J/ApJ/950/17ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/950/17doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/ba-xp-hCDSLi Z.Zhang T.Wang X.Zhang J.Galbany L.Filippenko A.V.,Brink T.G.Ashall C.Zheng W.de Jaeger T.Ragosta F.Deckers M.,Gromadzki M.Young D.R.Xi G.Chen J.Zhao X.Sai H.Yan S.,Xiang D.Chen Z.Li W.Wang BoZou HuSui J.Wang J.Ma J.Nie J.,Xue S.Zhou XuZhou Z.2026-07-02T11:59:35Z2025-09-03T08:30:57ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsupernovaeinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometryspectroscopyinfrared-astronomyWe have conducted photometric and spectroscopic observations of the peculiar Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2016ije that was discovered through the Tsinghua-NAOC Transient Survey. This peculiar object exploded in the outskirts of a metal-poor, low-surface brightness galaxy (i.e., M_g_=-14.5mag). Our photometric analysis reveals that SN 2016ije is subluminous (M_B,max_=-17.65+/-0.06mag) but exhibits relatively broad light curves ({Delta}m_15_(B)=1.35+/-0.14mag), similar to the behavior of SN 2002es. Our analysis of the bolometric light curve indicates that only 0.14+/-0.04M_{sun}_ of ^56^Ni was synthesized in the explosion of SN 2016ije, which suggests a less energetic thermonuclear explosion when compared to normal SNe Ia, and this left a considerable amount of unburned materials in the ejecta. Spectroscopically, SN2016ije resembles other SN 2002es-like SNe Ia, except that the ejecta velocity inferred from its carbon absorption line (~4500km/s) is much lower than that from silicon lines (~8300km/s) at around the maximum light. Additionally, most of the absorption lines are broader than other 02es-like SNe Ia. These peculiarities suggest the presence of significant unburned carbon in the inner region and a wide line-forming region along the line of sight. These characteristics suggest that SN 2016ije might originate from the violent merger of a white dwarf binary system, when viewed near an orientation along the iron-group-element cavity caused by the companion star.2023ApJ...950...17Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/950/17CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toIII/286 : APOGEE-2 DR17 final allStar catalog (Abdurro'uf+, 2022)J/AJ/130/873 : BQS objects in the SDSS DR3 area (Jester+, 2005)J/MNRAS/376/1301 : UBVRI light-curves of SN 2005cf (Pastorello+, 2007)J/ApJ/699/L139 : Spectral parameters of SNe Ia (Wang+, 2009)J/ApJS/190/418 : Light curves for 165 SNe (Ganeshalingam+, 2010)J/MNRAS/412/1441 : SNe luminosity functions (Li+, 2011)J/other/Sci/340.170 : Classifications of 188 SNe Ia (Wang+, 2013)J/A+A/568/A22 : Joint analysis of SDSS-II and SNLS SNe Ia (Betoule+, 2014)J/A+A/579/A40 : PESSTO catalog (Smartt+, 2015)J/A+A/630/A76 : SN2016hnk photometry and spectroscopy (Galbany+, 2019)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/950/17https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/950/17http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/950/17https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/950/17https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/950/17http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/950/17GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tap7.952274030004205e-20 1.7798557115773645e-19OpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/950/17/table1Optical photometric observations of SN 2016ijerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintObs[2016/2017] Year of the observation'Y:M:D'time.epochMJD[57715.6/57778.5] Modified Julian Date of the observationdtime.epochdoublePhase[-0.9/61.9] Phase (G1)time.phasefloatUmag[17.84/19.51]? Apparent U band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullablee_Umag[0.02/0.03]? Uncertainty in Umagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.UfloatnullableBmag[18.14/20.4]? Apparent B band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_Bmag[0.02/0.4]? Uncertainty in Bmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.BfloatnullableVmag[17.57/19.55]? Apparent V band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag[0.017/0.74]? Uncertainty in Vmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableRmag[17.49/19.35]? Apparent R band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_Rmag[0.019/0.43]? Uncertainty in Rmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.RfloatnullableImag[17.46/19.16]? Apparent I band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_Imag[0.02/0.35]? Uncertainty in Imagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullableTelTelescope code (1)meta.code;instr.telcharJ/ApJ/950/17/table2NIR photometric observations of SN 2016ijerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateDate of the observation (UT)'Y:M:D'time.epochnullableMJD[57719/57772.1] Modified Julian Date of the observationdtime.epochdoublePhase[2.4/55.5] Orbital phase (G1)time.phasefloatJmag[17.4/19.7] J-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_Jmag[0.2/0.4] Uncertainty on the Jmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.JfloatHmag[17.2/19.3]? H-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag[0.2/0.4]? Uncertainty on the Hmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.HfloatnullableKmag[17.2/19.3]? K band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Kmag[0.2/0.5]? Uncertainty on the Kmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.KfloatnullableTelTelescope (always "NTT"= the New Technology Telescope)meta.id;instr.telcharJ/ApJ/950/17/table3Journal of spectroscopic observations of SN 2016ijeFlag[sp] sp: spectra available in fig7.dat; column added by CDSmeta.code.errorcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateDate of observation (UT)'Y:M:D'time.epochnullableMJD[57715.7/58040.6] Modified Julian Datedtime.epochfloatPhase[-0.9/54.4]? Orbital phase (G1)time.phasefloatnullablef_Phasec=spectrum of the host galaxymeta.codecharlam1[3300/9400] Wavelength lower range in Ansgstom0.1nmem.wl;stat.minintlam2[8800/16400] Wavelength upper range in Angstrom0.1nmem.wl;stat.maxintRes[0.65/6.9] Approximate spectral resolution (FWHM) in Angstrom0.1nmspect.resolutionfloatInstTelescope and instrument (1)meta.id;instrcharJ/ApJ/950/17/fig7Optical spectral evolution of SN 2016ijee_Flux[1.5e-18/0.2]? Uncertainty in FluxcW.m**-2.nm**-1stat.error;phot.fluxdoublenullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPhase[-0.9/54.4] Phase, as in Table 3 (G1)dtime.phasefloatlambda[3334.7/10450] Wavelength; Angstroms0.1nmem.wldoubleFlux[-0.07/0.31] Observed flux; erg/s/cm^2^/AngstromscW.m**-2.nm**-1phot.fluxdouble