J/ApJS/216/10ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/216/10doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22160010CDSBoyer M.L.McQuinn K.B.W.Barmby P.Bonanos A.Z.Gehrz R.D.,Gordon K.D.Groenewegen M.A.T.Lagadec E.Lennon D.Marengo M.,Meixner M.Skillman E.Sloan G.C.Sonneborn G.van Loon J.TH.,Zijlstra A.2017-06-30T05:48:15Z2015-07-03T09:52:48ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxiesinfrared-photometryNearby resolved dwarf galaxies provide excellent opportunities for studying the dust-producing late stages of stellar evolution over a wide range of metallicity (-2.7<~[Fe/H]<~-1.0). Here, we describe DUSTiNGS (DUST in Nearby Galaxies with Spitzer): a 3.6 and 4.5{mu}m post-cryogen Spitzer Space Telescope imaging survey of 50 dwarf galaxies within 1.5Mpc that is designed to identify dust-producing asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and massive stars. The survey includes 37 dwarf spheroidal, 8 dwarf irregular, and 5 transition-type galaxies. This near-complete sample allows for the building of statistics on these rare phases of stellar evolution over the full metallicity range. The photometry is >75% complete at the tip of the red giant branch for all targeted galaxies, with the exception of the crowded inner regions of IC 10, NGC 185, and NGC 147. This photometric depth ensures that the majority of the dust-producing stars, including the thermally pulsing AGB stars, are detected in each galaxy. The images map each galaxy to at least twice the half-light radius to ensure that the entire evolved star population is included and to facilitate the statistical subtraction of background and foreground contamination, which is severe at these wavelengths. In this overview, we describe the survey, the data products, and preliminary results. We show evidence for the presence of dust-producing AGB stars in eight of the targeted galaxies, with metallicities as low as [Fe/H]=-1.9, suggesting that dust production occurs even at low metallicity.2015ApJS..216...10Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/216/10CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)II/305 : SAGE LMC and SMC IRAC Source Catalog (IPAC 2009)J/A+A/566/A44 : gr photometry of Sextans A and Sextans B (Bellazzini+, 2014)J/ApJ/778/15 : SAGE-SMC III. Young stellar objects (Sewilo+, 2013)J/ApJ/756/79 : Opt. photometry in 3 Local Group dwarf galaxies (Sand+, 2012)J/ApJ/753/71 : Mass-loss return from LMC evolved stars. VI. (Riebel+, 2012)J/AJ/144/4 : Dwarf galaxies in the Local Group (McConnachie+, 2012)J/AJ/142/103 : Cool evolved stars in SAGE-SMC (Boyer+, 2011)J/AJ/142/88 : Segue 3 photometric and kinematic data (Fadely+, 2011)J/ApJS/193/23 : Fundamental stellar parameters in 47 Tucanae (McDonald+, 2011)J/AJ/140/416 : IR photometry of massive stars in the SMC (Bonanos+, 2010)J/ApJ/712/1259 : LCID project. II. Variables in IC1613 (Bernard+, 2010)J/A+A/506/1277 : Magellanic Cloud C/O stars modelisation (Groenewegen+, 2009)J/ApJ/697/1993 : Spitzer study of AGB stars. III. (Boyer+, 2009)J/AJ/137/4810 : LMC-SAGE AGB star candidates (Srinivasan+, 2009)J/AJ/137/3139 : LMC SAGE. New variable evolved stars and YSOs (Vijh+, 2009)J/MNRAS/385/1045 : JHKsIc photom. of AGB in Phoenix dwarf gal. (Menzies+, 2008)J/ApJ/664/850 : Spitzer observations of stars in M33 (McQuinn+, 2007)J/MNRAS/376/313 : Carbon star in Magellanic Cloud (Groenewegen+, 2007)J/ApJ/655/212 : S3MC IRAC and MIPS photometry (Bolatto+, 2007)J/AJ/132/2268 : SAGE calibration stars (Meixner+, 2006)J/A+A/448/181 : IR colours of AGB and post-AGB stars (Groenewegen+, 2006)J/A+AS/97/729 : JHKL'M obs. of O-Rich late-type star (Le Bertre 1993)http://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/data/SPITZER/DUSTiNGS/ : NASA/IRSA DUSTiNGS accesshttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/216/10https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/216/10http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/216/10https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/216/10https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/216/10http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/216/10GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/216/10/galaxies (Adopted target parameters and observation data)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/216/10/galaxies?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/216/10/galaxies?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/216/10/galaxies?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.56041745.0888890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/216/10/dustgsc (Good Source Catalog (GSC))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/216/10/dustgsc?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/216/10/dustgsc?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/216/10/dustgsc?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true358.614708342.48961110.0055555555555555566/619 705 2108 2110 2216 2217 2229 2231 2232 2234 2272 2274 2565 2567 2572 2573 2604 2611 2628 2668 2669 2670 2676 2677 2678 2746 2755 2774 2777 2779 2780 2852 2854 3042 3043 4410 4419 4496 5286 5287 5292 5293 5939 5945 7416 7417 8745 10769 10771 12687 12709 13654 13655 13660 13661 13807 14148 14149 17165 17167 17223 17229 18035 18041 18923 18926 19265 19268 19833 19990 19996 20262 20350 20351 20436 20437 20440 20441 26487 26858 26980 27000 27002 27350 27351 27357 28136 29699 31692 31693 35206 35212 38841 45423 48942 489433.9193497546148093e-20 6.185923063528282e-20https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/216/10?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/ApJS/216/10/galaxiesAdopted target parameters and observation dataSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharNEDnameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharRefReference(s) (3)meta.ref;pos.framecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTypeGalaxy type (1)meta.code;src.morphcharGalGalaxy namemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryf_Gal[a] possible star cluster (2)meta.codecharRAJ2000Hour of right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.main(m-M)0[16.1/25.7] Distance modulusmagphot.mag.distModfloatE_(m-M)0[0.03/0.4] Positive error on (m-M)0magstat.error;stat.maxfloate_(m-M)0[0.03/0.5] Negative error on (m-M)0magstat.errorfloatVMag[-15.2/-0] Absolute V-band magnitude (M_V_)magphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatE_VMag[0.1/1.3] Positive error on VMagmagstat.error;stat.maxfloate_VMag[0.1/1.3] Negative error on VMagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.VfloatAb(O)[7.3/8.2]? Oxygen abundance 12+log(O/H)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Ab(O)[0.05/0.3]? Oxygen abundance uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullable[Fe/H][-2.8/-1.1] Metallicitylog(Sun)phys.abund.ZfloatE_[Fe/H][0.04/0.4]? Positive error on [Fe/H]log(Sun)stat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablee_[Fe/H][0.04/0.4]? Negative error on [Fe/H]log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abund.Fefloatnullablerh[0.47/16] Half-light radius (r_h_)arcminphys.angSize;srcfloatE_rh[0.03/1.8]? Positive error on rharcminstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablee_rh[0.03/1.4]? Negative error on rharcminstat.errorfloatnullableM12Display data from McConnachie+, 2012, J/AJ/144/4, within 2"meta.ref.urlintnullableExp[60/1080] Total exposure time per pixel (4)stime.duration;obs.exposure;instr.pixelintDet[1.6/9.1] 5{sigma} sensitivity (4)uJyinstr.sensitivityfloatSize[1.6/9.1] Map size (5)arcmininstr.fov;instr.pixelfloatAOR1Spitzer/IRAC Astronomical Observation Request (AOR) key for epoch 1meta.id;obsintDate1UTC observation date for epoch 1time.epoch;obsnullableAOR2Spitzer/IRAC Astronomical Observation Request (AOR) key for epoch 2meta.id;obsintDate2UTC observation date for epoch 2time.epoch;obsnullableSep[126/240] Separation of epochs in daysdtime.intervalfloatNs[598/48057] Total number of reliable point sources (6)meta.numberintCov[70.6/356.3] Coverage (7)arcmin**2phys.area;instrfloatNgscNumber of good sources for this galaxymeta.numberintnullableJ/ApJS/216/10/dustgscGood Source Catalog (GSC)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGalGalaxy namemeta.id.parentcharSeq[18/255870] Point-source ID number (unique within one Galaxy)meta.idintindexedSSTDUSTGIAU designation (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Hour of declination (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDEJ2000Degree of declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.main[3.6][9.8/21.4]? Spitzer/IRAC 3.6um magnitude, combined epochsmagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_[3.6][0.02/0.3]? 1{sigma} uncertainty in [3.6]magstat.errorfloatnullable[3.6]1[9.8/21.1]? Spitzer/IRAC 3.6um magnitude, epoch 1magphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_[3.6]1[0.02/0.3]? 1{sigma} uncertainty in [3.6]1magstat.errorfloatnullable[3.6]2[9.9/21.1]? Spitzer/IRAC 3.6um magnitude, epoch 2magphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_[3.6]2[0.02/0.3]? 1{sigma} uncertainty in [3.6]2magstat.errorfloatnullable[4.5][9.4/21]? Spitzer/IRAC 4.5um magnitude, combined epochsmagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_[4.5][0.02/0.3]? 1{sigma} uncertainty in [4.5]magstat.errorfloatnullable[4.5]1[9.8/20.6]? Spitzer/IRAC 4.5um magnitude, epoch 1magphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_[4.5]1[0.03/0.3]? 1{sigma} uncertainty in [4.5]1magstat.errorfloatnullable[4.5]2[9.4/20.6]? Spitzer/IRAC 4.5um magnitude, epoch 2magphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_[4.5]2[0.03/0.3]? 1{sigma} uncertainty in [4.5]2magstat.errorfloatnullablesh3.6[-1/0.8]? 3.6um sharpness, combined epochs (1)src.class.starGalaxyfloatnullablesh3.6e1[-1/0.8]? 3.6{mu}m sharpness, epoch 1 (1)src.class.starGalaxyfloatnullablesh3.6e2[-1/0.8]? 3.6{mu}m sharpness, epoch 2 (1)src.class.starGalaxyfloatnullablesh4.5[-1.2/1]? 4.5um sharpness, combined epochs (1)src.class.starGalaxyfloatnullablesh4.5e1[-1/1]? 4.5{mu}m sharpness, epoch 1 (1)src.class.starGalaxyfloatnullablesh4.5e2[-1/1]? 4.5{mu}m sharpness, epoch 2 (1)src.class.starGalaxyfloatnullablex3.6[0/15]? 3.6um {chi} value, combined epochs (1)stat.fit.chi2floatnullablex3.6e1[0/13]? 3.6{mu}m {chi} value, epoch 1 (1)stat.fit.chi2floatnullablex3.6e2[0/17]? 3.6{mu}m {chi} value, epoch 2 (1)stat.fit.chi2floatnullablex4.5[0/12]? 4.5um {chi} value, combined epochs (1)stat.fit.chi2floatnullablex4.5e1[0/12]? 4.5{mu}m {chi} value, epoch 1 (1)stat.fit.chi2floatnullablex4.5e2[0/18]? 4.5{mu}m {chi} value, epoch 2 (1)stat.fit.chi2floatnullableImImage of the 4 bands from the IRSA server (IPAC)meta.ref.urlchar