J/ApJ/962/16ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/962/16CDSDouglas S.T.Cargile P.A.Matt S.P.Breimann A.A.Perez Chavez J.A.,Huang C.X.Wright N.J.Zhou G.2026-06-01T08:54:59Z2026-06-01T09:12:07ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fropen-star-clustersphotometryvisible-astronomystellar-massesstellar-agesThe zero-age main sequence (ZAMS) is a critical phase for stellar angular momentum evolution, as stars transition from contraction-dominated spin-up to magnetic wind-dominated spin-down. We present the first robust observational constraints on rotation for FGK stars at ~40Myr. We have analyzed TESS light curves for 1410 members of five young open clusters with ages between 25 and 55Myr: IC 2391, IC 2602, NGC 2451A, NGC 2547, and Collinder 135. In total, we measure 868 rotation periods, including 96 new, high-quality periods for stars around 1M_{sun}_. This is an increase of ten times the existing literature sample at the ZAMS. We then use the {tau}^2^ method to compare our data to models for stellar angular momentum evolution. Although the ages derived from these rotation models do not match isochronal ages, we show that these observations can clearly discriminate between different models for stellar wind torques. Finally, {tau}^2^ fits indicate that magnetic braking and/or internal angular momentum transport significantly impact rotational evolution even on the pre-main sequence.2024ApJ...962...16Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/962/16CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)VII/233 : 2MASS All-Sky Extended Source Catalog (XSC) (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)I/317 : The PPMXL Catalog (Roeser+ 2010)IV/38 : TESS Input Catalog - v8.0 (TIC-8) (Stassun+, 2019)IV/39 : TESS Input Catalog version 8.2 (TIC v8.2) (Paegert+, 2021)I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)I/357 : Gaia DR3 Part 3. Non-single stars (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)J/A+A/337/403 : Low-mass stars evolutionary models (Baraffe+ 1998)J/MNRAS/383/1588 : VIc photometry of NGC 2547 low-mass stars (Irwin+, 2008)J/ApJ/696/L84 : Primordial circumstellar disks in binary syst. (Cieza+, 2009)J/A+A/532/A10 : RACE-OC project. II. (Messina+, 2011)J/A+A/558/A53 : MW global survey of star clusters. II. (Kharchenko+, 2013)J/A+A/560/A13 : Stellar rotation in h Per (Moraux+, 2013)J/AJ/152/114 : Pleiades members with K2 light curves. II. (Rebull+, 2016)J/ApJ/842/83 : Praesepe members rot. periods from K2 LCs (Douglas+, 2017)J/A+A/618/A93 : Gaia DR2 open clusters in the Milky Way (Cantat-Gaudin+, 2018)J/A+A/612/A99 : Gaia-ESO Survey in 7 open star cluster fields (Randich+, 2018)J/AJ/155/196 : K2 LCs for members of USco & {rho} Oph (Rebull+, 2018)J/A+A/615/A12 : 24 nearby open clusters TGAS and HSOY reanalysis (Yen+, 2018)J/A+A/631/A77 : Low-mass stellar models and isochrones (Amard+, 2019)J/A+A/623/A108 : Age of 269 GDR2 open clusters (Bossini+, 2019)J/ApJS/245/13 : CDIPS. I. LCs from TESS sectors 6 and 7 (Bouma+, 2019)J/ApJ/879/100 : K2 rot. periods for Hyades & Praesepe members (Douglas+, 2019)J/MNRAS/490/3806 : Exoplanets & var. stars in 47 Tuc field (Nardiello+, 2019)J/A+A/640/A1 : Portrait Galactic disc (Cantat-Gaudin+, 2020)J/MNRAS/496/4701 : Gaia-ESO Survey: members of open clusters (Jackson+, 2020)J/AJ/160/279 : Untangling the Galaxy. II. (Kounkel+, 2020)J/ApJ/917/23 : SPYGLASS. I. Mapping young stellar structures (Kerr+, 2021)J/MNRAS/503/3279 : GALAH survey. Gal. disc with open clusters (Spina+, 2021)J/AJ/164/137 : Untangling the Galaxy. IV. TESS data (Kounkel+, 2022)J/AJ/166/14 : Kinematic for ~5200 alpha Persei cand. members (Boyle+, 2023)J/ApJS/268/4 : Stellar var. with TESS 2min cadence phot. (Fetherolf+, 2023)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/962/16https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/962/16http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/962/16https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/962/16https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/962/16http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/962/16GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/962/16/table2 (Literature periods for cluster stars, crossmatched to current identifiers)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/962/16/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/962/16/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/962/16/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true122.9454583-48.74833330.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/962/16/table4 (Full catalog)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/962/16/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/962/16/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/962/16/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true130.87157889-52.691608060.0055555555555555564/2482 5/9306-9310 9328-9329 9332 9446-9447 9452 9835-9836 9838-9839 9879 9885 9887 9921-9925 6/37175 37182-37183 37218-37219 37221-37223 37244 37246-37247 37269 37275 37296-37297 37301 37303 37320-37322 37324-37326 37336 37339 37347 37778-37780 37782-37783 37807 37812-37813 37815 37820-37821 37826 37832 37834 37856 37858 37903 37922 39175 39181-39183 39186 39192 39194 39326 39333-39335 39337 39339 39348 39350-39351 39402 39539 39545 39547 39633 39636-39637 39639 39682-39683 39704-39706 39708 39728 39730 39736 39808-39809 39811-398121.9867573869263685e-19 4.621782916333392e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/962/16?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/962/16/table2Literature periods for cluster stars, crossmatched to current identifiersrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameStellar namemeta.idcharClusterCluster identifier ("IC 2391", "IC 2602" or "NGC 2547")meta.id.parentcharr_PeriodLiterature source for Period (G1)meta.refcharPeriod[0.18/24.3]? Period from the literaturedtime.periodfloatnullableTIC[92475268/812594503]? TESS Input Catalog IDmeta.id.crosslongnullableFIncluded in full catalog (link to Table 4)meta.ref.urlintnullableGaiaDR2? Gaia DR2 catalog identifiermeta.id.crossnullableONameSimbad identifiermeta.id.crosscharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.id;meta.mainchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/962/16/table4Full catalogHDB-Cl[-2/2]? HDBScan analysis clump identifier (HDBscan_Cluster)meta.numberintnullableHDB-Stab[0/0.5]? HDBScan analysis stability of clump (HDBscan_Stability)stat.fit.paramfloatnullablee_AV[0.001/0.2]? Uncertainty in AV (av_err)magstat.error;phys.absorptionfloatnullableLit-Per[0.2/11.6]? Rotational period from the literature, if any (LitPeriod)dtime.periodfloatnullabler_Lit-PerLiterature source for Lit-Per (LitSource) (G1)meta.ref;time.periodcharClusterCluster this star is a member of ("IC_2391", "IC_2602", "NGC_2547", "NGC_2451A" or "Collinder_135")meta.id.parentcharPlot[0/1] Whether this star is plotted in the paper; 1=yes (to_plot)meta.codeintSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decindexedGESGaia-ESO Survey (2022A&A...659A.200B) identifier (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000) (GES_Target)meta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTIC? TESS Input Catalog identifiermeta.id.crosslongnullableLExisting literature periods (link to Table 2)meta.ref.urlintnullableGaiaEDR3Gaia EDR3 identifier (GAIAEDR3_ID)meta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRS[105.2/172] Gaia EDR3 Right Ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (GAIAEDR3_RA)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRS[-68.3/-33.3] Gaia EDR3 Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (GAIAEDR3_DEC)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainpmRA[-27.6/-1.5]? Gaia EDR3 proper motion in right ascension (GAIAEDR3_PMRA)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullablepmDE[-1.1/26.6]? Gaia EDR3 proper motion in declination (GAIAEDR3_PMDEC)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatnullableplx[0.2/7.7]? Gaia EDR3 parallax (GAIAEDR3_PARALLAX)maspos.parallax.trigfloatnullableplxC[0.2/7.7]? Gaia EDR3 parallax, with zero-point correction (GAIAEDR3_PARALLAX_CORRECTED)maspos.parallax.trig;arith.difffloatnullableRUWE[0.69/43.14]? Gaia EDR3 Renormalized Unit Weight Error (GAIAEDR3_RUWE)stat.errorfloatnullableGmag[3.24/20.14] Gaia EDR3 G-band magnitude (GAIAEDR3_G)magphot.mag;em.optfloate_Gmag[0/0.01] Uncertainty in Gmag (GAIAEDR3_G_ERR)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.optfloatGmagC[3.24/20.11] Corrected Gaia EDR3 G-band magnitude (equals the Gaia DR3 G-band magnitude) (GAIAEDR3_G_CORRECTED)magphot.mag;em.opt;arith.difffloatBPmag[3.32/21.61]? Gaia EDR3 blue magnitude (GAIAEDR3_BP)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_BPmag[0/0.41]? Uncertainty in BPmag (GAIAEDR3_BP_ERR)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.BfloatnullableRPmag[3.2/20.21]? Gaia EDR3 red magnitude (GAIAEDR3_RP)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_RPmag[0/0.5]? Uncertainty in RPmag (GAIAEDR3_RP_ERR)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.RfloatnullableTmag[3.3/19.1]? TESS magnitude from the TIC (TIC_Tmag)magphot.mag;em.optfloatnullableRcont[0.0029/50.9]? TIC contamination ratio, if available (TIC_Rcont)stat.fit.omcfloatnullableo_Rcont[239/4788]? Number of stars used to compute Rcont (TIC_Ncont)meta.numberintnullableHDB-PMm[0/1]? HDBScan analysis Membership probability (HDBscan_MemProb)stat.probability;meta.code.memberfloatnullableMm[0/1]? Whether target should be considered a member from HDBScan analysis; 0=no, 1=yes (MemBool)meta.code.memberintnullableGES-Sep[0.0019/1.8]? Angular separation between Gaia EDR3 & Gaia-ESO Survey positions (angDist_GES)arcsecpos.angDistancedoublenullableGES-ClGaia-ESO Survey Cluster name ("IC2391", "IC2602", "NGC2451a" or "NGC2547") (GES_Cluster)meta.id.parentcharGES-PMm[-1/1]? Membership probability from GES (>=0.9 and <=1.0 indicates a likely member) (GES_MemProb)stat.probability;meta.code.memberfloatnullableCG-Sep[3.2e-05/1]? Angular separation between Gaia EDR3 & Cantat-Gaudin positions (angDist_Cantat-Gaudin)arcsecpos.angDistancedoublenullableCG-PMm[0.7/1]? Membership probability from Cantat-Gaudin; >=0.7 and <=1.0 indicates a likely member (CG_MemProb)stat.probability;meta.code.memberfloatnullableCG-ClCluster name from Cantat-Gaudin ("IC_2391", "IC_2602", "NGC_2547", "NGC_2451A" or "Collinder_135") (CG_Cluster)meta.id.parentcharAV[0.001/0.4]? MINESweeper analysis V-band extinction (av)magphys.absorptionfloatnullableDist[135/4762]? MINESweeper analysis distance (dist)pcpos.distancedoublenullablee_Dist[0.08/152]? Uncertainty in Dist (dist_err)pcstat.error;pos.distancefloatnullablelogAge[5.43/8.65]? MINESweeper analysis log agelog(yr)time.agefloatnullablee_logAge[0.004/0.4]? Uncertainty in logAge (logAge_err)log(yr)stat.error;time.agefloatnullablelogM[0.087/5.1]? MINESweeper analysis log mass (Mass)log(solMass)phys.massfloatnullablee_logM[0.001/1.61]? Uncertainty in logM (Mass_err)log(solMass)stat.error;phys.massfloatnullablelogTeff[3.4/4.3]? MINESweeper analysis log effective temperaturelog(K)phys.temperature.effectivefloatnullablee_logTeff[0/0.2]? Uncertainty in logTeff (logTeff_err)log(K)stat.error;phys.temperature.effectivefloatnullableProt1[0.1/13.4]? Rotational period, first periodogram peakdtime.periodfloatnullablePw1[0.04/0.991]? Power, first periodogram peakstat.fit.paramfloatnullableQ1[0/7]? Quality flag, first periodogram peak (1)meta.code.qualintnullableSig[0.018/0.5]? Minimum significance threshold for periodogram peaksstat.fit.goodnessfloatnullableProt2[0.3/3.7]? Rotational Period, second periodogram peak, if anydtime.periodfloatnullablePw2[0.05/0.41]? Power, second periodogram peak, if anystat.fit.paramfloatnullableQ2[0/7] Quality flag, second periodogram peak, if any (1)meta.code.qualintMP?Multiple rotational periods? M=Maybemeta.codecharSE?Spot evolution? M=Maybemeta.codecharBl?Blend? M=Maybemeta.codecharCN-Sep[0.2/28.5] Angular distance to closest neighbor in Gaia EDR3 (ClosestNeighborSep)arcsecpos.angDistancefloatCN-Dmag[-14.5/8.9] Magnitude difference with closest neighbor in Gaia EDR3 (ClosestNeighborMagDiff)magphot.mag;arith.difffloatBN-Sep[0.2/60] Angular distance to the brightest star within 1 arcmin in Gaia EDR3 (BrightestNeighborSep)arcsecpos.angDistancefloatBN-Dmag[-9.9/10.21] Magnitude difference with the brightest star within 1 arcmin in Gaia EDR3 (BrightestNeighborMagDiff)magphot.mag;arith.difffloat