J/ApJ/948/93ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/948/93doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19480093CDSKelly P.L.Rodney S.Treu T.Birrer S.Bonvin V.Dessart L.,Foley R.J.Filippenko A.V.Gilman D.Jha S.Hjorth J.Mandel K.,Millon M.Pierel J.Thorp S.Zitrin A.Broadhurst T.Chen W.,Diego J.M.Dressler A.Graur OrJauzac M.Malkan M.A.McCully C.,Oguri M.Postman M.Schmidt K.B.Sharon K.Tucker B.E.,von der Linden A.Wambsganss J.2025-08-01T20:11:29Z2025-07-17T09:37:15ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frhst-photometrysupernovaegravitational-lensinginfrared-astronomyIn late 2014, four images of supernova (SN) "Refsdal," the first known example of a strongly lensed SN with multiple resolved images, were detected in the MACS J1149 galaxy-cluster field. Following the images' discovery, the SN was predicted to reappear within hundreds of days at a new position ~8" away in the field. The observed reappearance in late 2015 makes it possible to carry out Refsdal's original proposal to use a multiply imaged SN to measure the Hubble constant H_0_, since the time delay between appearances should vary inversely with H_0_. Moreover, the position, brightness, and timing of the reappearance enable a novel test of the blind predictions of galaxy-cluster models, which are typically constrained only by the positions of multiply imaged galaxies. We have developed a new photometry pipeline that uses DOLPHOT to measure the fluxes of the five images of SN Refsdal from difference images. We apply four separate techniques to perform a blind measurement of the relative time delays and magnification ratios between the last image SX and the earlier images S1-S4. We measure the relative time delay of SX-S1 to be 376.0_-5.5_^+5.6^days and the relative magnification to be 0.30_-0.3_^+0.5^. This corresponds to a 1.5% precision on the time delay and 17% precision for the magnification ratios and includes uncertainties due to millilensing and microlensing. In an accompanying paper, we place initial and blind constraints on the value of the Hubble constant.2023ApJ...948...93Khttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/948/93CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/hst : HST Archived Exposures Catalog (STScI, 2007)J/ApJS/199/25 : CLASH sources for MACS1149.6+2223 (Postman+, 2012)J/ApJ/812/114 : Grism Lens-Amplified Survey from Space. I. (Treu+, 2015)J/ApJ/822/78 : VLT/MUSE sp. obs. of MACS J1149.5+2223 (Grillo+, 2016)J/ApJ/819/114 : Strong lensing mass modeling of HFF clusters (Kawamata+, 2016)J/ApJ/817/60 : Multiply imaged supernova Refsdal (Treu+, 2016)J/A+A/642/A193 : Rc-band light curves of 6 lensed QSOs (Millon+, 2020)J/A+A/640/A105 : R-band light curves of 23 lensed QSOs (Millon+, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/948/93https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/948/93http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/948/93https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/948/93https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/948/93http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/948/93GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/948/93/images (J2000 positions of the five detected images of SN Refsdal (Table 2) and lensing parameters (Table 6))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/948/93/images?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/948/93/images?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/948/93/images?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true177.3982291722.3956250.0055555555555555566/28448https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/948/93?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/948/93/imagesJ2000 positions of the five detected images of SN Refsdal (Table 2) and lensing parameters (Table 6)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintObjImage of SN Refsdal namemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryRAJ2000Hour of right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainNpNumber of photometry measurements (link to Table 3)meta.numberintnullableLCInteractive LCs Plotmeta.ref.urlcharK[0.67/0.97] Convergence, {Kappa} parameter (1)stat.paramfloatgamma[0.09/0.5] Shear, {gamma} parameter (1)stat.paramfloatmu[4.2/19] Magnification, {mu} parameter (1)stat.paramfloatParityParity (1)stat.paramcharmut[-10.6/10.5] {mu}_t_ parameter (1)stat.paramfloatmur[1.4/2.7] {mu}_r_ parameter (1)stat.paramfloatJ/ApJ/948/93/table3Photometry of SN RefsdalObjImage of SN Refsdalmeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintFiltWFC3-IR Filter (F105W, F125W or F160W)meta.notecharMJD[56598.13/57756.91] Modified Julian date (1)dtime.epochdoubleFlux[-0.06/0.8] Flux in FiltuJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.NIRdoublee_Flux[0/0.7] Uncertainty in FluxuJystat.error;phot.flux.density;em.IR.NIRdouble