J/ApJ/926/125ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/926/125doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/ba-wy-3xCDSPellegrino C.Howell D.A.Vinko J.Gangopadhyay A.Xiang D.,Arcavi I.Brown P.Burke J.Hiramatsu D.Hosseinzadeh G.Li Z.,McCully C.Misra K.Newsome M.Gonzalez E.P.Pritchard T.A.,Valenti S.Wang X.Zhang T.2026-07-02T11:58:21Z2023-11-22T08:22:44ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsupernovaetransient-sourcesinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometryspectroscopyredshiftedRapidly evolving transients, or objects that rise and fade in brightness on timescales two to three times shorter than those of typical Type Ia or Type II supernovae (SNe), have uncertain progenitor systems and powering mechanisms. Recent studies have noted similarities between rapidly evolving transients and Type Ibn SNe, which are powered by ejecta interacting with He-rich circumstellar material (CSM). In this work we present multiband photometric and spectroscopic observations from Las Cumbres Observatory and Swift of four fast-evolving Type Ibn SNe. We compare these observations with those of rapidly evolving transients identified in the literature. We discuss several common characteristics between these two samples, including their light curve and color evolution as well as their spectral features. To investigate a common powering mechanism we construct a grid of analytical model light curves with luminosity inputs from CSM interaction as well as ^56^Ni radioactive decay. We find that models with ejecta masses of ~1-3M_{sun}_, CSM masses of ~0.2-1M_{sun}_, and CSM radii of ~20-65au can explain the diversity of peak luminosities, rise times, and decline rates observed in Type Ibn SNe and rapidly evolving transients. This suggests that a common progenitor system-the core collapse of a high-mass star within a dense CSM shell-can reproduce the light curves of even the most luminous and fast-evolving objects, such as AT 2018cow. This work is one of the first to reproduce the light curves of both SNe Ibn and other rapidly evolving transients with a single model.2022ApJ...926..125Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/926/125CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/183 : UBVRI Photometric Standards (Landolt 1992)J/AJ/109/874 : Kinematics of MKW and AWM Poor Clusters (Beers+ 1995)J/other/Sci/337.444 : RV curves of Galactic massive O stars (Sana+, 2012)J/A+A/555/A10 : Light curves of 5 type IIn supernovae (Taddia+, 2013)J/ApJS/213/19 : Optical and near-IR light curves of 64 SNe (Bianco+, 2014)J/ApJ/794/23 : Pan-STARRS1 transients optical photometry (Drout+, 2014)J/ApJ/789/104 : SNe IIn observations and properties (Ofek+, 2014)J/A+A/574/A60 : Light curve templates of SNe Ib/c from SDSS (Taddia+, 2015)J/ApJ/819/35 : LCs of four transients from PTF & SNLS (Arcavi+, 2016)J/MNRAS/459/3939 : Type II supernova light curves (Valenti+, 2016)J/MNRAS/481/894 : Rapidly evolving transients in the DES (Pursiainen+, 2018)J/ApJ/895/L23 : Radio obs. of the transient CSS161010 (Coppejans+, 2020)J/ApJ/895/32 : Zwicky Transient Facility BTS. I. (Fremling+, 2020)J/ApJ/895/49 : Optical sp. of ZTF18abvkwla and its host galaxy (Ho+, 2020)J/ApJ/912/46 : ZTF Type II supernovae with follow-up obs. (Bruch+, 2021)J/ApJ/907/99 : Pre-explosion light curve of 227 SNe (Strotjohann+, 2021)J/ApJ/917/97 : Spectroscopic obs. of type Ibn ASASSN-14ms (Wang+, 2021)J/ApJ/910/42 : LCs and spectroscopic obs. of AT2018cow (Xiang+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/926/125https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/926/125http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/926/125https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/926/125https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/926/125http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/926/125GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/926/125/table1 (SNe Ibn parameters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/125/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/125/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/125/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true180.652508341.06164440.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/926/125/table4 (Log of FLOYDS spectroscopic observations)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/125/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/125/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/926/125/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true244.001058322.26808330.0055555555555555566/5564 8380 8565 26454 28671https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/926/125?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/926/125/table1SNe Ibn parametersNameSN namemeta.id;meta.maincharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharNEDNED column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintz[0.02/0.054] Redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatMJD[58499.4/59316.3] Time of explosiondtime.epochdoublee_MJD[0.25/3] MJD uncertaintydstat.error;time.epochfloatn_MJDa=r-band; b=g-bandmeta.notecharMJDmax[58508.1/59324.1] Time of maximumdtime.epoch;stat.maxdoublee_MJDmax[0.45/2] MJDmax uncertaintydstat.errorfloatgRate[0.11/0.15] g-band decline ratemag/darith.rate;phot.magfloate_gRate[0.002/0.005] gRate uncertaintymag/dstat.errorfloatRefReferencemeta.ref;pos.framecharNspNumber of spectra for this object (link to Table 4)meta.numberintnullableNpNumber of photometric data for this object (link to Table 2)meta.numberintnullableLCInteractive LC Plotmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/926/125/table2Optical photometryNameSN namemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMJD[58587.6/59333.2] Modified Julian date of observation (JD-2400000.5)dtime.epochfloatUmag[16.5/20.1]? U band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullablee_Umag[0.06/0.5]? One sigma error in the U magnitudemagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableBmag[17.3/21.6]? B band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_Bmag[0.03/0.8]? One sigma error in the B magnitudemagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablegmag[17.3/21]? g band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_gmag[0.01/0.3]? One sigma error in the g magnitudemagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableVmag[17.4/20.9]? V band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag[0.03/0.6]? One sigma error in the V magnitudemagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablermag[17.4/21.5]? R band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_rmag[0.01/0.6]? One sigma error in the r magnitudemagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableimag[17.6/21.2]? I band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_imag[0.02/0.8]? One sigma error in the i magnitudemagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableTelObservatory/telescope ("LCO" or "TNT")meta.notecharJ/ApJ/926/125/table4Log of FLOYDS spectroscopic observationsSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharNEDNED column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameTransient namemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryMJD[58309.3/59323.6] Modified Julian Datedtime.epochdoublePhase[-3.6/22.3] Phase; days relative to g-band maximum lightdtime.intervalfloatlam1[3500] Lower range of wavelength in {AA}0.1nmem.wl;stat.minintlam2[9000/10000] Upper range of wavelength in {AA}0.1nmem.wl;stat.maxintFileFile name in subdirectory "sp"; column added by CDSmeta.id;meta.filecharspInteractive spectrum plotmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main