J/ApJ/964/80ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/964/80CDSTaylor A.Dunn A.Peacock S.Youngblood A.Redfield S.2026-07-28T10:27:13Z2026-07-28T11:23:09ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frspectroscopyultraviolet-astronomymetallicitystellar-agesstellar-massesstellar-radiiastronomical-reference-materialsThe MgII h&k emission lines (2803, 2796{AA}) are a useful tool for understanding stellar chromospheres and transition regions due to their intrinsic brightness, relatively low interstellar medium (ISM) absorption interference, and abundance of archival spectra available. Similar to other optically thick chromospheric emission lines such as HI Ly{alpha}, MgII emissions commonly present with a self-reversed line core, the depth and shape of which vary from star to star. We explore the relationship between self-reversal and the stellar atmosphere by investigating the extent to which fundamental stellar parameters affect self-reversal. We present a search for correlations between photospheric parameters such as effective temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity with the MgII k self-reversal depth for a group of 135 FGKM main-sequence stars with high-resolution near-ultraviolet spectra from the Hubble Space Telescope. We modeled the observed MgII k line profiles to correct for ISM attenuation and recover the depth of the emission line's self-reversal in relation to the intensity of the line. We used the PHOENIX atmosphere code to homogeneously determine the stellar parameters by computing a suite of stellar atmosphere models that include a chromosphere and transition region, and using archival photometry to guide the models of each star. We quantify the sensitivity of the visible and near-infrared photometry to chromospheric and photospheric parameters. We find weak trends between MgII k self-reversal depth and age, rotation period, MgII luminosity, temperature, and mass. All stars in our sample older than ~2Gyr or rotating slower than ~10days exhibit self-reversal.2024ApJ...964...80Thttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/964/80CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/hst : HST Archived Exposures Catalog (STScI, 2007)B/gcvs : General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+, 2007-2017)III/135 : Henry Draper Catalogue and Extension (Cannon+ 1918-1924; ADC 1989)V/101 : Nearest stars until 10pc (Zakhozhaj, 1979-1996)III/200 : Catalogue of [Fe/H] (Cayrel de Strobel+, 1997)II/224 : Catalogue of Stellar Diameters (CADARS) (Pasinetti-Fracassini+ 2001)V/117 : Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of Solar neighbourhood (Holmberg+, 2007)V/130 : Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of Solar neighbourhood III (Holmberg+, 2009)I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)J/A+A/275/101 : Chemical evol. of the galactic disk I. (Edvardsson+ 1993)J/ApJ/457/L99 : 25yr CaII-HK obs. of F-K nearby stars (Baliunas+, 1996)J/A+A/314/191 : Atmospheric param. in metal-poor stars. I (Gratton+, 1996)J/A+AS/129/505 : Effective temperatures by IR Flux Method (Blackwell+ 1998)J/A+AS/129/237 : G and K dwarfs abundances (Feltzing+ 1998)J/A+AS/141/491 : Chemical composition of halo and disk stars (Nissen+, 2000)J/AJ/120/1841 : Abund. & Kinematics of Halo & Disk Stars (Fulbright 2000)J/A+A/374/1085 : Mg II K line Wilson-Bappu relationship (Cassatella+, 2001)J/A+A/410/527 : Abundances in the Galactic disk (Bensby+, 2003)J/AJ/126/2048 : NStars project: the Northern Sample. I. (Gray+, 2003)J/AJ/125/1598 : High proper motion stars in the northern sky (Lepine+, 2003)J/MNRAS/340/304 : [X/Fe] of Galactic disc F and G dwarfs (Reddy+, 2003)J/A+A/398/363 : Statistical properties of exoplanets II (Santos+, 2003)J/A+A/420/183 : Sp. survey in solar neighborhood (Allende Prieto+ 2004)J/A+A/415/391 : CORALIE survey for extrasolar planets. XII (Mayor+, 2004)J/A+A/418/551 : Gal. disk stars abundances and velocities (Mishenina+, 2004)J/A+A/415/1153 : [Fe/H] for 98 extra-solar planet-host stars (Santos+, 2004)J/ApJ/626/446 : Effective temperature scale of FGK stars (Ramirez+, 2005)J/PASJ/57/27 : Atmospheric parameters of nearby F-K stars (Takeda+, 2005)J/ApJS/159/141 : Spectroscopic properties of cool stars. I. (Valenti+, 2005)J/MNRAS/370/163 : Abundance distribution of stars with planets (Bond+, 2006)J/AJ/132/161 : NStars project: The southern sample. I. (Gray+, 2006)J/A+A/450/735 : Effective temperatures and radii of stars (Masana+, 2006)J/A+A/458/873 : Stellar param. of metal-rich solar-type stars (Sousa+, 2006)J/A+A/460/695 : Associations Containing Young stars (Torres+, 2006)J/A+A/474/293 : Radial velocities of GJ 674 (Bonfils+, 2007)J/MNRAS/374/664 : Stellar atmospheric param. in MILES library (Cenarro+, 2007)J/A+A/465/271 : Oxygen abundances in nearby stars (Ramirez+, 2007)J/ApJS/168/297 : Stellar parameters of nearby cool stars (Takeda+, 2007)J/ApJ/687/1264 : Age estimation for solar-type dwarfs (Mamajek+, 2008)J/A+A/480/91 : Gal. disk stars vertical distribution. IV. (Soubiran+, 2008)J/A+A/487/373 : Spectroscopic param. of 451 HARPS-GTO stars (Sousa+, 2008)J/A+A/508/1313 : Orion pre-main sequence RIJH light curves (Frasca+, 2009)J/A+A/497/497 : Physical param. from JHK flux (Gonzalez-Hernandez+, 2009)J/ApJ/704/975 : Rotational velocities for M dwarfs (Jenkins+, 2009)J/ApJ/699/649 : Young M dwarfs within 25pc. I. (Shkolnik+, 2009)J/ApJ/694/1085 : Radii of exoplanet host stars (van Belle+, 2009)J/A+A/511/A21 : Radial velocities of GJ876 planetary system (Correia+, 2010)J/A+A/523/A71 : A and F stars abundances in the Hyades (Gebran+, 2010)J/ApJ/720/1290 : Abundances of stars hosting planets (Ghezzi+, 2010)J/MNRAS/403/1368 : Li abund. & vsini for star-planet systems (Gonzalez+, 2010)J/MNRAS/407/1657 : Rotation velocities of dwarf M stars (Houdebine, 2010)J/ApJ/715/1203 : {upsilon} Andromedae system with HST (McArthur+, 2010)J/other/A+ARV/18.67 : Accurate masses and radii of normal stars (Torres+, 2010)J/A+A/530/A138 : Geneva-Copenhagen survey re-analysis (Casagrande+, 2011)J/A+A/526/A71 : C abundances in G and K nearby stars (da Silva+, 2011)J/A+A/527/A136 : HD 116956 V-band differential light curve (Lehtinen+, 2011)J/A+A/526/A111 : RVel of HD 85390, 90156 and 103197 (Mordasini+, 2011)J/A+A/531/A165 : MILES atmospheric parameters (Prugniel+, 2011)J/ApJS/192/2 : A Bayesian search for binaries in Hipparcos (Shaya+, 2011)J/A+A/535/A42 : Metal rich stars in solar neighbourhood (Trevisan+, 2011)J/ApJS/200/15 : HARPS-TERRA project. I. (Anglada-Escude+, 2012)J/ApJ/746/101 : Diameters and temperatures of AFG stars (Boyajian+, 2012)J/A+A/538/A143 : Atmospheric param. of stars for UV models (Koleva+, 2012)J/ApJ/754/69 : UV spectroscopy of solar-mass stars (Linsky+, 2012)J/A+A/541/A40 : Metallicity of solar-type stars (Maldonado+, 2012)J/A+A/547/A106 : Li abundances in the FGK dwarfs (Mishenina+, 2012)J/A+A/541/A150 : Lithium in M67 and Hyades (Pace+, 2012)J/ApJ/748/93 : K-band spectra for 133 nearby M dwarfs (Rojas-Ayala+, 2012)J/ApJ/771/40 : Main-sequence A, F, G & K stars photometry (Boyajian+, 2013)J/AJ/145/102 : Sp. of bright M dwarfs in the northern sky (Lepine+, 2013)J/A+A/552/A128 : Abundance of neutron-capture elements (Mishenina+, 2013)J/A+A/551/L8 : Chromospheric activity of field stars (Pace, 2013)J/A+A/556/A15 : Effective temperature scale of M dwarfs (Rajpurohit+, 2013)J/ApJ/764/78 : Oxygen abundances in nearby FGK stars (Ramirez+, 2013)J/A+A/556/A150 : SWEETCat I. Stellar param. for host stars (Santos+, 2013)J/A+A/555/A150 : Physical param. of cool solar-type stars (Tsantaki+, 2013)J/ApJ/794/58 : Metal-poor stars in the Galaxy thick disk (Beers+, 2014)J/A+A/562/A71 : Abundances of solar neighbourhood dwarfs (Bensby+, 2014)J/MNRAS/442/220 : Lick indices for FGK stars (Franchini+, 2014)J/ApJ/791/54 : Nearby M Dwarfs parameters (Gaidos+, 2014)J/MNRAS/443/2561 : CONCH-SHELL catalog of nearby M dwarfs (Gaidos+, 2014)J/ApJ/785/94 : Lithium abund. of a large sample of red giants (Liu+, 2014)J/AJ/147/20 : Spectroscopy of 447 nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2014)J/AJ/147/136 : Stars of very low metal abundance. VI. (Roederer+, 2014)J/A+A/578/A64 : Velocity curve of {tau} Boo A (Borsa+, 2015)J/A+A/580/A24 : Abundances in dwarfs, subgiants & giants (da Silva+, 2015)J/A+A/576/A69 : Li abundances in F stars (Delgado Mena+, 2015)J/ApJS/219/33 : BANYAN. VII. Candidate YMG members from BASS (Gagne+, 2015)J/A+A/579/A20 : Circumstellar debris discs (Maldonado+, 2015)J/ApJ/804/64 : Empirical and model parameters of 183 M dwarfs (Mann+, 2015)J/A+A/586/A49 : r- and s- process elements in MW disk (Battistini+, 2016)J/A+A/587/A2 : SP_Ace derived data from stellar spectra (Boeche+, 2016)J/A+A/585/A5 : Exoplanet hosts/field stars ages (Bonfanti+, 2016)J/ApJS/225/32 : Extended abundance analysis of cool stars (Brewer+, 2016)J/ApJS/224/2 : K2 EPIC stellar properties for 138600 targets (Huber+, 2016)J/ApJS/222/19 : KPNO spectroscopy of G & K dwarfs HIP stars (Kim+, 2016)J/A+A/585/A7 : Hyades single stars fiducial photometry (Kopytova+, 2016)J/A+A/588/A38 : Light curves of spotted solar-type stars (Lehtinen+, 2016)J/A+A/587/A131 : Solar twins in the ELODIE archive (Mahdi+, 2016)J/A+A/588/A98 : Metallicities and abund. of evolved stars (Maldonado+, 2016)J/ApJ/821/93 : Rot. & Galactic kinematics of mid M dwarfs (Newton+, 2016)J/MNRAS/456/2070 : Eccentricity of wide binaries (Tokovinin+, 2016)J/A+A/606/A94 : Chemical abundances of 1059 FGK stars (Delgado Mena+, 2017)J/AJ/153/21 : Abund. in the local region. II. FGK dwarfs (Luck+, 2017)J/AJ/154/245 : Imaging of Spitzer-detected debris disks (Meshkat+, 2017)J/ApJ/834/85 : H{alpha} emission in nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2017)J/AJ/153/136 : Planets and their hosts with Gaia plx (Stassun+, 2017)J/A+A/614/A55 : Lithium abund. in dwarfs & subgiants (Aguilera-Gomez+, 2018)J/AJ/155/149 : Co-moving stars observed by Gaia (Bochanski+, 2018)J/A+A/619/A1 : 55 Cnc radial velocities and photometry (Bourrier+, 2018)J/MNRAS/475/1960 : ESPaDOnS spectropolarimeter obs. of M dwarfs (Fouque+, 2018)J/AJ/155/111 : Abundances in the local region. III. (Luck, 2018)J/AJ/156/217 : Stellar param. for M dwarfs in MEarth-South (Newton+, 2018)J/A+A/615/A6 : Photospheric parameters of CARMENES stars (Passegger+, 2018)J/A+A/620/A180 : Stellar properties of M dwarfs (Rajpurohit+, 2018)J/A+A/615/A76 : Spectroscopic param. of stars (SPECIES). I. (Soto+, 2018)J/A+A/620/A58 : SWEET-Cat updated (Sousa+, 2018)J/A+A/614/A84 : C/O vs Mg/Si in solar type stars (Suarez-Andres+, 2018)J/A+A/622/A193 : Gl686 RV curves and BVR photometry (Affer+, 2019)J/A+A/627/A138 : XSL atmospheric parameters (Arentsen+, 2019)J/A+A/621/A126 : CARMENES input cat. of M dwarfs. IV. (Diez Alonso+ 2019)J/AJ/158/87 : Cool dwarfs during K2 Campaigns 1-17 (Dressing+, 2019)J/A+A/629/A80 : ESPRESSO blind RV exoplanet survey cat. (Hojjatpanah+, 2019)J/AJ/157/63 : Radii for low-metallicity M-dwarf stars (Kesseli+, 2019)J/ApJ/878/134 : HARPS & X-shooter sp. of Southern M dwarfs (Kuznetsov+ 2019)J/A+A/627/A161 : CARMENES stars multiwavelength param. (Passegger+, 2019)J/A+A/625/A68 : Radii and masses of the CARMENES targets (Schweitzer+, 2019)J/A+A/635/A8 : Differential abund. of open clusters (Casamiquela+, 2020)J/AJ/160/24 : Circumstellar dust of 104 stars with GPIES (Esposito+, 2020)J/A+A/637/A93 : HD 79211 CARMENES RVel (Gonzalez-Alvarez+, 2020)J/A+A/639/A35 : RV jitter & phot. var. correlation (Hojjatpanah+, 2020)J/A+A/644/A68 : Abundance signature of M dwarf stars (Maldonado+, 2020)J/AJ/162/14 : Astrometry & RVel, Alpha Centauri system (Akeson+, 2021)J/AJ/161/47 : RVel & phot. of HD106315 & GJ9827 (Kosiarek+, 2021)J/ApJ/907/91 : HAZMAT VII. M-dwarfs FUV em. line, Age & Prot (Loyd+, 2021)J/ApJ/921/122 : Activity of {rho} CrB and 88 Leo (Metcalfe+, 2021)J/ApJS/255/8 : The California Legacy Survey. I. Planets (Rosenthal+, 2021)J/A+A/664/A64 : GJ 832 stellar activity (Gorrini+, 2022)J/AJ/163/19 : EXPRES. III. Phot. & RVel of eps Eri (Roettenbacher+, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/964/80https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/964/80http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/964/80https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/964/80https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/964/80http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/964/80GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/964/80/table1 (Stellar parameters for the target stars from the literature)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/964/80/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/964/80/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/964/80/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true219.9020583-60.83399280.0055555555555555566/333 340 1024 1032 1042 1283 1577 1875 2472 2737 4376 5009 5413 5420 5534 7264 7610 7763 8843 9403 9662 9835 10375 11126 11713 11856 12592 12644 12983 13301 13688 13743 13778 13947 14266 14278 14534 14650 15174 15311 16220 17266 18450 18785 20145 20328 20701 21149 22289 22300 22309 22606 22616 22626 22630 22636 22645 22709 22807 22818 23094 23230 23339 23344 23454 23489 23497 23501 23518 23526 23538-23539 23547-23548 24110 24151 24160 24195 24924 25444 26394 27462 28336 28548 28664 28696 30665 30833 30878 31191 31751 31781 32319 32335 32473 32491 32509 32930 33717 33813 33849 34181 34446 34905 35079 36526 36664 36693 36697 36862 38363 38461 38545 38687 38807 39693 40692 40784 40892 41763 42115 42248 42290 42459 42652 42760 44542 44669 45353 45472 45564 45669 46076 46566 46632 47347 47589 48652https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/964/80?format=asciiUVdefaultJ/ApJ/964/80/table1Stellar parameters for the target stars from the literaturerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRPRefined parameters in Table 3meta.ref.urlcharNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryTmin[2665/6825]? Minimum effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effective;stat.minintnullableSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullabler_TminReference bibcode for Tmin (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;phys.temperature.effective;stat.mincharTmax[2810/7229]? Maximum effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effective;stat.maxintnullabler_TmaxReference bibcode for Tmax (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;phys.temperature.effective;stat.maxcharlog(g)min[2.3/5.17]? Minimum log surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravity;stat.minfloatnullabler_log(g)minReference bibcode for log(g)min (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;phys.gravity;stat.mincharlog(g)max[3.22/5.5]? Maximum log surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravity;stat.maxfloatnullabler_log(g)maxReference bibcode for log(g)max (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;phys.gravity;stat.maxchar[Fe/H]min[-3.06/0.24]? Minimum metallicitylog(Sun)phys.abund.Fe;stat.minfloatnullabler_[Fe/H]minReference bibcode for [Fe/H]min (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;phys.abund.Fe;stat.minchar[Fe/H]max[-1.25/1.05]? Maximum metallicitylog(Sun)phys.abund.Fe;stat.maxfloatnullabler_[Fe/H]maxReference bibcode for [Fe/H]max (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;phys.abund.Fe;stat.maxcharAge[0.01/12.0]? Stellar ageGyrtime.agefloatnullabler_Age[28/287]? Reference bibcode for Age (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;time.ageintnullableMass[0.08/1.9]? Stellar masssolMassphys.massfloatnullableE_Mass[0.003/0.25]? Upper uncertainty in MasssolMassstat.error;stat.max;phys.massfloatnullablee_Mass[0.003/0.25]? Lower uncertainty in MasssolMassstat.error;stat.min;phys.massfloatnullabler_Mass[10/289]? Reference bibcode for Mass (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;phys.massintnullableRad[0.11/7.87]? Stellar radiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloatnullableE_Rad[0.0036/0.1]? Upper uncertainty in RadsolRadstat.error;stat.max;phys.size.radiusfloatnullablee_Rad[0.0036/0.1]? Lower uncertainty in RadsolRadstat.error;stat.min;phys.size.radiusfloatnullabler_Rad[21/288]? Reference bibcode for Rad (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;phys.size.radiusintnullableDist[1.35/81.66]? Stellar distance from Gaia EDR3pcpos.distancefloatnullablePer[1.68/145.0]? Stellar rotation perioddtime.periodfloatnullableE_Per[0.01/19.4]? Upper uncertainty in Perdstat.error;stat.max;time.periodfloatnullablee_Per[0.01/19.4]? Lower uncertainty in Perdstat.error;stat.min;time.periodfloatnullabler_Per[23/316]? Reference bibcode for Per (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;time.periodintnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/964/80/table3Refined stellar parametersNameStar namemeta.id;meta.mainchar[Fe/H][-2.1/0.4] Metallicitylog(Sun)phys.abund.Zfloatb_[Fe/H][-2.1/0.4] Upper boundary value in [Fe/H]log(Sun)phys.abund.Fe;stat.maxfloatB_[Fe/H][-1.5/0.6] Lower boundary value in [Fe/H]log(Sun)phys.abund.Fe;stat.minfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTeff[2732/7150] Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintb_Teff[2700/7100] Upper boundary value in TeffKphys.temperature.effective;stat.minintB_Teff[2830/7200] Lower boundary value in TeffKphys.temperature.effective;stat.maxintlog(g)[3.3/5.4] Log surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloatb_log(g)[3.2/5.2] Upper boundary value in log(g)log(cm.s**-2)phys.gravity;stat.minfloatB_log(g)[3.5/5.5] Lower boundary value in log(g)log(cm.s**-2)phys.gravity;stat.maxfloatAge[0.01/9] Stellar ageGyrtime.agefloatb_Age[0.01/8.1] Upper boundary value in AgeGyrtime.age;stat.maxfloatB_Age[0.05/10] Lower boundary value in AgeGyrtime.age;stat.minfloatMass[0.03/2.4] Stellar masssolMassphys.massfloatb_Mass[0.01/1.4] Upper boundary value in MasssolMassphys.mass;stat.maxfloatB_Mass[0.09/4.2] Lower boundary value in MasssolMassphys.mass;stat.minfloatRad[0.08/5] Stellar radiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloatb_Rad[0.08/4] Upper boundary value in RadsolRadphys.size.radius;stat.minfloatB_Rad[0.09/6] Lower boundary value in RadsolRadphys.size.radius;stat.maxfloatSRPar[0/3.43] Self-Reversal parameterstat.fit.paramfloate_SRPar[0/2.5] Uncertainty in SRParstat.errorfloatSRVel[-3.42/5] Self-Reversal velocitykm/sphys.veloc;meta.modelledfloate_SRVel[0.03/41]? Uncertainty in SRVelkm/sstat.error;phys.veloc;meta.modelledfloatnullableFMgII[7.8e-15/2.1e-10] Mg II flux; erg/s/cm^2^/AngstromscW.m**-2.nm**-1phot.flux;spect.linedoubleQual[1/3] Quality flag (3=most confident) (1)meta.code.qualintJ/ApJ/964/80/refsReferencesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReference codemeta.noteintBibCodeBibcode of the referencemeta.bib.bibcodecharCatVizieR catalog referencemeta.id;meta.datasetchar