J/ApJS/197/2ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/197/2doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.21970002CDSFord E.B.Rowe J.F.Fabrycky D.C.Carter J.A.Holman M.J.,Lissauer J.J.Ragozzine D.Steffen J.H.Batalha N.M.Borucki W.J.,Bryson S.Caldwell D.A.Dunham E.W.Gautier T.N.Jenkins J.M.,Koch D.G.Li J.Lucas P.Marcy G.W.McCauliff S.Mullally F.R.,Quintana E.Still M.Tenenbaum P.Thompson S.E.Twicken J.D.2017-10-03T05:12:31Z2012-01-02T09:50:43ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starssolar-system-planetsThe architectures of multiple planet systems can provide valuable constraints on models of planet formation, including orbital migration, and excitation of orbital eccentricities and inclinations. NASA's Kepler mission has identified 1235 transiting planet candidates. The method of transit timing variations (TTVs) has already confirmed seven planets in two planetary systems. We perform a transit timing analysis of the Kepler planet candidates. We find that at least ~11% of planet candidates currently suitable for TTV analysis show evidence suggestive of TTVs, representing at least ~65 TTV candidates. In all cases, the time span of observations must increase for TTVs to provide strong constraints on planet masses and/or orbits, as expected based on N-body integrations of multiple transiting planet candidate systems (assuming circular and coplanar orbits).2011ApJS..197....2Fhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/197/2CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)J/ApJ/736/19 : Kepler planetary candidates. II. (Borucki+, 2011)J/ApJ/728/117 : Kepler planetary candidates. I. (Borucki+, 2011)J/A+A/528/A63 : Velocitometry transit of KOI-428b (Santerne+, 2011)J/A+A/529/A89 : Kepler satellite variability study (Debosscher+, 2011)J/AJ/128/1761 : HATNET variability survey (Hartman+, 2004)http://archive.stsci.edu/kepler : MAST Kepler home pagehttp://archive.stsci.edu/kepler/planet_candidates.html : Releasedhttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/197/2https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/197/2http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/197/2https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/197/2https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/197/2http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/197/2GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/197/2/table2 (Linear transit ephemerides based on Q0-2 transit times)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/197/2/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/197/2/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/197/2/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true286.8084749.316398890.0055555555555555564/922 923 933 934 935 945 5/3645 3646 3647 3706 3730 3731 3776 3777 3778 3784 3785 3787 3789 3792 6/14567 14573 14575 14577 14578 14579 14730 14731 14733 14734 14735 14744 14746 14750 14751 14792 14794 14816 14818 14819 14828 14830 14914 14915 14918 14919 15040 15041 15044 15045 15057 15060 15061 15062 15116 15118 15119 15145 15146 15147 15153 15154 15155 15160 15161 15172 15173 15174 15178 15200 15232https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/197/2?format=asciidefaultJ/ApJS/197/2/table2Linear transit ephemerides based on Q0-2 transit timesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKICIdentification from Kepler Input Catalog (1)meta.idintKOIKepler Object Identifier number (NNNN.NN)meta.id;meta.mainfloatprimaryn_KOISimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharEp-2454900Barycentric Julian Date (BJD-2454900)dtime.epochdoublePeriodPerioddtime.perioddoubleB11Display the data from Borucki et al., 2011, Cat. J/ApJ/736/19meta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.refchar_RAPosition, from KIC catalog (Cat. V/133) (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition, from KIC catalog (Cat. V/133) (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJS/197/2/table6Predicted transit time variation magnitude for Kepler transiting planet candidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKOIKepler Object Identifier number (NNNN.NN)meta.id;meta.mainfloatRMS-Q2? Q2 RMS (1)stime.intervaldoublenullableM2M-Q2? Q2 min-to-max (1)stime.intervaldoublenullableRMS-3.5The 3.5 year RMS (1)stime.intervaldoubleM2M-3.5The 3.5 year min-to-max (1)stime.intervaldoubleRMS-7The 7 year RMS (1)stime.intervaldoubleM2M-7The 7 year min-to-max (1)stime.intervaldoubleJ/ApJS/197/2/table1Transit times for Kepler transiting planet candidates during Q0-2recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKOIKepler Object Identifier number (NNNN.NN)meta.id;meta.mainfloatnTransit numbermeta.numberintt-2454900Barycentric Julian Date of transit (1)dtime.epochdoubleTTvarTransit time variationdtime.epochdoublee_TTvarUncertainty in TTvardstat.errordoubleJ/ApJS/197/2/table3Metrics for transit timing variations (TTs) of Kepler planet candidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKOIKepler Object Identifier number (NNNN.NN)meta.id;meta.mainfloatsigTTMedian transit time measurement uncertaintyminstat.errorfloatMAD-5E_L_5,T2 Median Absolute Deviation (1)minstat.stdevfloatWRMS-5E_L_5,T2 Weighted Root Mean Square deviation (1)minstat.stdevfloatMAX-5E_L_5,T2 MAXimum absolute deviation (1)minstat.stdevdoublepX2-5E_L_5,T2 p-value for a {chi}^2^-like-test (2)stat.fit.chi2doubleMAD-2E_L_2,T2 Median Absolute Deviation (3)minstat.stdevfloatWRMS-2E_L_2,T2 Weighted Root Mean Square deviation (3)minstat.stdevfloatMAX-2E_L_2,T2 MAXimum absolute deviation (3)minstat.stdevfloatpX2-2E_L_2,T2 p-value for a {chi}^2^-like-test (2)stat.fit.chi2doubleDelPAbsolute value of difference of best-fit periods {Delta}P (4)time;arith.difffloatDelE? Absolute value of difference of best-fit transit {Delta}E epochs (4)time;arith.difffloatnullableJ/ApJS/197/2/table4Quadratic ephemerides for Kepler objects of interest (KOI) based on transit times during Q2recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKOIKepler Object Identifier number (NNNN.NN)meta.id;meta.mainfloatEpochEpoch (Ep-2454900)dtime.epochdoublee_EpochEpoch uncertaintydstat.error;time.epochfloatPerPerioddtime.perioddoublee_PerPeriod uncertaintydstat.errordoublecCurvature (see equation (1))stat.fit.paramdoublee_cCurvature uncertaintystat.errordoubleMADMedian absolute deviation of TTs from quadratic ephemerisdstat.stdevdoubleWRMSWeighted root mean square deviation of TTs from quadratic ephemerisdstat.stdevdoubleMAXMaximum absolute deviation of TTs from quadratic ephemerisdstat.stdevfloatpX2p-value for a {chi}^2^-test based on {chi}^'2^ relative to quadratic ephemeris (1)stat.fit.chi2floatpFp-value for an F-like test that compares linear and quadratic ephemerides (2)stat.fit.goodnessfloatJ/ApJS/197/2/table5Notes for Kepler planet candidates with putative transit timing variationsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKOIKepler Object Identifier number (NNNN.NN)meta.id;meta.mainfloatPerPerioddtime.perioddoubleRpPutative planet radius in Earth radii (1)(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radiusfloatS/NTypical S/N of an individual transitstat.snrfloatTdurTransit duration (1)htime.durationfloatnTTNumber of transit times measured in Q0-2meta.numberintnPNumber of transiting planet candidates for host starmeta.numberintTTVTransit time variation flag (2)meta.codeintComAdditional commentsmeta.notechar