J/ApJ/927/64ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/927/64doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/ba-wz-20CDSNunez E.H.Kirby E.N.Steidel C.C.2026-07-02T11:58:35Z2024-01-09T12:31:52ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frquasarsredshiftedvisible-astronomyspectroscopychemical-abundancesastronomical-reference-materialssupernovaeWe place empirical constraints on the yields from zero- and low-metallicity core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) using abundances measured in very metal-poor (VMP; [Fe/H]<=-2) damped Ly{alpha} absorbers (DLAs). For some abundance ratios ([N,Al,S/Fe]), VMP DLAs constrain the metal yields of the first SNe more reliably than VMP stars. We compile a large sample of high-S/N VMP DLAs from over 30yr of literature, most with high-resolution spectral measurements. We infer the initial-mass-function-averaged CCSNe yield from the median values from the DLA abundance ratios of C, N, O, Al, Si, S, and Fe (over Fe and O). We assume that the DLAs are metal-poor enough that they represent galaxies in their earliest stages of evolution, when CCSNe are the only nucleosynthetic sources of the metals we analyze. We compare five sets of zero- and low-metallicity theoretical yields to the empirical yields derived in this work. We find that the five models agree with the DLA yields for ratios containing Si and S. Only one model (HW10; Heger & Woosley 2010ApJ...724..341H) reproduced the DLA values for N, and one other model (LC18; Limongi & Chieffi 2018ApJS..237...13L) reproduced [N/O]. We found little change in the theoretical yields with the adoption of an SN explosion landscape (where certain progenitor masses collapse into black holes, contributing no yields) onto HW10, but fixing explosion energy to progenitor mass results in wide disagreements between the predictions and DLA abundances. We investigate the adoption of a simple, observationally motivated initial distribution of rotational velocities for LC18 and find a slight improvement.2022ApJ...927...64Nhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/927/64CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/A+A/370/426 : UVES sp. of APM BR J0307-4945 (Dessauges-Zavadsky+, 2001)J/A+A/416/1117 : Abundances in the early Galaxy (Cayrel+, 2004)J/ApJ/649/L61 : SDSS J155810.16-003120.0 abundances (O'Meara+, 2006)J/ApJS/171/29 : UCSD/Keck Damped Lya Abundance Database (Prochaska+, 2007)J/ApJ/708/560 : Spectroscopy of UMa II and Coma Ber (Frebel+, 2010)J/ApJ/724/341 : Nucleosynthesis of massive metal-free stars (Heger+, 2010)J/ApJ/723/1632 : Abundance spreads in Bootes I and Segue 1 (Norris+, 2010)J/ApJ/721/1 : Keck ESI observations of Ly{alpha} systems (Penprase+, 2010)J/ApJ/755/89 : Metallicities of damped Ly{alpha} systems (Rafelski+, 2012)J/ApJ/763/61 : Abund. of 7 red giant members of BootesI (Gilmore+, 2013)J/A+A/556/A141 : ESO-UVES Advanced Data Products (EUADP) (Zafar+, 2013)J/ApJ/786/74 : EW measurements of 6 Segue 1 red giants (Frebel+, 2014)J/A+A/562/A146 : Chemical abundances of 8 metal-poor stars (Ishigaki+, 2014)J/ApJ/797/21 : Carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars (Placco+, 2014)J/MNRAS/440/2665 : SDSS J021933.13+200830.2 spectroscopy (Roederer+, 2014)J/MNRAS/452/4326 : Metal-rich damped Ly{alpha} systems at z~2 (Berg+, 2015)J/ApJ/801/125 : Carbon in red giants in GCs and dSph galaxies (Kirby+, 2015)J/ApJ/817/41 : Abundances of 4 metal-poor red giants in BooII (Ji+, 2016)J/AJ/151/82 : The 4 brightest red giants in Ret 2 (Roederer+, 2016)J/MNRAS/456/4488 : XQ-100 survey neutral gas (Sanchez-Ramirez+, 2016)J/ApJ/838/44 : Abund. of the brightest member of Tuc III (Hansen+, 2017)J/ApJ/838/83 : RVels, abundances & membership in TriII (Kirby+, 2017)J/ApJ/857/74 : Abundances of 7 new member stars in Tucana II (Chiti+, 2018)J/A+A/611/A76 : DLAS dust-corrected metallicity (De Cia+, 2018)J/ApJ/857/46 : Modelled vs observed abund. of EMP stars (Ishigaki+, 2018)J/ApJS/237/13 : Models & yields of massive stars (Limongi+, 2018)J/ApJ/852/99 : Abund. of 3 metal-poor stars in Hor I (Nagasawa+, 2018)J/A+A/630/A104 : Disk and halo stars C, O and Fe abundances (Amarsi+, 2019)J/A+A/622/L4 : Carbon and oxygen in metal-poor halo stars (Amarsi+, 2019)J/ApJ/870/83 : Abund. in ultra-faint dwarf gal. GruI & TriII (Ji+, 2019)J/ApJ/882/177 : Abund. of 4 member stars of Tucana III (Marshall+, 2019)J/ApJ/891/85 : Manganese abund. in GC & dSph galaxies (de los Reyes+, 2020)J/MNRAS/502/4009 : Sub-damped Lyman {alpha} systems in XQ-100 II (Berg+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/927/64https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/927/64http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/927/64https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/927/64https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/927/64http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/927/64GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/927/64/table1 (Metal summary of very metal-poor (VMP; [Fe/H]<=-2) damped Ly{alpha} absorbers (DLAs))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/927/64/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/927/64/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/927/64/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true7.5984414-18.33225470.0055555555555555566/4168 4187 4916 4947 5051 5270 5306 5375 5515 5731 5848 6238 6591 6647 7424 8324 8395 8657 9141 9314 9343 9508 9523 9827 10182 10383 10436 10753 10856 11319 11791 11873 13314 15278 16269 16589 16798 17190 17244 17516 17749 18642 18769 19993 20116 20384 25294 25540 25986 26088 26109 26453 26479 26574 26614 26882 27161 27348 27396 27728 27762 28171 28174 28281 31331 33746 34379 34809 35737 36271 44724 48154 48474 49019https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/927/64?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/927/64/table1Metal summary of very metal-poor (VMP; [Fe/H]<=-2) damped Ly{alpha} absorbers (DLAs)SimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDQuasar abbreviated designationmeta.idcharNameQuasar full name (1)meta.id;meta.maincharzabs[1.77/5.94] Redshift of the DLAsrc.redshiftdoublelogNHI[20/21.8] Log of HI column densitycm**-2phys.columnDensityfloate_logNHI[0.02/0.2] logNHI uncertaintycm**-2stat.errorfloatl_[Fe/H]Upper limit flag on [Fe/H]meta.code.error;phys.abund.Fechar[Fe/H][-3.45/-1.91] Log of Fe/H abundancelog(Sun)phys.abund.Fefloate_[Fe/H][0.001/0.3]? [Fe/H] uncertaintylog(Sun)stat.error;phys.abund.Fefloatnullablef_[C/H][<x] Limit flag on [C/H] ("x" when no value)meta.codechar[C/H][-3.43/-1.51]? Log of C/H abundancelog(Sun)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[C/H][0.03/0.2]? [C/H] uncertaintylog(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullablef_[N/H][<x] Limit flag on [N/H] ("x" when no value)meta.codechar[N/H][-4.2/-2.04]? Log of N/H abundancelog(Sun)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[N/H][0.04/0.15]? [N/H] uncertaintylog(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullablef_[O/H][<x] Limit flag on [O/H] ("x" when no value)meta.codecharRefReference code (2)meta.notechar[O/H][-3.17/-1.45]? Log of O/H abundancelog(Sun)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[O/H][0.015/0.2]? [O/H] uncertaintylog(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullablef_[Al/H][<x] Limit flag on [Al/H] ("x" when no value)meta.codechar[Al/H][-3.37/-1.52]? Log of Al/H abundancelog(Sun)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[Al/H][0.03/0.2]? [Al/H] uncertaintylog(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullablef_[Si/H][<x] Limit flag on [Si/H] ("x" when no value)meta.codechar[Si/H][-3.21/-1.35]? Log of Si/H abundancelog(Sun)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[Si/H][0.001/0.2]? [Si/H] uncertaintylog(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullablef_[S/H][<x] Limit flag on [S/H] ("x" when no value)meta.codechar[S/H][-2.64/-1.21]? Log of S/H abundancelog(Sun)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[S/H][0.01/0.17]? [S/H] uncertaintylog(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableInstInstrument used to obtain spectra/measure abundance ("ESI", "HIRES", "UVES", "MIKE" or "XSHOOTER")instr.setupchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main