J/ApJ/935/L9ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/935/L9doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19359009CDSBailer-Jones C.A.L.2024-04-19T15:08:18Z2022-08-17T06:41:09ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frstellar-distanceradial-velocityvisible-astronomyClose encounters of stars to the Sun could affect life on Earth through gravitational perturbations of comets in the Oort cloud or exposure to ionizing radiation. By integrating orbits through the Galactic potential, I identify which of 33 million stars in Gaia DR3 with complete phase space information come close to the Sun. 61 stars formally approach within 1pc, although there is high confidence in only 42 (two thirds) of these, the rest being spurious measurements or (in) binary systems. Most of the stars will encounter within the past or future 6Myr; earlier/later encounters are less common due to the magnitude limit of the Gaia radial velocities (RVs). Several close encountering stars are identified for the first time, and the encounter times, distances, and velocities of previously known close encounters are determined more precisely on account of the significantly improved precision of Gaia DR3 over earlier releases. The K7 dwarf Gl 710 remains the closest known encounter, with an estimated (median) encounter distance of 0.0636pc (90% confidence interval 0.0595-0.0678pc) to take place in 1.3Myr. The new second closest encounter took place 2.8Myr ago: this was the G3 dwarf HD 7977, now 76pc away, which approached within less than 0.05pc of the Sun with a probability of one third. The apparent close encounter of the white dwarf UPM J0812-3529 is probably spurious due to an incorrect RV in Gaia DR3.2022ApJ...935L...9Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/935/L9CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)I/347 : Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia DR2J/A+A/609/A8 : Close encounters to the Sun in Gaia DR1 (Bailer-Jones, 2018)J/A+A/575/A35 : Close star encounters (Bailer-Jones, 2015)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/935/L9https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/935/L9http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/935/L9https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/935/L9https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/935/L9http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/935/L9GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/935/L9/table12 (Perihelion (encounter) and additional parameters (Tables 1 & 2) for all stars with a median perihelion distance (dphmed) below 1pc)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/935/L9/table12?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/935/L9/table12?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/935/L9/table12?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true274.9618380955178-1.93861094463920.0055555555555555566/1514 2831 2972 3630 5512 6394 6474 6606 8044 12267 12730 13688 13875 14358 15520 20778 20795 20815 20843 21326 21369 21703 22036 22073 22158 22327 22793 22872 22895 23164 23414 23591 23960 24470 25581 25729 26125 28223 28714 29249 29528 30345 32235 33845 37385 37985 38865 38894 39397 39446 39463 39585 39894 41591 41896 44224 46065 46959 47795 49024 491251.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/935/L9?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/935/L9/table12Perihelion (encounter) and additional parameters (Tables 1 & 2) for all stars with a median perihelion distance (dphmed) below 1pcvph55% confidence interval bound on vphkm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatvph9595% confidence interval bound on vphkm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatPlxZeropoint-corrected Gaia DR3 parallaxmaspos.parallaxfloate_PlxStandard error of parallaxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatPMGaia DR3 total proper motion (pm)mas/yrpos.pmdoublee_PMStandard error of PM (3)mas/yrstat.errorfloatRVGaia DR3 radial velocity (radial_velocity)km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_RVRadial velocity error (radial_velocity_error)km/sstat.errorfloatrv/vtRatio, absolute radial velocity to transverse velocity (4)phys.veloc;arith.diffintGmagGaia DR3 G-band mean magnitude (phot_g_mean_mag)magphot.mag;em.optdoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintFlag[b;d ] Source flag (1)meta.code.errorcharSeq[1/61] Sequential identifiermeta.idintGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 identifier (source_id) (2)meta.id;meta.maintphmedMedian perihelion timekyrsrc.orbital.periastron;stat.medianfloattph55% confidence interval bound on tphkyrtime.epochfloattph9595% confidence interval bound on tphkyrtime.epochfloatdphmedMedian perihelion distancepcpos.distance;src.orbital.periastron;stat.medianfloatdph55% confidence interval bound on dphpcpos.distance;src.orbitalfloatdph9595% confidence interval bound on dphpcpos.distance;src.orbitalfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decindexedvphmedMedian perihelion velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatBP-RPGaia DR3 BP-RP color (bp_rp)magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RdoubleGMAGAbsolute G-band magnitude (5)magphot.magdoubleRUWERenormalised unit weight error (ruwe)stat.errordoubleSolvedWhich parameters have been solved for? (astrometric_params_solved)meta.noteintIPDfmpPercent of successful-IPD windows with more than one peak (ipd_frac_multi_peak)stat.fit.paramintRVS/NExpected signal to noise ratio (rv_expected_sig_to_noise)stat.snrdoubleo_RVNumber of transits used to compute the radial velocity (rv_nb_transits)meta.numberintGLONGaia DR3 Galactic longitude (l)degpos.galactic.lonGLATGaia DR3 Galactic latitude (b)degpos.galactic.lat