J/ApJ/924/84ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/924/84doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19240084CDSCao L.Pinsonneault M.H.Hillenbrand L.A.Kuhn M.A.2024-05-29T08:14:07Z2023-08-28T10:44:20ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frpre-main-sequence-starsopen-star-clustersstar-forming-regionsstellar-massesstellar-agesextinctionyoung-stellar-objectsIn this paper we investigate the robustness of age measurements, age spreads, and stellar models in young pre-main-sequence stars. For this effort, we study a young cluster, {lambda} Orionis, within the Orion star-forming complex. We use Gaia data to derive a sample of 357 targets with spectroscopic temperatures from spectral types or from the automated spectroscopic pipeline in APOGEE Net. After accounting for systematic offsets between the spectral type and APOGEE temperature systems, the derived properties of stars on both systems are consistent. The complex interstellar medium, with variable local extinction, motivates a star-by-star dereddening approach. We use a spectral energy distribution fitting method calibrated on open clusters for the Class III stars. For the Class II population, we use a Gaia G-RP dereddening method, minimizing systematics from disks, accretion, and other physics associated with youth. The cluster age is systematically different in models incorporating the structural impact of starspots or magnetic fields than in nonmagnetic models. Our mean ages range from 2-3Myr (nonmagnetic models) to 3.9+/-0.2Myr in the SPOTS model (f=0.34). We find that star-by-star dereddening methods distinguishing between pre-main-sequence classes provide a smaller age spread than techniques using a uniform extinction, and we infer a minimum age spread of 0.19dex and a typical age spread of 0.35dex after modeling age distributions convolved with observed errors. This suggests that the {lambda} Ori cluster may have a long star formation timescale and that spotted stellar models significantly change age estimates for young clusters.2022ApJ...924...84Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/924/84CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/mk : Catalogue of Stellar Spectral Classifications (Skiff, 2009- )I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)J/ApJS/93/211 : IUE survey of H I Ly{alpha} absorption. I. (Diplas+ 1994)J/ApJS/101/117 : UBVRIJHKLMNQ photometry in Taurus-Auriga (Kenyon+ 1995)J/AJ/113/1733 : Orion Nebula Cluster population (Hillenbrand 1997)J/AJ/121/2124 : {lambda} Ori pre-main-sequence stars phot. (Dolan+, 2001)J/AJ/123/387 : VRI phot. of {lambda} Ori star-forming region (Dolan+, 2002)J/ApJ/664/481 : Opt/IR photometry of Collinder 69 (Barrado y Navascues+ 2007)J/A+A/492/277 : Analysis of Collinder 69 stars with VOSA (Bayo+, 2008)J/A+A/488/167 : Low-mass stars in {sigma} Ori and {lambda} Ori (Sacco+, 2008)J/ApJ/722/1092 : Optical photometry of the ONC. II. (Da Rio+, 2010)J/ApJ/722/1226 : IR photometry in {lambda} Orionis cluster (Hernandez+, 2010)J/MNRAS/411/435 : Stellar parameters and extinction (Bailer-Jones, 2011)J/A+A/536/A63 : Collinder 69 very low mass stars & brown dwarfs (Bayo+, 2011)J/A+A/547/A80 : Properties of Collinder 69 low-mass members (Bayo+, 2012)J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors & temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)J/AJ/150/100 : WISE YSO cand. near {sigma} and {lambda} Ori (Koenig+, 2015)J/AJ/152/113 : Pleiades members with K2 LCs. I. Periods (Rebull+, 2016)J/AJ/153/188 : Sp. of the foreground population in Orion A (Fang+, 2017)J/ApJS/236/27 : APOGEE-2 survey of Orion Complex (OSFC). I. (Cottle+, 2018)J/AJ/156/84 : APOGEE-2 survey of Orion Complex. II. (Kounkel+, 2018)J/AJ/155/196 : K2 LCs for members of USco & {rho} Oph (Rebull+, 2018)J/ApJ/870/32 : Kinematics in young star clusters & assoc. (Kuhn+, 2019)J/A+A/623/A159 : NGC6530 member param. from Gaia-ESO survey (Prisinzano+ 2019)J/AJ/159/182 : APOGEE Net, YSOs param. through deep learning (Olney+, 2020)J/ApJS/257/46 : Membership and rot. data for clusters (Godoy-Rivera+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/924/84https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/924/84http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/924/84https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/924/84https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/924/84http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/924/84GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/924/84/table1 (*Inferred stellar parameters with SPOTS f_spot_=0.34)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/924/84/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/924/84/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/924/84/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true83.7300896910.009631540.0055555555555555565/5926 5934 6/22993 22995 22997-22998 23001 23025 23030-23031 23037 23597 23685 23690 23695 23698-23699 23708 23715 23717-23719 23724-23725 23727-23728 23730 24066 24080-24081https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/924/84?format=asciidefaultJ/ApJ/924/84/table1*Inferred stellar parameters with SPOTS f_spot_=0.34SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameSIMBAD namemeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000[77.87/87.32] Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[3.45/12.94] Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainlogTeff[3.4/4.5] log Effective Temperaturelog(K)phys.temperature.effectivefloate_logTeff[0.004/0.09]? Error in logTefflog(K)stat.error;phys.temperature.effectivefloatnullablelogLstar[-2/4.7]? log luminositylog(solRad)phys.luminosityfloatnullablee_logLstar[0.02/1.1]? Error in logLstarlog(solRad)stat.errorfloatnullableMstar[0.1/1.7]? MasssolMassphys.massfloatnullablee_Mstar[0.007/0.3]? Error in MstarsolMassstat.errorfloatnullablelogAge[5.5/7.8]? log agelog(yr)time.agefloatnullablee_logAge[0.004/0.5]? Error in logAgelog(yr)stat.error;time.agefloatnullableAv[-0.7/2.5]? Extinctionmagphys.absorptionfloatnullablee_Av[0.005/1.8]? Error in Avmagstat.errorfloatnullableClassYSO Class ("II" or "III")src.classcharRegionSubregion in Lambda Orionis if any ("B30", "B35" or "LamOri-1")obs.fieldcharGaiaDisplay the Gaia DR2 (I/345) data within 3"meta.ref.urlchar