J/ApJ/954/68ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/954/68doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/ba-xt-24CDSZaborowski E.A.Drlica-Wagner A.Ashmead F.Wu J.F.Morgan R.,Bom C.R.Shajib A.J.Birrer S.Cerny W.Buckley-Geer E.J.,Mutlu-Pakdil B.Ferguson P.S.Glazebrook K.Lozano S.J.G.Gordon Y.,Martinez M.Manwadkar V.O'Donnell J.Poh J.Riley A.Sakowska J.D.,Santana-Silva L.Santiago B.X.Sluse D.Tan C.Y.Tollerud E.J.,Verma A.Carballo-Bello J.A.Choi Y.James D.J.Kuropatkin N.,Martinez-Vazquez C.E.Nidever D.L.Castellon J.L.N.Noel N.E.D.,Olsen K.A.G.Pace A.B.Mau S.Yanny B.Zenteno A.Abbott T.M.C.,Aguena M.Alves O.Andrade-Oliveira F.Bocquet S.Brooks D.,Burke D.L.Carnero Rosell A.Carrasco Kind M.Carretero J.,Castander F.J.Conselice C.J.Costanzi M.Pereira M.E.S.,De Vicente J.Desai S.Dietrich J.P.Doel P.Everett S.Ferrero I.,Flaugher B.Friedel D.Frieman J.Garcia-Bellido J.Gruen D.,Gruendl R.A.Gutierrez G.Hinton S.R.Hollowood D.L.Honscheid K.,Kuehn K.Lin H.Marshall J.L.Melchior P.Mena-Fernandez J.,Menanteau F.Miquel R.Palmese A.Paz-Chinchon F.Pieres A.,Malagon A.A.P.Prat J.Rodriguez-Monroy M.Romer A.K.Sanchez E.,Scarpine V.Sevilla-Noarbe I.Smith M.Suchyta E.To C.,Weaverdyck N.DELVE & DES Collaborations2026-07-02T12:00:39Z2025-11-12T14:23:01ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgravitational-lensinginfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometrysurveysWe perform a search for galaxy-galaxy strong lens systems using a convolutional neural network (CNN) applied to imaging data from the first public data release of the DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey, which contains ~520 million astronomical sources covering ~4000deg2 of the southern sky to a 5{sigma} point-source depth of g=24.3, r=23.9, i=23.3, and z=22.8mag. Following the methodology of similar searches using Dark Energy Camera data, we apply color and magnitude cuts to select a catalog of ~11 million extended astronomical sources. After scoring with our CNN, the highest-scoring 50000 images were visually inspected and assigned a score on a scale from 0 (not a lens) to 3 (very probable lens). We present a list of 581 strong lens candidates, 562 of which are previously unreported. We categorize our candidates using their human-assigned scores, resulting in 55 Grade A candidates, 149 Grade B candidates, and 377 Grade C candidates. We additionally highlight eight potential quadruply lensed quasars from this sample. Due to the location of our search footprint in the northern Galactic cap (b>10deg) and southern celestial hemisphere (decl.<0deg), our candidate list has little overlap with other existing ground-based searches. Where our search footprint does overlap with other searches, we find a significant number of high-quality candidates that were previously unidentified, indicating a degree of orthogonality in our methodology. We report properties of our candidates including apparent magnitude and Einstein radius estimated from the image separation.2023ApJ...954...68Zhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/954/68CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/371 : The Dark Energy Survey (DES): Data Release 2 (Abbott+, 2021)J/ApJ/682/964 : Sloan lens ACS survey. V. (Bolton+, 2008)J/ApJ/690/1236 : COSMOS photometric redshift catalog (Ilbert+, 2009)J/ApJ/749/38 : CFHTLS-SL2S-ARCS strong lens candidates (More+, 2012)J/A+A/556/A22 : R-band light curves of RX J1131-1231 (Tewes+, 2013)J/ApJ/785/144 : SL2S galaxy-scale sample of lens candidates (Gavazzi+, 2014)J/MNRAS/465/4914 : R-band light curves of HE 0435-1223 (Bonvin+, 2017)J/ApJS/232/15 : Candidate strong lens systems from DES obs. (Diehl+, 2017)J/ApJ/851/48 : SLACS. XIII. Galaxy-scale strong lens cand. (Shu+, 2017)J/ApJ/864/91 : Compilation of galaxy-galaxy strong-lens syst. (Shu+, 2018)J/A+A/622/A165 : Gaia GraL. III. New lensed systems (Delchambre+, 2019)J/ApJS/243/17 : Strong DES lens cand. from neural networks (Jacobs+, 2019)J/MNRAS/484/5330 : High-z strong lens candidates from DES (Jacobs+, 2019)J/MNRAS/484/3879 : Galaxy-scale lenses in the KiDS (Petrillo+, 2019)J/ApJ/876/85 : HST observations for LMC Cepheids (Riess+, 2019)J/A+A/644/A163 : Pan-STARRS lens cand. from neural networks (Canameras+ 2020)J/ApJ/894/78 : Strong gravitational lenses from DECaLS (Huang+, 2020)J/MNRAS/495/1291 : SuGOHI. V. Group-to-cluster scale lenses (Jaelani+, 2020)J/A+A/642/A148 : SuGOHI VI. List up to 2020 (Sonnenfeld+, 2020)J/A+A/653/L6 : HSC-SSP lens cand. from neural networks (Canameras+, 2021)J/ApJ/916/50 : HST/WFC3 sp. of 2 strongly lensed gal. (Florian+, 2021)J/ApJ/909/27 : Strong gravitational lenses in DESI Surveys (Huang+, 2021)J/ApJ/921/42 : Gaia GraL. VI. Quadruply imaged lensed QSOs (Stern+, 2021)J/A+A/667/A141 : Hubble Asteroid Hunter. II. (Garvin+, 2022)J/ApJS/259/27 : DES Bright Arcs Survey: strong lens syst. (O'Donnell+, 2022)J/A+A/668/A73 : Search of strong lens systems in DES (Rojas+, 2022)J/A+A/662/A4 : Strong-lens candidates from HSC-SSP PDR2 (Shu+, 2022)J/PASJ/74/1209 : SuGOHI VIII. Lens candidates (Wong+, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/954/68https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/954/68http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/954/68https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/954/68https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/954/68http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/954/68GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/954/68/tableb1 (Locations and properties of our candidate lens systems)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/954/68/tableb1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/954/68/tableb1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/954/68/tableb1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true119.9792-7.12690.0055555555555555565/9710 6/21621 21630 21779 21792 21799 21809 21811 21814 21825 21831 21865 21900 21904 24585 24589 24591 24601 24606 24614 24616 24630 24648 24652 24654-24655 24659 24687 24702-24704 24706-24707 24718 24728 24730 24752 24759 24764 24783 24808 24827 24829 24832-24833 24847 24866 24884 24888 24896 24938 24947 24952 24956 24959 24971-24972 24974 24976 24981 24986 24994 25003 25005-25006 25023 25025 25027 25032 25035 25041 25049 25052 25061 25066 25075-25076 25079 25102 25112 25116 25129 25134 25138-25139 25152 25160 25168 25170 25180-25182 25207 25213 25216 25221-25222 25241 25255 25258 25262-25263 25267 25274 25280 25290-25291 25293 25297 25308 25316 25328 25331 25342 25344 25346 25364 25378 25386 25396 25408 25415-25417 25428 25432 25438 25453-25454 25470 25474 25476 25480-25481 25492 25497 25499 25504-25506 25515 25517 25526 25537 25540 25544 25549 25556-25557 25580 25596-25597 25604 25614 25626 25643 25654 25670 25682-25683 25721 25727 25767 25769 25771 25775 25781 25801 25817 25841 25846 25853 25857 25860 25868 25872 25876 25878 25882 25887-25888 25890 25909 25916 25926 25933 25937 25940 25952 26125 26135 26141 26161 26178-26179 26212 26216 26249-26251 26258 26635 26658 26685 26692 26694 26697 26701-26703 26705 26707 26715 26721 26723 26732-26733 26737 26749 26772 26778 26781 26788 26807-26809 26812-26813 26816 26818 26826 26828-26829 26832 26834 26837 26842 26845 26850 26857 26860-26861 26873-26874 26884-26885 26914-26915 26917 26922 26928-26929 26938 26949-26950 26976 27026 27136 27145 27152 27156-27157 27170 27175 27181 27205 27207 27210 27215 27218 27220 27224 27226 27234 27266 27270 27274 27276 27282-27283 27286 27290 27296 27302 31292 31366 31396 38197 38224 38242 38247 38254 38256 38260 38266 38268-38269 38277 38284 38287 38290 38317-38318 38338 38340 38344 38346 38350 38365 38370-38371 38374 38378 38385 38389 38391 38394 38567 38603 38609 38623 38644 38652 38672-38674 38681 38687 38690 38696 38701 38704 38711 38715 38718 38720 38724 38730 38743 38750 38795 38813 38821 38827 38829 38831 38833 38852 38857-38858 38879 38881 38886 38906 39284 39387 39987 39990 39995 40029-40030 40092 40102 40122 40133 40140 40151 40196-40197 40209-40212 40221 40263 40271 40281 40283 40292 40302-40303 40315 40322 40331 40337 40344 40364 40367 40399 40425 40430 40432 40435-40436 40444 40453-40454 40460 40471 40475 40479 40487 40511 40525 40539-40540 40671 40685 40715 40720-40721 40732 40744 40749 40751 40758 40769 40774 40789 40809 40815 40824 40826 40839 40847-40848 40858 40867 40871 40887 40891 40909 40917 40924 40926 40929 42611 42614 42617 42666 42680 42700 42734 42793 43304 43315 43339 43353-43354 43373 43379 43414 43426 43430 43434-43435 43447 43450 43461 43484 43519 43577 43596 43605 43607 43611 43617 43624 43636 43643 43645-43646 43679 43693 43706 43709 43715 43721 43741 43747 43749 43756 43759 43774 43793 43797 43808 43820 43823 43831 43845 43862 43876 43890 43897 43901 43904 43906 43914 43930-43931 43937 43943 43963 43968 43989 44005 44007 44030 44042-44043 44048 44109 44118 44213 44223 44229 44245 44437 44443 44445 44454 44483 44489 44514 44521-44522 44548 44550 44555 44563 44579 44659 44673-44674 44678 44693 44701 44740 44747 44749 44770 44774-44775 44804 44814 44845 44851 44905 44942 44964 44970 44985 44995 45000 45003 45008 45010 45033 45037 450541.9810291497828372e-19 4.973527819473193e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/954/68?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/954/68/tableb1Locations and properties of our candidate lens systemsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDLens candidate identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharm_IDNumber of sources for this lensmeta.numberintnullableRating[0.3/2.6] Mean final ratingmeta.code.qualfloatGradeGrade (A=high-confidence candidate) (1)meta.code.qualcharTypeObject type; Lens or source (2)src.classcharrE[0.86/9.9]? Estimated Einstein radiusarcsecphys.angSize;srcfloatnullablee_rE[0.26/1.7]? Uncertainty in rEarcsecstat.error;phys.angSizefloatnullableDELVEDELVE DR1 lens galaxy object identifiermeta.idcharObjIDDELVE DR1 object identifiermeta.idcharRAJ2000[117.48/244.1] Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-48.4/0.4] Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.maingmag[16.9/24.1]? Apparent CTIO/DECam g-band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablermag[16.56/23.8]? Apparent CTIO/DECam r-band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullableimag[16.28/23.2]? Apparent CTIO/DECam i-band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablezmag[16/23]? Apparent CTIO/DECam z-band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullable