J/ApJS/216/7ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/216/7doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22160007CDSBowler B.P.Liu M.C.Shkolnik E.L.Tamura M.2018-01-05T08:57:01Z2015-03-04T15:08:39ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsm-starsWe present results from a high-contrast adaptive optics imaging search for giant planets and brown dwarfs (>~1M_Jup_) around 122 newly identified nearby (<~40pc) young M dwarfs. Half of our targets are younger than 135Myr and 90% are younger than the Hyades (620Myr). After removing 44 close stellar binaries (implying a stellar companion fraction of >35.4%+/-4.3% within 100AU), 27 of which are new or spatially resolved for the first time, our remaining sample of 78 single M dwarfs makes this the largest imaging search for planets around young low-mass stars (0.1-0.6M_{sun}_) to date. Our H- and K-band coronagraphic observations with Keck/NIRC2 and Subaru/HiCIAO achieve typical contrasts of 12-14mag and 9-13mag at 1", respectively, which correspond to limiting planet masses of 0.5-10M_Jup_ at 5-33AU for 85% of our sample. We discovered four young brown dwarf companions: 1RXS J235133.3+312720B (32+/-6M_Jup_; L0^+2^_-1_; 120+/-20AU), GJ 3629B (64^+30^_-23_M_Jup_; M7.5+/-0.5; 6.5+/-0.5AU), 1RXS J034231.8+121622B (35+/-8M_Jup_; L0+/-1; 19.8+/-0.9AU), and 2MASS J15594729+4403595B (43+/-9M_Jup_; M8.0+/-0.5; 190+/-20AU). Over 150 candidate planets were identified; we obtained follow-up imaging for 56% of these but all are consistent with background stars. Our null detection of planets enables strong statistical constraints on the occurrence rate of long-period giant planets around single M dwarfs.2015ApJS..216....7Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/216/7CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/wds : The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog (Mason+ 2001-2014)I/322 : UCAC4 Catalogue (Zacharias+, 2012)I/317 : The PPMXL Catalog (Roeser+ 2010)I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)III/198 : Palomar/MSU nearby star spectroscopic survey (Hawley+ 1997)III/259 : Stephenson's dwarf K and M stars (StKM) (Stephenson, 1986)J/AJ/147/85 : Solar neighborhood. XXXIII. (Riedel+, 2014)J/AJ/145/102 : Spectroscopy of M dwarfs in the northern sky (Lepine+, 2013)J/ApJ/767/95 : Improved stellar param. of KIC stars (Dressing+, 2013)J/ApJ/762/88 : Young stellar kinematic group candidate members (Malo+, 2013)J/A+A/549/A109 : HARPS XXXI. The M-dwarf sample (Bonfils+, 2013)J/A+A/544/A9 : The International Deep Planet Survey. I. (Vigan+, 2012)J/ApJ/758/56 : Young M dwarfs within 25pc. II. Kinematics (Shkolnik+, 2012)J/ApJ/754/44 : The AstraLux Large M-dwarf Survey (Janson+ 2012)J/ApJ/753/156 : T/Y brown dwarfs with WISE photometry (Kirkpatrick+, 2012)J/ApJ/745/174 : Evolutionary models of gas-giant planets (Spiegel+, 2012)J/AJ/144/64 : Solar neighborhood XXVIII. Companions (Dieterich+, 2012)J/AJ/143/80 : Low-mass stars of beta Pic & AB Dor groups (Schlieder+, 2012)J/AJ/142/138 : All-sky catalog of bright M dwarfs (Lepine+, 2011)J/ApJ/736/89 : Search for companions around nearby stars (Janson+, 2011)J/A+A/531/A92 : Deep all-sky census of the Hyades (Roeser+, 2011)J/AJ/141/166 : HATNet variability survey of K and M dwarfs (Hartman+, 2011)J/AJ/140/119 : {beta}Pic and AB Dor moving groups members (Schlieder+, 2010)J/ApJ/709/L114 : Protoplanetary disks in PMS binaries (Duchene, 2010)J/other/Sci/330.653 : Detected planets in the Eta-Earth Survey (Howard+, 2010)J/A+A/521/A12 : Radial velocities of nearby late-type stars (Maldonado+, 2010)J/A+A/509/A52 : Search for companions with VLT/NACO (Chauvin+, 2010)J/ApJ/705/1416 : Volume-limited sample of M7-M9.5 dwarfs <20pc (Reiners+, 2009)J/ApJ/699/649 : Young M dwarfs within 25pc. I. (Shkolnik+, 2009)J/ApJS/181/62 : Survey of young solar analogs (Metchev+, 2009)J/ApJ/689/1295 : Lithium tests for brown dwarfs (Kirkpatrick+, 2008)J/AJ/135/785 : SDSS-DR5 low-mass star spectroscopic sample (West+, 2008)J/ApJ/670/1367 : Gemini Deep Planet Survey (Lafreniere+, 2007)J/AJ/133/2825 : Star beyond the NLTT catalog (Reid+, 2007)J/A+A/464/377 : HIP binaries with radial velocities (Frankowski+, 2007)J/A+A/460/695 : Search for Associations Containing Young stars (Torres+, 2006)J/AJ/132/866 : New M dwarfs in solar neighborhood (Riaz+, 2006)J/A+A/450/681 : Companions to close spectroscopic binaries (Tokovinin+, 2006)J/A+A/442/211 : Spectroscopic distances of 322 NLTT stars (Scholz+, 2005)J/AJ/129/2420 : Proper motion derivatives of binaries (Makarov+, 2005)J/A+A/430/165 : Radial velocities for 6691 K and M giants (Famaey+, 2005)J/AJ/127/2856 : Brown dwarfs in the 2MASS Survey (Burgasser+, 2004)J/AJ/126/2421 : 2MASS-Selected sample of ultracool dwarfs (Cruz+, 2003)J/A+A/331/81 : Hyades membership (Perryman+ 1998)J/AJ/105/226 : UMa Group (Soderblom+ 1993)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/216/7https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/216/7http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/216/7https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/216/7https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/216/7http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/216/7GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/216/7/table3 (Summary of coronagraphic observations for 93 stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/216/7/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/216/7/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/216/7/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true5.49087549.21052780.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/216/7/table8 (Candidate companions for 47 stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/216/7/table8?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/216/7/table8?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/216/7/table8?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true5.49349.21111110.0055555555555555566/722 989 1138 1453 1911 2101 2425 2516 2534 2545 2660 2800 2844 3045 3347 4468 4591 5387 5420 5429 5504 5659 5677 5743 5819 5854 6169 6879 7147 7928 8684 9117 9432 9585 9954 10149 10381 10852 10901 10905 11044 11208 11480 12417 13158 13670 13732 14580 15355 17202 17412 17607 18440 18503 20084 20257 20381 20425 20472 20507 22215 23752 24740 25238 25374 25637 26240 27792 28195 29744 29905 32089 32317 32500 32541 34266 34776 36045 36492 36842 40435 44001 44745 44793 45035 47943 48351 48684 49056https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/216/7?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJS/216/7/table3Summary of coronagraphic observations for 93 starsNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNoNumber of observations for this starmeta.numberintnullableNcNumber observations of candidate companionsmeta.numberintnullable2MASS2MASS identifier (JHHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)meta.idcharDateObservation date (UT)time.epoch;obsnullableInstInstrument (G1)meta.id;instrcharf_Inst[f] f: NLTT 13844 was observed with on-axis LGS-AO at Keckmeta.codecharFiltFilter used in the observation (H, K, or Ks)instr.setup;obscharCor[300/1500] Angular diameter of coronagraphmasinstr.fovintNexp[3/120] Number of exposuresmeta.numberintExp[0.3/71] Exposure time (1)mintime.duration;obs.exposurefloatModeObservation mode (2)instr.setupcharRot[0.5/61.7]? Rotation angledeginstr.paramfloatnullableStrehl[4/58]? Strehl ratio (3)%instr.paramintnullableNCatCross-match within 1" with nearby star catalogs (Shkolnik et al. 2012, J/ApJ/758/56, Shkolnik et al. 2009, J/ApJ/699/649)meta.ref.urlintnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from 2MASS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from 2MASS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJS/216/7/table8Candidate companions for 47 starsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameSource namemeta.id.partcharCC[1/42] Candidate identifiermeta.id.part;meta.mainintNoNumber of observations for this candidate companionmeta.numberintnullableDateUT date of the observationtime.epoch;obsnullableEpochDecimal year of the observationyrtime.epoch;obsdoubleInstInstrument used in the observation (G1)instr.setup;obscharFiltFilter used in the observation (H, K, or Ks)instr.setup;obscharCtst? Relative contrast of candidate and primary starmagphot.mag;arith.difffloatnullablef_Ctst[cf] Saturated or near-edge detection (2)meta.codechare_Ctst? Uncertainty in Ctstmagstat.errorfloatnullablerho[1.6/22.7] Measured separation {rho}arcsecpos.angDistancefloate_rho[0.003/0.08] Uncertainty in rhoarcsecstat.errorfloatPAMeasured position angledegpos.posAngfloate_PAUncertainty in PAdegstat.errorfloatBrho[1.7/11]? Predicted background separationarcsecpos.angDistancefloatnullablee_Brho? Uncertainty in Brhoarcsecstat.errorfloatnullableBPA? Predicted background position angledegpos.posAngfloatnullablee_BPA? Uncertainty in BPAdegstat.errorfloatnullablePSepProjected separationAUpos.angDistancefloatCompCompanion detection: BG, SE or AMB (3)meta.codecharn_Comp[ ,de] Note(s) on companion detection (4)meta.notechar_RASimbad column added by the CDSdegpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DESimbad column added by the CDSdegpos.eq.dec;meta.main