J/ApJ/933/94ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/933/94doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19330094CDSBrown W.R.Kilic M.Kosakowski A.Gianninas A.2025-02-12T20:09:08Z2024-10-10T08:27:31ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frwhite-dwarf-starsmultiple-starsvisible-astronomyspectroscopyradial-velocitystellar-masseseffective-temperaturestellar-distancetwo-color-diagramsWe present the discovery of 17 double white dwarf (WD) binaries from our ongoing search for extremely low mass (ELM) <0.3M_{sun}_ WDs, objects that form from binary evolution. Gaia parallax provides a new means of target selection that we use to evaluate our original ELM Survey selection criteria. Cross-matching the Gaia and Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) catalogs, we identify an additional 36 ELM WD candidates with 17<g<19mag and within the 3{sigma} uncertainties of our original color selection. The resulting discoveries imply the ELM Survey sample was 90% complete in the color range -0.4<(g-r)_0_<-0.1mag (approximately 9000K<Teff<22000K). Our observations complete the sample in the SDSS footprint. Two newly discovered binaries, J123950.370-204142.28 and J232208.733+210352.81, have orbital periods of 22.5 and 32 minutes, respectively, and are future Laser Interferometer Space Antenna gravitational-wave sources.2022ApJ...933...94Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/933/94CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/154 : Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS), Release 16 (DR16) (Ahumada+, 2020)I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)J/ApJ/743/138 : Spectroscopic survey of bright WDs (Gianninas+, 2011)J/ApJ/730/128 : Spectroscopy of DA WD from the SDSS-DR4 (Tremblay+, 2011)J/ApJ/751/55 : MMT hypervelocity star survey. II. (Brown+, 2012)J/A+A/557/A19 : Mass & age of extreme low-mass white dwarfs (Althaus+, 2013)J/ApJ/794/35 : Binary WDs atmospheric parameters (Gianninas+, 2014)J/ApJ/812/167 : The ELM survey. VI. 11 ELM WD binaries (Gianninas+, 2015)J/MNRAS/446/4078 : New WD stars in SDSS DR10 (Kepler+, 2015)J/A+A/595/A35 : Low-mass helium WDs evolutionary models (Istrate+, 2016)J/MNRAS/455/3413 : New WD and subdwarf stars in SDSS DR12 (Kepler+, 2016)J/ApJ/839/23 : Subdwarf A stars vs ELM WDs radial velocities (Brown+, 2017)J/MNRAS/471/4218 : 4 low-mass WD candidates velocities (Kilic+, 2017)J/MNRAS/475/2480 : Extremely-low mass WD star (Pelisoli+, 2018)J/MNRAS/488/2892 : Gaia DR2 extremely low-mass WD candidates (Pelisoli+, 2019)J/ApJ/892/L35 : He+He WD SDSS J232230.20+050942.0 RVels (Brown+, 2020)J/ApJ/889/49 : The ELM Survey. VIII. Double WD binaries (Brown+, 2020)J/A+A/641/A157 : Limb-darkening coefficients for WDs (Claret+, 2020)J/ApJ/894/53 : ELM Survey South. I. RVs for 6 ELM WDs (Kosakowski+, 2020)J/MNRAS/508/3877 : Catalogue of WDs in Gaia EDR3 (Gentile+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/933/94https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/933/94http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/933/94https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/933/94https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/933/94http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/933/94GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/933/94/table1 (*Measured and derived white dwarf parameters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/933/94/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/933/94/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/933/94/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true3.1902583314.665744440.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/933/94/table2 (Binary parameters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/933/94/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/933/94/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/933/94/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true15.36956584.03303750.0055555555555555566/44 2274 2562 2652 4140 4299 4781 5042 5107 6440 6597 7772 8325 8784 9015 9506 10012 10028 11134 11279 11393 11604 11838 12368 12534 12571 12575 12791 13319 13403 16003 16033 16872 17615 17936 18132 18252 18623 18757 18890 18900 18905 19114 19644 19670 19800 20078 20368 21770 21900 24894 25428 26170 26360 26471 27468 27949 31435 31621 49023https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/933/94?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/933/94/table1*Measured and derived white dwarf parameterse_(u-g)0[0.02/0.1] Uncertainty in (u-g)0magstat.error;phot.color;em.optfloatTeff[8927/22614] Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveinte_Teff[90/920] Uncertainty in TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintlogg[4.4/8] log surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloate_logg[0.02/0.3] Uncertainty in log(g)log(cm.s**-2)stat.error;phys.gravityfloatMass[0.17/0.6] Stellar masssolMassphys.massfloate_Mass[0.01/0.1] Uncertainty in MasssolMassstat.error;phys.massfloatgMAG[3.6/11.5] Absolute SDSS g band AB magnitudemagphys.magAbs;em.opt.Bfloate_gMAG[0.05/0.5] Uncertainty in gMagmagstat.error;phys.magAbs;em.opt.BfloatDspec[0.19/8.3] Spectroscopic derived distancekpcpos.distancefloate_Dspec[0.019/3.5] Uncertainty in Dspeckpcstat.error;pos.distancefloatplx[-0.03/3.4] Gaia EDR3 parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plx[0.07/0.4] Uncertainty in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatGaiaGaia EDR3 source identifiermeta.id;meta.mainRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainPub[0/1] Previously published object (1)meta.codeintBin[0/1] Binary with an orbital solution (1=true; 38 occurrences)meta.codeintg0mag[16/19] De-reddened SDSS g band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.BfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchare_g0mag[0.01/0.04] Uncertainty in g0magmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.BfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDObject identifier (JHHMM+DDMM)meta.idcharprimary(g-r)0[-0.4/-0.11] De-reddened SDSS (g-r) colormagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Rfloate_(g-r)0[0.016/0.05] Uncertainty in (g-r)0magstat.error;phot.color;em.optfloat(u-g)0[0.01/1.02] De-reddened SDSS (u-g) colormagphot.color;em.opt.U;em.opt.BfloatNbinDisplay the parameters for the new binaries (link to Table 2)meta.ref.urlintnullableNrvNumber of radial velocity measurements for this starmeta.numberintnullableSloanDisplay the online SDSS-DR17 data for the nearest objectmeta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/933/94/table2Binary parametersIDObject identifier (JHHMM+DDMM)meta.id;meta.maincharVPVelocity Plotmeta.ref.urlcharM2[0.19/1.1] Minimum mass companion, M_2,min_solMassphys.mass;stat.minfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPer[0.015/0.93] Orbital period (1)dtime.perioddoublee_Per[5e-05/0.02] Uncertainty in Perdstat.error;time.perioddoubleK[89/558] Radial velocity semi-amplitudekm/sspect.dopplerVelocfloate_K[3/13] Uncertainty in Kkm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocfloatgamma[-205/87] Systemic velocity corrected for gravitational redshift, {gamma}km/sphys.velocfloate_gamma[2.8/14] Uncertainty in gammakm/sstat.error;phys.velocfloatlogtau[6.6/11.7] log maximum gravitational-wave merger timescale, log_{tau}GW,max_time.scalefloat_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableJ/ApJ/933/94/fig6Radial velocity measurementsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDObject identifier (JHHMM+DDMM)meta.id;meta.maincharHJD[5741/9553] Heliocentric Julian Date; HJD-2450000dtime.epochdoubleHRV[-509/537] Heliocentric radial velocitykm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_HRV[3/93] Uncertainty in HRVkm/sstat.error;phys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloat