J/ApJ/932/58ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/932/58doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/ba-x4-1tCDSJacobson-Galan W.V.Venkatraman P.Margutti R.Khatami D.Terreran G.,Foley R.J.Angulo R.Angus C.R.Auchettl K.Blanchard P.K.,Bobrick A.Bright J.S.Brout D.Chambers K.C.Couch C.D.,Coulter D.A.Clever K.Davis K.W.de Boer T.J.L.DeMarchi L.,Dodd S.A.Jones D.O.Johnson J.Kilpatrick C.D.Khetan N.Lai Z.,Langeroodi D.Lin C.-C.Magnier E.A.Milisavljevic D.Perets H.B.,Pierel J.D.R.Raymond J.Rest S.Rest A.Ridden-Harper R.Shen K.J.,Siebert M.R.Smith C.Taggart K.Tinyanont S.Valdes F.Villar V.A.,Wang Q.Yadavalli S.K.Zenati Y.Zenteno A.2026-07-02T11:58:40Z2025-06-17T11:45:58ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsupernovaeinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometryspectroscopyWe present panchromatic observations and modeling of calcium-strong supernovae (SNe) 2021gno in the star-forming host-galaxy NGC 4165 and 2021inl in the outskirts of elliptical galaxy NGC 4923, both monitored through the Young Supernova Experiment transient survey. The light curves of both, SNe show two peaks, the former peak being derived from shock cooling emission (SCE) and/or shock interaction with circumstellar material (CSM). The primary peak in SN 2021gno is coincident with luminous, rapidly decaying X-ray emission (L_x_=5x10^41^erg/s) detected by Swift-XRT at {delta}t=1d after explosion, this observation being the second-ever detection of X-rays from a calcium-strong transient. We interpret the X-ray emission in the context of shock interaction with CSM that extends to r<3x10^14^cm. Based on X-ray modeling, we calculate a CSM mass M_CSM_=(0.3-1.6)x10^-3^M_{sun}_ and density n=(1-4)x10^10^cm^-3^. Radio nondetections indicate a low-density environment at larger radii (r>10^16^cm) and mass-loss rate of dM/dt<10^-4^M_{sun}_/yr. SCE modeling of both primary light-curve peaks indicates an extended- progenitor envelope mass M_e_=0.02-0.05M_{sun}_ and radius R_e_=30-230R_{sun}_. The explosion properties suggest progenitor systems containing either a low-mass massive star or a white dwarf (WD), the former being unlikely given the lack of local star formation. Furthermore, the environments of both SNe are consistent with low-mass hybrid He/C/O WD + C/O WD mergers.2022ApJ...932...58Jhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/932/58CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toVIII/76 : Leiden/Argentine/Bonn (LAB) Survey of Galactic HI (Kalberla+ 2005)J/A+A/465/71 : 21cm observations of 452 galaxies (Theureau+, 2007)J/MNRAS/383/1485 : BVRI light curves of SN 2003jd (Valenti+, 2008)J/ApJ/721/1608 : Absolute UV magnitudes of type Ia SNe (Brown+, 2010)J/ApJ/742/L18 : Follow-up phot. of the SN IIb PTF 11eon (Arcavi+, 2011)J/MNRAS/425/1789 : Berkeley supernova Ia program. I. (Silverman+, 2012)J/MNRAS/428/729 : GRB Swift X-ray light curves analysis (Margutti+, 2013)J/MNRAS/429/3330 : AMI Galactic Plane Survey at 16GHz. I. (Perrott+, 2013)J/ApJ/836/60 : Bgri LCs of PTF11kmb and PTF12bho (Lunnan+, 2017)J/other/Sci/362.201 : iPTF 14gqr (SN 2014ft) photometry (De+, 2018)J/ApJ/855/107 : PMAS Integral-field SN hosts COmpilation (Galbany+, 2018)J/ApJ/867/105 : ATLAS all-sky stellar ref. cat. (Tonry+, 2018)J/A+A/630/A76 : SN2016hnk photometry and spectroscopy (Galbany+, 2019)J/ApJ/905/58 : Local universe with ZTF. I. Ca-rich gaps (De+, 2020)J/ApJ/902/86 : Type Ic SN 2020bvc UV to NIR LCs and opt. sp. (Ho+, 2020)J/ApJ/898/166 : UV to NIR obs. of SN 2019ehk (Jacobson-Galan+, 2020)J/ApJ/896/165 : Opt. light curves of SN 2016hnk (Jacobson-Galan+, 2020)J/ApJ/900/46 : UV, opt. & IR LC of supernova SN2019dge (Yao+, 2020)J/ApJ/924/55 : UV & optical obs. of type Ic SN 2020oi (Gagliano+, 2022)J/ApJ/924/15 : Final moments. I. SN 2020tlf (Jacobson-Galan+, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/932/58https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/932/58http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/932/58https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/932/58https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/932/58http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/932/58GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/932/58/tablea2Optical Spectroscopy of SN 2021gnorecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateDate of observation (UT)'Y:M:D'time.epochnullableMJD[59295/59376] Modified Julian Datedtime.epochintPhase[2.3/83.3] Phase relative to explosion (MJD59292.7)dtime.phasefloatTelTelescopemeta.id;instr.telcharInstInstrumentmeta.id;instrcharWaveWavelength range ({AA})0.1nmem.wlcharspInteractive spectrum plot (from Data behind Figure 4)meta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/932/58/tablea4Optical Spectroscopy of SN 2021inlrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateDate of observation (UT)'Y:M:D'time.epochnullableMJD[59317/59403] Modified Julian Datedtime.epochintPhase[7.7/93.7] Phase relative to explosion (MJD59309.4)dtime.phasefloatTelTelescopemeta.id;instr.telcharInstInstrument ("Kast" or "LRIS")meta.id;instrcharWaveWavelength range ({AA})0.1nmem.wlcharspInteractive spectrum plot (from Data behind Figure 3b)meta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/932/58/tablea7Optical photometry of SN 2021inlrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMJD[59309.48/59414.28] Modified Julian Date of observation (JD-2400000.5)time.epochdoublePhase[0.09/105] Phase (1)dtime.phasefloatFiltFilter (griz, c, o, B)meta.id;instr.filtercharl_omagLimit flag on omagmeta.code.errorcharomag[19.44/25.92] Observed magnitude in Filtermagphot.magfloate_omag[0.04/1.1]? Uncertainty in omagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableInstInstrument (2)meta.id;instrcharJ/ApJ/932/58/tablea8Optical photometry of SN 2021gnorecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMJD[59293.24/59595.35] Modified Julian Date of observation (JD-2400000.5)time.epochdoublePhase[0.5/303] Phase (1)dtime.phasefloatFiltFilter (ubvm2w1w2, oc, griz, Vir)meta.id;instr.filtercharl_omagLimit flag on omagmeta.code.errorcharomag[16.9/25.8] Observed magnitude in Filtermagphot.magfloate_omag[0.01/0.5]? Uncertainty in omagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableInstInstrument (2)meta.id;instrchar