J/ApJ/946/L40ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/946/L40doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19469040CDSLangeroodi D.Hjorth J.2025-06-02T07:05:25Z2025-04-10T11:13:28ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxiesphotometrytwo-color-diagramsinfrared-astronomyastronomical-object-identificationredshiftedThe mid-infrared spectra of star-forming galaxies (SFGs) are characterized by characteristic broad polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission features at 3-20{mu}m. As these features are redshifted, they are predicted to dominate the flux at specific mid-infrared wavelengths, leading to substantial redshift-dependent color variations in broadband photometry. The advent of JWST for the first time allows the study of this effect for normal SFGs. Based on spectral energy distribution templates, we here present tracks in mid- infrared (4.4, 7.7, 10, 15, and 18{mu}m) color-color diagrams describing the redshift dependence of SFG colors. In addition, we present simulated color-color diagrams by populating these tracks using the cosmic star formation history and the star formation rate function. Depending on redshift, we find that SFGs stand out in the color-color diagrams by several magnitudes. We provide the first observational demonstration of this effect for galaxies detected in the JWST Early Release Observations of the field toward the lensing cluster SMACS J0723.3-7327. While the distribution of detected galaxies is consistent with the simulations, the numbers are substantially boosted by lensing effects. The PAH emitter with the highest spectroscopic redshift, detected in all bands, is a multiply imaged galaxy at z=1.45. There is also a substantial number of cluster members that do not exhibit PAH emission except for one SFG at z=0.38. Future wider-field observations will further populate mid-infrared color-color diagrams and provide insight into the evolution of typical SFGs.2023ApJ...946L..40Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/946/L40CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/656/770 : Mid-IR spectrum of star-forming galaxies (Smith+, 2007)J/ApJ/705/885 : PAH in galaxies at z~0.1 (O'Dowd+, 2009)J/ApJS/182/628 : Spitzer quasar and ULIRG evolution study (Veilleux+, 2009)J/ApJ/719/1191 : Mid-IR indicators of SF and AGN in galaxies (Treyer+, 2010)J/ApJ/723/895 : IR luminosities and aromatic features of 5MUSES (Wu+, 2010)J/ApJ/759/139 : Herschel + MIPS phot. of GOODS sources (Kirkpatrick+, 2012)J/ApJS/212/18 : An atlas of UV-to-MIR galaxy SEDs (Brown+, 2014)J/ApJ/790/124 : Dust and gas physics of the GOALS sample (Stierwalt+, 2014)J/A+A/617/A130 : Luminous infrared galaxies AKARI 2.5-5um data (Inami+, 2018)J/ApJ/884/85 : RELICS: Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey (Coe+, 2019)J/ApJ/884/136 : PAH features of star-forming gal. using IRS (Xie+, 2019)J/A+A/666/L9 : SMACS J0723.3-7327 first JWST observations (Caminha+, 2022)J/ApJ/946/L35 : High-z galaxies from JWST ERO (Morishita+, 2023)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/946/L40https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/946/L40http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/946/L40https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/946/L40https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/946/L40http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/946/L40GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/946/L40/table1 (*Measured photometry of the sources plotted in Figures 2, 3, and 4)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/946/L40/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/946/L40/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/946/L40/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true110.786802-73.44149030.0055555555555555566/373951.0217399277414952e-20 6.285158290915663e-20https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/946/L40?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/946/L40/table1*Measured photometry of the sources plotted in Figures 2, 3, and 4recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintID[2/554] Sequential identifier used in this workmeta.id;meta.mainintRAJ2000[110.7/111] Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-73.5/-73.4] Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainF356W[18.73/25] JWST/NIRCam F356W band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloate_F356W[0.0001/0.008] Uncertainty in F356Wmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatF444W[19.07/25.3] JWST/NIRCam F444W band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloate_F444W[0.0001/0.02] Uncertainty in F444Wmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatF770W[19.24/25.2] JWST/MIRI F770W band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloate_F770W[0.001/0.15] Uncertainty in F770Wmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatF1000W[17.99/25.4] JWST/MIRI F1000W band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.8-15umfloate_F1000W[0.0004/0.2] Uncertainty in F1000Wmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.8-15umfloatF1500W[18.2/28.4]? JWST/MIRI F1500W band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_F1500W[0.0008/9.2]? Uncertainty in F1500Wmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullableF1800W[18/29.7]? JWST/MIRI F1800W band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullablee_F1800W[0.0015/86.4]? Uncertainty in F1800Wmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullable[CSM2022][21/76]? Literature ID from Caminha+ 2022, J/A+A/666/L9meta.id.crossintnullable[CBM2023][9483]? ID for zspec from Carnall+ 2023MNRAS.518L..45Cmeta.id.crossintnullablezspec[0.32/1.5]? MUSE/NIRSpec spectroscopic redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatnullableRELICSDisplay data from Coe+ 2019, J/ApJ/884/85 within 0.8"meta.ref.urlintnullable