Milky Way field giants from Gaia & APASS I-band J/ApJ/939/96 ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/939/96 doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19390096 CDS Li S. Casertano S. Riess A.G. 2026-08-03T07:22:33Z 2025-04-14T08:59:35Z CDS support team CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France cds-question@unistra.fr giant-stars milky-way-galaxy two-color-diagrams infrared-photometry visible-astronomy broad-band-photometry extinction trigonometric-parallax The calibration of the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) in the I-band has a direct role in determinations of the Hubble constant, a subject of recent interest due to the discrepancy between direct and indirect estimates of its value. We present a maximum likelihood method designed to obtain an independent calibration of the brightness of TRGB using Gaia parallaxes from the Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) of Milky Way field giants at high Galactic latitude. We adopt simple parameterizations for the Milky Way stellar luminosity function and density law and optimize the likelihood of the observed sample as a function of those parameters. Using parameters to partially constrain the luminosity function from other galaxies similar to the Milky Way for which high-quality TRGB data are available, we find values of the TRGB magnitude of M_I_^TRGB^=-3.91+/-0.05(stat)+/-0.09(sys)mag, where the systematic uncertainty covers the range of shape parameters found in our Milky Way sample and in reference galaxies. While APASS Data Release 9 all-sky photometry is insufficient to provide a reliable constraint on the shape of the Milky Way luminosity function, we estimate that the photometry from Gaia Data Release 3 (mid-2022) will allow better constraints on the shape, and lower statistical uncertainties on the tip by a factor of 3. With the expected releases of improved parallax measurements from Gaia, the method of calibrating the TRGB luminosity from field giants is expected to reach ~0.01mag uncertainty, which is an important step toward a precise TRGB-based determination of the Hubble constant. 2022ApJ...939...96L https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/939/96 Catalog Research IsServedBy TAP VizieR generic service IsServedBy Conesearch service related-to II/336 : AAVSO Photometric All Sky Survey (APASS) DR9 (Henden+, 2016) I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020) I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022) J/ApJ/845/146 : Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program. II. IC 1613 (Hatt+, 2017) J/MNRAS/482/5138 : Gal. GC mean proper motions & velocities (Baumgardt+, 2019) J/ApJ/886/61 : OGLE-III, MCPS and HST VI obs. of LMC & SMC (Yuan+, 2019) J/ApJ/904/13 : RVel for 10 giant eclipsing binaries (Graczyk+, 2020) J/ApJ/906/125 : The Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program IX. M106 (Jang+, 2021) J/AJ/161/176 : KISOGP: 7055 eclipsing binaries with KWFC (Ren+, 2021) J/ApJS/252/23 : E(V-I) reddening map of MCs from OGLE-IV (Skowron+, 2021) J/ApJ/908/L5 : Color-magnitude diagram for {omega} Centauri (Soltis+, 2021) J/MNRAS/505/5978 : Gaia EDR3 view on Gal. globular clusters (Vasiliev+, 2021) https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.html https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/939/96 https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/939/96 http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/939/96 https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/939/96 https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/939/96 http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/939/96 GET text/xml+votable https://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tap Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/939/96/table1 (Milky Way field giants in final sample; corrected version by the author) https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/939/96/table1? https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/939/96/table1? http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/939/96/table1? 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48179-48181 48184 48186-48187 48190-48193 48197 48200-48201 48207 48212 48217 48220 48228 48230 48234 48240 48242 48245 48249 48252 48256 48259-48260 48263 48274 48276-48277 48281 48284-48286 48309 48327 48329-48331 48334-48337 48339 48345 48350-48351 48353 48356 48370 48373-48374 48380-48382 48386 48390-48392 48394 48397 48401 48403 48411 48415 48417 48419 48428 48434-48435 48437 48441 48444 48454 48469 48472 48474 48480 48482-48483 48488 48493 48495-48496 48506 48508-48509 48511 48514 48525 48527 48529 48531 48540 48543 48546 48548 48550-48551 48553-48555 48563 48568 48573 48576-48578 48580 48583 48588 48592 48606 48609 48615 48617 48619-48620 48622-48623 48626-48629 48634 48637-48638 48725 48896-48897 48899-48901 48903 48912-48913 48917-48921 48924-48926 48961 48964 48967 48974-48976 48979 48981 48983 48985 48987 48991-48992 48997 49008 49010-49011 49013 49015 49020 1.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19 https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/939/96?format=ascii Optical Infrared default J/ApJ/939/96/table1 Milky Way field giants in final sample; corrected version by the author recno Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification. meta.record int Gaia Gaia EDR3 identifier meta.id;meta.main Gmag [9.6/13] Gaia EDR3 G-band magnitude mag phot.mag;em.opt float BP-RP [1.3/5] Gaia EDR3 GBP-RBP color mag phot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.R float Imag [8.6/11.7] Johnson-Cousins I magnitude from APASS (1) mag phot.mag;em.opt.I float e_Imag [0.009/0.5] Dispersion in Imag mag stat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.I float omega [0.046/0.5] Measured parallax (2) mas pos.parallax.trig float e_omega [0.008/0.1] Parallax error mas stat.error;pos.parallax.trig float b [0.58/1] Galactic latitude deg pos.galactic.lat float AImag [0.005/1.5] I-band extinction (3) mag phys.absorption;em.opt.I float e_AImag [0/0.17] Uncertainty in AImag mag stat.error;phys.absorption;em.opt.I float APASS Display data from APASS DR9 (II/336) within 3" meta.ref.url char Simbad Simbad column added by the CDS meta.ref.url char _RA Positions from Gaia DR3 (I/355), RAJ2000 and DEJ2000 (right ascension part) deg pos.eq.ra;meta.main _DE Positions from Gaia DR3 (I/355), RAJ2000 and DEJ2000 (declination part) deg pos.eq.dec;meta.main