J/ApJS/220/18ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/220/18doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22200018CDSBurgasser A.J.Logsdon S.E.Gagne J.Bochanski J.J.Faherty J.K.,West A.A.Mamajek E.E.Schmidt S.J.Cruz K.L.2025-05-15T20:13:10Z2015-12-07T13:27:23ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frlate-type-starsradial-velocitystellar-spectral-typesproper-motionsline-intensitiesRadial velocity measurements are presented for 85 late M- and L-type very low-mass stars and brown dwarfs obtained with the Magellan Echellette spectrograph. Targets primarily have distances within 20pc of the Sun, with more distant sources selected for their unusual spectral energy distributions. We achieved precisions of 2-3km/s, and combined these with astrometric and spectrophotometric data to calculate UVW velocities. Most are members of the thin disk of the Galaxy, and velocity dispersions indicate a mean age of 5.2+/-0.2Gyr for sources within 20pc. We find significantly different kinematic ages between late-M dwarfs (4.0+/-0.2Gyr) and L dwarfs (6.5+/-0.4Gyr) in our sample that are contrary to predictions from prior simulations. This difference appears to be driven by a dispersed population of unusually blue L dwarfs which may be more prevalent in our local volume-limited sample than in deeper magnitude-limited surveys. The L dwarfs exhibit an asymmetric U velocity distribution with a net inward flow, similar to gradients recently detected in local stellar samples. Simulations incorporating brown dwarf evolution and Galactic orbital dynamics are unable to reproduce the velocity asymmetry, suggesting non-axisymmetric perturbations or two distinct L dwarf populations. We also find the L dwarfs to have a kinematic age-activity correlation similar to more massive stars. We identify several sources with low surface gravities, and two new substellar candidate members of nearby young moving groups: the astrometric binary DENIS J08230313-4912012AB, a low-probability member of the {beta} Pictoris Moving Group; and 2MASS J15104786-2818174, a moderate-probability member of the 30-50Myr Argus Association.2015ApJS..220...18Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/220/18CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/319 : UKIDSS-DR9 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)I/317 : The PPMXL Catalog (Roeser+ 2010)III/198 : Palomar/MSU nearby star spectroscopic survey (Hawley+ 1997)J/MNRAS/447/1267 : Low-mass members of the Octans association (Murphy+, 2015)J/ApJ/798/73 : BANYAN All-Sky Survey (BASS) catalog. V. (Gagne+, 2015)J/AJ/147/146 : Spectroscopy of Tuc-Hor candidate members (Kraus+, 2014)J/AJ/147/94 : Solar neighborhood. XXXII. L and M dwarfs (Dieterich+, 2014)J/ApJ/783/121 : BANYAN II. Nearby young assoc. cand. members (Gagne+, 2014)J/A+A/556/A133 : DENIS-P J082303.1-49120 astrometric orbit (Sahlmann+, 2013)J/ApJ/753/156 : T/Y brown dwarfs with WISE photometry (Kirkpatrick+, 2012)J/ApJ/752/56 : BDKP. III. Parallaxes for ultracool dwarfs (Faherty+, 2012)J/AJ/141/97 : SDSS DR7 M dwarfs (West+, 2011)J/ApJ/723/684 : NIRSPEC ultracool dwarf RV survey (Blake+, 2010)J/ApJS/190/100 : NIR proper motion survey using 2MASS (Kirkpatrick+, 2010)J/AJ/139/1808 : Colors and kinematics of SDSS L dwarfs (Schmidt+, 2010)J/A+A/512/A37 : Velocities of 43 nearby L dwarfs (Seifahrt+, 2010)J/ApJ/705/1416 : Volume-limited sample of M7-M9.5 dwarfs (Reiners+, 2009)J/ApJ/695/1591 : Spectrophotometry in PEARS fields (Pirzkal+, 2009)J/AJ/137/1 : Pap. I: pm & astrometry of late-type dwarfs (Faherty+, 2009)J/ApJ/689/1295 : Lithium test implications for BD* (Kirkpatrick+, 2008)J/AJ/136/1290 : Ultracool dwarfs from the 2MASS (Reid+, 2008)J/AJ/135/785 : SDSS-DR5 low-mass star spectroscopic sample (West+, 2008)J/MNRAS/383/831 : New DENIS nearby L and late-M dwarfs (Phan-Bao+, 2008)J/ApJ/667/520 : Proper motions in multiple systems (Caballero, 2007)J/A+A/468/163 : Sample of low mass stars with mu>0.1"/yr (Deacon+, 2007)J/AJ/133/2258 : Activity and kinematics of ultracool dwarfs (Schmidt+, 2007)J/AJ/133/439 : Luminosity function of M7-L8 ultracool dwarfs (Cruz+, 2007)J/A+A/460/695 : Associations Containing Young stars search (Torres+, 2006)J/AJ/132/663 : Differential Velocities of very low mass SBs (Basri+, 2006)J/AJ/130/1871 : Spectroscopic survey of M dwarfs (Bochanski+, 2005)J/other/ARA+A/43.195 : L and T dwarf stars (Kirkpatrick, 2005)J/A+A/440/1061 : Southern red high proper motion objects (Lodieu+, 2005)J/other/ARA+A/42.685 : Young stars near the Sun (Zuckerman+, 2004)J/AJ/128/426 : Subdwarfs in the SDSS (West+, 2004)J/AJ/127/3553 : JHK phot. & spectroscopy for L and T dwarfs (Knapp+, 2004)J/AJ/126/2421 : 2MASS-Selected sample of ultracool dwarfs (Cruz+, 2003)J/A+A/410/527 : Abundances in the Galactic disk (Bensby+, 2003)J/MNRAS/301/1031 : High resolution spectra of VLM stars (Tinney+ 1998)http://spider.ipac.caltech.edu/staff/davy/ARCHIVE/index.shtml/ :http://jgagneastro.wordpress.com/list-of-ultracool-dwarfs/ : list of ultracoolhttp://www.sdss.org/ : SDSS home pagehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/220/18https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/220/18http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/220/18https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/220/18https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/220/18http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/220/18GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/220/18/sample (Observational sample equivalent widths and radial velocities and heliocentric space motions)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/220/18/sample?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/220/18/sample?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/220/18/sample?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.1726667-20.97494440.0055555555555555566/4096 4262 4543 8381 8402 8473 8475 8900 8972 12400 12466 16568 16609 16631 17328 17985 18060 18726 19615 19680 20713 20754 22177 23010 23144 24590 24716 24897 25310 25411 25818 26300 26311 26981 27019 27133 27214 27383 27469 27510 29301 29305 30749 30883 31009 31011 31062 31268 31296 31534 33334 34289 34535 34961 35451 35685 35923 36640 38322 38786 39140 39185 39485 39807 40332 40485 40738 40882 40901 40941 43957 44143 44226 44251 44518 44603 45023 45055 45175 45238 45752 45834 47012 48957 490361.5062136169708525e-19 1.7003137259100215e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/220/18?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJS/220/18/sampleObservational sample equivalent widths and radial velocities and heliocentric space motionsl_CsI-8523Limit flag on CsI-8523meta.code.errorcharNameSource namemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainSpTOptical MK spectral typesrc.spTypecharJmag[9.5/15.2] 2MASS J band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_Jmag[0.02/0.05] Uncertainty in Jmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.JfloatJ-Ks[0.8/2.1] 2MASS (J-K_S_) color indexmagphot.color;em.IR.J;em.IR.Kfloate_J-KsUncertainty in J-Ksmagstat.error;phot.color;em.IR.JfloatpmRA[-1176/2592] Proper motion along RAmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmRAUncertainty in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-993/760] Proper motion along DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDEUncertainty in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatDist[3.8/42] Distancepcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloate_Dist[0.02/5] Uncertainty in Distpcstat.errorfloatf_Dist[e] Flag on Dist (1)meta.codecharRVp[-76/117]? Published radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_RVp[0.06/5]? Uncertainty in RVpkm/sstat.errorfloatnullablen_NameSource flag on Name (2)meta.notecharr_NameReference(s) on Name (see refs.dat file: 1-12:source discovery; 21-50:source astrometry; 51-60:source RV measurements)meta.ref;pos.framecharl_LiI-6710Limit flag on LiI-6710meta.code.errorcharLiI-6710[0.2/4] Li I 6710A line equivalent width (3)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloate_LiI-6710? Uncertainty in LiI-67100.1nmstat.errorfloatnullableRbI-7802[0.6/4.3] Rb I 7802A line equivalent width (3)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloate_RbI-7802Uncertainty in RbI-78020.1nmstat.errorfloatl_RbI-7950Limit flag on RbI-7950meta.code.errorcharRbI-7950[0.5/4.3] Rb I 7950A line equivalent width (3)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloate_RbI-7950? Uncertainty in RbI-79500.1nmstat.errorfloatnullableNaI-8186[0.8/2.3] Na I 8186A line equivalent width (3)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloate_NaI-8186Uncertainty in NaI-81860.1nmstat.errorfloatNaI-8197[0.9/2.5] Na I 8197A line equivalent width (3)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloate_NaI-8197Uncertainty in NaI-81970.1nmstat.errorfloatCsI-8523[0.1/3.5] Cs I 8523A line equivalent width (3)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloate_CsI-8523? Uncertainty in CsI-85230.1nmstat.errorfloatnullablel_CsI-8946Limit flag on CsI-8946meta.code.errorcharCsI-8946[0.5/2.2] Cs I 8946A line equivalent width (3)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloate_CsI-8946? Uncertainty in CsI-89460.1nmstat.errorfloatnullablel_HaLimit flag on Hameta.code.errorcharHa[-53/-0.1] H{alpha} line equivalent width (3)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloate_Ha[0.1/20]? Uncertainty in Ha0.1nmstat.errorfloatnullablel_logLHaLimit flag on logLHameta.code.errorcharlogLHa[-7.3/-3.9] Log H{alpha} to bolometric luminosity ratiophys.luminosity;em.line.Halphafloate_logLHa[0.06/0.2]? Uncertainty in logLHastat.errorfloatnullablezeta[0.5/1.4]? Metallicity indexspect.indexfloatnullablee_zeta[0.003/0.06]? Uncertainty in {zeta}stat.errorfloatnullablef_Name[a] Flag on Name (4)meta.codecharLCen[-65/117] Line center velocitykm/sspect.dopplerVelocinte_LCen[2/22] Uncertainty in LCenkm/sstat.errorintSDSS[-69/115]? SDSS template radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_SDSS[0.6/18]? Uncertainty in SDSSkm/sstat.errorfloatnullableMagE[-70.7/113.4] MagE standard radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_MagE[0.5/14] Uncertainty in MagEkm/sstat.errorfloatRVel[-71/114] Adopted radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_RVel[2/5] Uncertainty in RVelkm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocfloatPrev1[-76/116.4]? Previously measured radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_Prev1[0.06/5]? Uncertainty in Prev1km/sstat.errorfloatnullablePrev2[-53/80]? A second previously measured radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_Prev2[0.1/3]? Uncertainty in Prev2km/sstat.errorfloatnullableRefReference(s) (5)meta.ref;pos.framecharU[-67/78] Velocity toward Galactic center (6)km/sphys.veloc;pos.galacticfloate_UUncertainty in Ukm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.xfloatV[-92/58] Velocity in direction of Galactic rotation (6)km/sphys.veloc.rotat;pos.galacticfloate_VUncertainty in Vkm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.yfloatW[-51/49] Velocity toward Galactic north pole (6)km/sphys.veloc;pos.galacticfloate_WUncertainty in Wkm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.zfloatProb[0.01/15] Relative probability of thick and thin disk membership (7)stat.probabilityfloatPopPopulation code (8)meta.codecharPPapData from previous papers (I. Faherty+, 2009, J/AJ/137/1 and III. Faherty+, 2012, J/ApJ/752/56) if anymeta.ref.urlintnullable2MDisplay the 2MASS data (Cutri+ 2003, II/246) within 2"meta.ref.urlcharSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharJ/ApJS/220/18/refsReferencesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReference codemeta.noteintBibCodeBibcodemeta.bib.bibcodecharAuthAuthor's name(s)meta.bib.authorcharCommCommentmeta.notechar