arith.ratiofloatinj-a/Rs[1/912.4] Semi-major axis of injected planet, expressed in units of stellar radiussolRadphys.angSize.smajAxis;src.orbitalfloatFi[0/1] Whether or not injected planet was injected with 1: an offset relative to target or 0: notmeta.codeintDist[0/9] Distance from target at which planet was injected, if inj_Offset_flag==1 (inj-Off-dist)arcsecpos.angDistancefloatMESexpExpected Multiple Event Statistic (MES) value of injected planetstat.fit.paramdoubleRp1[0.1/17] Radius of inferred planet, in Earth radii (2)(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radiusfloatRs[0.1/6.3] Radius of host star, in solar radii (3)solRadphys.size.radiusfloatTeff[2661/12583] Effective temperature of host star (3)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintaSemi-major axis of inferred planet's orbit (2)AUphys.size.smajAxisdoubleRp/RsRadius ratio of inferred planet to star (2)phys.size;arith.ratiodoublea/Rs[1/1441] Semi-major axis of inferred planet, expressed in units of stellar radius (2)phys.angSize.smajAxis;src.orbitalfloatSNR-DVSignal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of inferred planet (2)stat.snrfloatTeqEquilibrium temperature of inferred planet (2)Kphys.temperatureintPeriod[0.5/500] Period of TCE (4)dtime.perioddoubleEpoch[131.5/613.1] Epoch of TCE, Barycentric Kepler Julian Date (4)dtime.epochdoubleDur[0.6/39.1] Duration of TCE in hours (4)htime.durationfloatSES-maxMaximum Single Event Statistic (SES) of TCEstat.fit.paramdoubleMES[7/622] Multiple Event Statistic (MES) of TCEstat.fit.paramdoubleLPP-DV[0/0.01] LPP metric value for TCE (5)stat.fit.paramdoubleLPP-ALT[0/9] LPP metric value for TCE (6)stat.fit.paramdoubleMarshall? Marshall metric value for TCEstat.fit.paramdoublenullableS-oe-dv[0/177] Rbovetter odd-even Statistic (5)stat.fit.paramdoubleS-oe-alt[0/51] Robovetter odd-even Statistic (6)stat.fit.paramdoubleS-pri-dv[0/1167] Significance of primary event (7)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-sec-dvSignificance of secondary event (7)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-ter-dvSignificance of tertiary event (7)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-pos-dv[0/71] Significance of positive event (7)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleF-red-dv[0/13] Ratio of red noise to white noise (7)stat.fit.omcdoubleS-fa1-dv[0/5.8] False alarm threshold when examining all TCEs (7)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-fa2-dvFalse alarm threshold when individual TCE (7)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-pri-alt[0/1453] Significance of primary event (8)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-sec-altSignificance of secondary event (8)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-ter-altSignificance of tertiary event (8)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-pos-alt[0/294] Significance of positive event (8)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleF-red-alt[0/95.2] Ratio of red noise to white noise (8)stat.fit.omcdoubleS-fa1-alt[0/6] False alarm threshold when examining all TCEs (8)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-fa2-altFalse alarm threshold when individual TCE (8)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleRp2[0/18] Radius of inferred planet (2)(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radiusdoubleA-dv[0/360600] Albedo of inferred planet (9)phys.albedodoubleD-pri-dv[0/0.03] Depth of primary event (10)phys.absorption.opticalDepthdoubleD-sec-dvDepth of secondary event (10)phys.absorption.opticalDepthdoublePh-sec-dvPhase of secondary event (10)time.phasedoubleA-altAlbedo of inferred planet (11)phys.albedodoubleD-pri-alt[0/0.06] Depth of primary event (12)phys.absorption.opticalDepthdoubleCent-Disp[0/32772] Disposition flag (13)meta.codeintRLink to Robovetter parameters if anymeta.ref.urlintnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPosition from KIC catalog (V/133) (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexed_DEPosition from KIC catalog (V/133) (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedJ/ApJS/224/12/table1Contact eclipsing binaries excluded from the Q1-Q17 DR24 Kepler pipeline transit searchrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKICKepler Input Catalog IDmeta.id;meta.mainintSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPosition from KIC catalog (V/133) (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from KIC catalog (V/133) (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJS/224/12/table2The 1910 Q1-Q17 DR24 threshold crossing events (TCEs) identified as false positive (FPs) due to ephemeris matchesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKICTCE Kepler Identifier, Childmeta.id;meta.mainintP[1/8] TCE Planet Number, Childmeta.idintParentMatched Parent identifier (1)meta.idcharPratPeriod ratio between child and parentstat.fit.omccharDist[0.1/41462]? Distance between child and parentarcsecmeta.id.parent;pos.angDistancefloatnullabledRow? Pixel (Row) offset between child and parentpixpos;arith.diffintnullabledCol? Pixel (Column) offset between child and parentpixpos;arith.diffintnullableKpmag[0/19.4]? Parent Kepler magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optfloatnullabledmag[-8/16.4]? Magnitude difference between the child and parentmagmeta.id.parent;phot.mag;arith.difffloatnullableDrat[0.01/623300]? Depth ratio of the child and parentstat.fit.omcdoublenullableContContamination Mechanismmeta.notecharFlag[0/2] Unique Matching Flag (2)meta.code.errorintJ/ApJS/224/12/tceRobovetter parameters for 20367 Q1-Q17 DR24 threshold crossing events (TCEs) (tables 3 and 5)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKICTCE Kepler Identifiermeta.id.parentintprimaryFPmeta.ref.urlcharP[1/8] TCE Planet Numbermeta.idintPeriod[0.4/727] Period of TCE in days (1)dtime.perioddoubleEpoch[131.5/655.1] Epoch of TCE in Barycentric Kepler Julian Date (1)dtime.epochdoubleDur[0.5/77] Duration of TCE in hours (1)htime.durationfloatSES-maxMaximum Single Event Statistic (SES) of TCEstat.fit.paramdoubleMESMultiple Event Statistic (MES) of TCEstat.fit.paramdoubleLPP-DV[0/0.07] LPP metric value for TCE computed using the DV detrendingstat.fit.paramdoubleLPP-ALT[0/0.4] LPP metric value for TCE computed using the ALT detrendingstat.fit.paramdoubleMarshall? Marshall metric value for TCEstat.fit.paramdoublenullableS-oe-dv[0/33] Robovetter odd-even Statistic computed using the DV detrendingstat.fit.paramdoubleS-oe-alt[0/142] Robovetter odd-even Statistic computed using the ALT detrendingstat.fit.paramdoubleS-pri-dv[0/60390] Significance of primary event (2)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-sec-dvSignificance of secondary event (2)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-ter-dvSignificance of tertiary event (2)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-pos-dv[0/1033] Significance of positive event (2)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleF-red-dv[0/292] Ratio of red noise to white noise (2)stat.fit.omcdoubleS-fa1-dv[0/6.1] False alarm threshold when examining all TCEs (2)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-fa2-dvFalse alarm threshold when individual TCE (2)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-pri-alt[0/256500] Significance of primary event (3)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-sec-altSignificance of secondary event (3)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-ter-altSignificance of tertiary event (3)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-pos-alt[0/12680] Significance of positive event (3)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleF-red-alt[0/4320] Ratio of red noise to white noise (3)stat.fit.omcdoubleS-fa1-alt[0/6.5] False alarm threshold when examining all TCEs (3)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleS-fa2-altFalse alarm threshold when individual TCE (3)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleRp[-286/3460] Radius of inferred planet as computed by the Kepler pipeline(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radiusdoubleA-dvAlbedo of inferred planet (4)phys.albedodoubleD-pri-dvDepth of primary event (5)phys.absorption.opticalDepthdoubleD-sec-dv[0/1] Depth of secondary event (5)phys.absorption.opticalDepthdoublePh-sec-dvPhase of secondary event (5)time.phasedoubleA-altAlbedo of inferred planet (6)phys.albedodoubleD-pri-altDepth of primary event (7)phys.absorption.opticalDepthdoubleD-sec-alt[0/44.6] Depth of secondary event (7)phys.absorption.opticalDepthdoublePh-sec-altPhase of secondary event (7)time.phasedoubleD[0/1] Disposition flag (8)meta.codeintKOIKepler Object of Interestmeta.id;meta.maincharDispRobovetter Disposition (PC=planet candidate; FP=false positive)meta.codecharNFlag[0/1] Not Transit-Like Robovetter flagmeta.codeintSFlag[0/1] Significant Secondary Robovetter flagmeta.codeintCFlag[0/1] Centroid Offset Robovetter flagmeta.codeintEFlag[0/1] Ephemeris Match Robovetter flagmeta.codeintNoteMnemonic Robovetter flags (9)meta.notecharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPosition from KIC catalog (V/133) (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexed_DEPosition from KIC catalog (V/133) (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedJ/ApJS/224/12/table7Small planet candidates potentially in the habitable zone in the Q1-Q17 DR24 catalog (Rp<2.0R_{Earth}_ and Sp<2.0S_{Earth}_)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKICKepler identification number of the starmeta.id.parentintKOIKepler Object of Interestmeta.id;meta.maincharf_KOIObject Flag (1)meta.codecharSNR[8/72.1] KOI Signal to Noisestat.snrfloatRp1[0.5/2] Catalog Planet Radius relative to Earth(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radiusfloatS1[0.07/2] Catalog Planet Insolation Flux relative to EarthEarthphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatTeff1[2703/6553] Catalog Stellar Effective TemperatureKphys.temperature.effective;meta.tableintR1[0.1/1.2] Catalog Stellar RadiussolRadphys.size.radius;meta.tablefloatNameConfirmed Kepler Planet Namemeta.idcharRp2[1.1/2.8]? Confirmed Planet Radius relative to Earth(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radiusfloatnullableS2[0.2/3]? Confirmed Planet Insolation Flux relative to EarthEarthphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatnullableTeff2[3740/5757]? Confirmed Stellar Effective TemperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintnullableR2[0.4/1.2]? Confirmed Stellar RadiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloatnullabler_NameReference for Confirmed Values (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPosition from exoplanet archive (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from exoplanet archive (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJS/224/12/flagsRobovetter Mnemoic flag explanationsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintFlagFlag namemeta.code.errorcharNoteFlag explanationmeta.note