J/ApJ/926/25ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/926/25doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19260025CDSPandey R.Sharma S.Dewangan L.K.Ojha D.K.Panwar N.Das S.,Bisen D.P.Ghosh A.Sinha T.2025-06-23T20:10:59Z2023-10-30T11:47:59ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frh-ii-regionsyoung-stellar-objectsinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometrystellar-massesstellar-agesopen-star-clustersproper-motionsWe present a multiwavelength study of the HII region Sh 2-301 (S301) using deep optical data, near-infrared data, radio continuum data, and other archival data at longer wavelengths. A cluster of young stellar objects (YSOs) is identified in the northeast (NE) direction of S301. The H{alpha} and radio continuum images trace the distribution of the ionized gas surrounding a massive star, ALS 207, and the S301 HII region is bounded by an arc-like structure of gas and dust emission in the southeastern direction. The northwestern part of S301 seems to be devoid of gas and dust emission, while the presence of molecular material between the NE cluster and the central massive star ALS 207 is found. The distribution of warm dust emission, ionized gas, and neutral hydrogen together suggests a blistered morphology of the S301 HII region powered by ALS 207, which appears to be located near the edge of the cloud. The location of the NE cluster embedded in the cold molecular cloud is found opposite to the blistered morphology. There is a noticeable age difference investigated between the massive star and the NE cluster. This age difference, pressure calculation, photodissociation regions, and the distribution of YSOs favor the positive feedback of the massive star ALS 207 in S301. On a wider scale of S301, the HII region and the young stellar cluster are depicted toward the central region of a hub-filamentary system, which is evident in the infrared images.2022ApJ...926...25Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/926/25CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toIII/92 : A Library of Stellar Spectra (Jacoby+ 1984)III/195 : Atlas of Optical Spectral Classification OB Stars (Walborn+ 1990)II/183 : UBVRI Photometric Standards (Landolt 1992)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)II/311 : WISE All-Sky Data Release (Cutri+ 2012)I/352 : Distances to 1.47 billion stars in Gaia EDR3 (Bailer-Jones+, 2021)I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)J/A+AS/103/97 : Grids of stellar models V. (Meynet+ 1994)J/A+AS/133/387 : NGC 1817 and NGC 1807 proper motions (Balaguer-Nunnez+ 1998)J/A+A/447/221 : Dust continuum emission from IRAS sources (Beltran+, 2006)J/ApJS/165/338 : Radio recombination lines in HII regions (Quireza+, 2006)J/AJ/132/1669 : Wide-field CCD phot. around 9 open clusters (Sharma+, 2006)J/A+A/482/585 : JHK photometry of stars in Sh 2-212 (Deharveng+, 2008)J/MNRAS/383/1241 : UBVIc photometry of cluster Berkeley 59 (Pandey+, 2008)J/MNRAS/396/964 : T Tauri in and around bright-rimmed clouds (Chauhan+, 2009)J/ApJS/184/18 : Spitzer survey of young stellar clusters (Gutermuth+, 2009)J/A+A/527/A62 : HK photometry in an UCHII region near Sh2-217 (Brand+, 2011)J/AJ/143/41 : UBVIc CCD phot. of star clusters Tr14 and Tr16 (Hur+, 2012)J/PASJ/64/107 : Multiwavelength study of NGC 281 complex (Sharma+, 2012)J/ApJ/764/172 : UBVRI photometry of stars toward NGC 1931 (Pandey+, 2013)J/A+A/567/A109 : Carina nebula optically identified YSOs (Kumar+, 2014)J/AJ/150/41 : Rotational vel. of 136 B stars from ALS (Garmany+, 2015)J/ApJS/224/4 : GOSSS III. Additional O-type systems (Maiz Apellaniz+, 2016)J/MNRAS/461/2502 : Multiwavelength study of HII region S311 (Yadav+, 2016)J/MNRAS/467/2943 : NGC 7538 region YSOs (Sharma+, 2017)J/ApJ/864/136 : Massive SFRs multiwavelength study (Binder+, 2018)J/A+A/618/A93 : Gaia DR2 open clusters in the MW (Cantat-Gaudin+, 2018)J/ApJ/896/29 : Deep UBVRI photometry of NGC6910 members (Kaur+, 2020)J/A+A/642/A87 : Hub-filament candidates (Kumar+, 2020)J/MNRAS/492/2446 : Large-scale star formation in Auriga region (Pandey+, 2020)J/ApJ/891/81 : Deep optical and IR photometry of Sh2-305 (Pandey+, 2020)J/ApJ/905/61 : YSO candidates in the HII region SH 2-112 (Panwar+, 2020)J/MNRAS/493/267 : Variable stars in the Sh 2-170 H II region (Sinha+, 2020)J/MNRAS/504/356 : Updated parameters of 1743 open clusters (Dias+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/926/25https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/926/25http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/926/25https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/926/25https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/926/25http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/926/25GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/926/25/table3 (The 137 stars identified as a member of the NE-cluster (having optical counterparts))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/25/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/25/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/25/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true107.583885-18.4882050.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/926/25/table4 (The information for 37 YSOs indentified in the S301 region (18.5'x18.5' FOV))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/25/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/25/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/25/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true107.49352-18.616960.0055555555555555566/208492.0616683193919197e-20 6.118840631666147e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/926/25?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/926/25/table3The 137 stars identified as a member of the NE-cluster (having optical counterparts)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeq[1/137] Internal index numbermeta.id;meta.mainintRA_ICRS[107.5/107.7] Gaia DR3 right ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRS[-18.5/-18.37] Gaia DR3 declination (ICRS) at Epoch=2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainplx[-2.01/2.1] Gaia DR3 parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plx[0.013/1.4] Uncertainty in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatpmRA[-2.6/-1] Gaia DR3 proper motion along RAmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmRA[0.01/1.1] Uncertainty in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[1.8/3.8] Gaia DR3 proper motion along DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDE[0.01/1.2] Uncertainty in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatGmag[11.99/20.72] Gaia DR3 G band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optfloatBP-RP[0.38/2.8] Gaia DR3 (Blue-Red) passband colormagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RfloatProb[81/100] Probability a member%statintAge[0.3/10.02] CMD analysis ageMyrtime.agefloatGaiaDisplay the Gaia DR3 (I/355) within 3"meta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decindexede_Age[0/3.6] Uncertainty in AgeMyrstat.error;time.agefloatMass[0.28/7] CMD analysis masssolMassphys.massfloate_Mass[0.01/0.8] Uncertainty in MasssolMassstat.error;phys.massfloatUmag[13.59/21.82]? Apparent Johnson U band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullablee_Umag[0.008/10]? Uncertainty in Umagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullable2MDisplay the 2MASS data (II/246) within 3"meta.ref.urlcharBmag[12.3/20.9]? Apparent Johnson B band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_Bmag[0.001/10]? Uncertainty in Bbagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableVmag[12/21.92]? Apparent Johnson V band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag[0.001/0.1]? Uncertainty in Vmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableRmag[11.85/21.21]? Apparent Cousins R band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_Rmag[0.001/10]? Uncertainty in Rmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableImag[11.69/19.64]? Apparent Cousins I band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_Imag[0.002/10]? Uncertainty in Imagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableJmag[11.2/95.71]? Apparent J band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag[0.001/99.99]? Uncertainty in Jmag (1)magstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableHmag[10.73/17.81]? Apparent H band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag[0.001/99.99]? Uncertainty in Hmag (1)magstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableKmag[10.42/17.42]? Apparent K band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Kmag[0.002/99.99]? Uncertainty in Kmag (1)magstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableJ/ApJ/926/25/table4The information for 37 YSOs indentified in the S301 region (18.5'x18.5' FOV)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeq[1/37] Internal index numbermeta.id;meta.mainintRAJ2000[107.4/107.61] Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-18.7/-18.4] Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainBmag[18.34/18.4]? Apparent Johnson B band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_Bmag[0.013]? Uncertainty in Bbagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableVmag[17/22.42]? Apparent Johnson V band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag[0.007/0.11]? Uncertainty in Vmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableRmag[16.42/20.41]? Apparent Johnson R band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_Rmag[0.002/0.1]? Uncertainty in Rmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableImag[15.37/19.1]? Apparent Johnson I band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_Imag[0.004/0.04]? Uncertainty in Imagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableJmag[13.98/18.26]? Apparent J band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag[0.004/0.1]? Uncertainty in Jmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableHmag[12.96/17.55]? Apparent H band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag[0.005/0.08]? Uncertainty in Hmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableKmag[11.97/16.5]? Apparent K band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Kmag[0.004/0.16]? Uncertainty in Kmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullable3.4mag[10.79/14.5]? Apparent Spitzer/IRAC 3.4um band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_3.4mag[0.02/0.14]? Uncertainty in 3.4magmagstat.errorfloatnullable4.6mag[8.69/14.12]? Apparent Spitzer/IRAC 4.6um band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_4.6mag[0.02/0.2]? Uncertainty in 4.6magmagstat.errorfloatnullable12mag[5.8/10.55]? Apparent Spitzer/IRAC 12um band Vega magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_12mag[0.016/0.2]? Uncertainty in 12magmagstat.errorfloatnullable22mag[2.56/8]? Apparent Spitzer/IRAC 22um band Vega magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullablee_22mag[0.02/0.3]? Uncertainty in 22magmagstat.errorfloatnullableClassClassification ("II": 33 occurrences; or "I": 4 occurrences)src.classcharNData[5/11]? Number of data points used in modelmeta.numberintnullablechi2[0.1/60]? Reduced {chi}^2^ of modelstat.param;meta.modelledfloatnullableMass[0.36/4.4]? SED analysis masssolMassphys.massfloatnullablee_Mass[0.59/2]? Uncertainty in MasssolMassstat.error;phys.massfloatnullableAge[0.06/5.73]? SED analysis ageMyrtime.agefloatnullablee_Age[0.07/3.4]? Uncertainty in AgeMyrstat.error;time.agefloatnullable2MDisplay the 2MASS data (II/246) within 3"meta.ref.urlchar