J/ApJ/923/262ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/923/262doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19230262CDSYang J.Wang F.Fan X.Barth A.J.Hennawi J.F.Nanni R.Bian F.,Davies F.B.Farina E.P.Schindler J.-T.Banados E.Decarli R.,Eilers A.-C.Green R.Guo H.Jiang L.Li J.-T.Venemans B.,Walter F.Wu X.-B.Yue M.2024-09-06T20:13:05Z2023-07-31T08:53:22ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frquasarsultraviolet-astronomyinfrared-astronomyspectroscopyredshiftedline-intensitiesblack-holesWe report the results of near-infrared spectroscopic observations of 37 quasars in the redshift range 6.3<z<=7.64, including 32 quasars at z>6.5, forming the largest quasar near-infrared spectral sample at this redshift. The spectra, taken with Keck, Gemini, VLT, and Magellan, allow investigations of central black hole mass and quasar rest-frame ultraviolet spectral properties. The black hole masses derived from the MgII emission lines are in the range (0.3-3.6)x10^9^M_{sun}_, which requires massive seed black holes with masses >=10^3^-10^4^M_{sun}_, assuming Eddington accretion since z=30. The Eddington ratio distribution peaks at {lambda}_Edd_~0.8 and has a mean of 1.08, suggesting high accretion rates for these quasars. The CIV-MgII emission-line velocity differences in our sample show an increase of CIV blueshift toward higher redshift, but the evolutionary trend observed from this sample is weaker than the previous results from smaller samples at similar redshift. The FeII/MgII flux ratios derived for these quasars up to z=7.6, compared with previous measurements at different redshifts, do not show any evidence of strong redshift evolution, suggesting metal-enriched environments in these quasars. Using this quasar sample, we create a quasar composite spectrum for z>6.5 quasars and find no significant redshift evolution of quasar broad emission lines and continuum slope, except for a blueshift of the CIV line. Our sample yields a strong broad absorption line quasar fraction of ~24%, higher than the fractions in lower-redshift quasar samples, although this could be affected by small sample statistics and selection effects.2021ApJ...923..262Yhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/923/262CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/319 : UKIDSS-DR9 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)II/359 : The VISTA Hemisphere Survey (VHS) cat. DR4.1 (McMahon+, 2013)II/357 : The Dark Energy Survey (DES): Data Release 1 (Abbott+, 2018)II/371 : The Dark Energy Survey (DES): Data Release 2 (Abbott+, 2021)J/ApJ/613/682 : AGN masses & broad-line region sizes (Peterson+, 2004)J/ApJS/166/470 : SDSS-Spitzer type I QSOs IR photometry (Richards+, 2006)J/ApJ/692/758 : BAL QSOs in SDSS-DR5 (Gibson+, 2009)J/ApJ/699/800 : Mass functions of active black holes (Vestergaard+, 2009)J/ApJS/194/45 : QSO properties from SDSS-DR7 (Shen+, 2011)J/AJ/148/13 : Redshifts of 65 CANDELS supernovae (Rodney+, 2014)J/ApJS/227/11 : PS1 z>5.6 quasars follow-up (Banados+, 2016)J/ApJ/825/126 : SEAMBHs. V. The third year (Du+, 2016)J/A+A/585/A87 : Quasar composite made from bright QSOs (Selsing+, 2016)J/MNRAS/465/2120 : Correcting CIV-based virial BH masses (Coatman+, 2017)J/ApJ/856/6 : SEAMBHs IX. 10 new H{beta} light curves (Du+, 2018)J/MNRAS/487/3305 : Broad-line velocity shifts in 1.5<z<7.5 QSOs (Meyer+, 2019)J/ApJ/873/35 : Gemini GNIRS NIR sp. of 50 QSOs at z>~5.7 (Shen+, 2019)J/ApJ/901/55 : SDSS-RM project: MgII lags from 4yrs (Homayouni+, 2020)J/ApJ/905/51 : X-SHOOTER/ALMA QSOs at 5.78<z<7.54. I. (Schindler+, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/923/262https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/923/262http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/923/262https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/923/262https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/923/262http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/923/262GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/923/262/table1 (Quasar and observation information of the 37 quasars in the sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/923/262/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/923/262/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/923/262/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true6.124041739.22194440.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/923/262/table2 (Spectral fitting and quasar properties)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/923/262/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/923/262/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/923/262/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true6.124041739.22194440.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/923/262/table4 (Quasar BH masses derived from the spectral fitting based on the Vestergaard & Wilkes (2001ApJS..134....1V ; VW01) iron template)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/923/262/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/923/262/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/923/262/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true6.124041739.22194440.0055555555555555566/2694 4172 4341 4467 5208 5624 6239 6287 6470 6502 7297 8598 10935 13418 16868 17770 18175 20083 21020 22683 23519 26470 26526 27124 27301 27327 28260 28319 32361 33695 36269 36709 36838 40924 45513 47961 48922https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/923/262?format=asciiUVInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/923/262/table1Quasar and observation information of the 37 quasars in the samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNamePosition based identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryf_NameFlag on Name (1)meta.codecharSNameShort Name used in textmeta.idcharInstInstrument usedinstr.setupcharExpTimeExposure time(s)stime.duration;obs.exposurecharzsp[6.35/7.65]? Spectroscopic redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatnullablee_zsp[0.0001/0.05]? Uncertainty in zspstat.errorfloatnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharDiscDiscovery, ADS bibcode(s)meta.bibchar[CII][YN] Detection of [CII]meta.codecharr_zspReference for zsp, ADS bibcode (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharNIR[YN] Previously published BH mass measurementsmeta.codecharJmag[17.46/21.3]? J-band (AB system) photometric data used to scale the NIR spectra (3)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag[0.02/0.3]? Uncertainty in Jmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableDESDisplay data from DES DR1 (II/357) and DR2 (II/371) within 2"meta.ref.urlnullableDESIDisplay data from DESI DR8 (VII/292) within 2"meta.ref.urlnullable_RAPositions from names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/923/262/table2Spectral fitting and quasar propertiesNamePosition based identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharprimarye_zCIV[0.001/0.04]? Uncertainty in zCIVstat.errorfloatnullablezMgII[6.3/7.62] Redshift based on MgIIsrc.redshift;pos.heliocentricfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSNameShort Name used in textmeta.idchare_z[CII][0.0001/0.004]? Uncertainty in z[CII]stat.error;src.redshiftfloatnullablezCIV[6.33/7.53]? Redshift based on CIVsrc.redshift;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_zMgII[0.0002/0.02] Uncertainty in zMgIIstat.errorfloatM1450[-27.5/-25] Absolute rest-frame 1450{AA} magnitudemagphys.magAbsfloatFWHM-CIV[1908/11989]? Full width at half maximum, CIV linekm/sspect.line.widthintnullablee_FWHM-CIV[26/3206]? Uncertainty in FWHM-CIVkm/sstat.errorintnullableFWHM-MgII[1741/5504] Full width at half maximum, MgII linekm/sspect.line.widthinte_FWHM-MgII[14/763] Uncertainty in FWHM-MgIIkm/sstat.errorintEW-CIV[5.9/70.1]? Equivalent width, CIV, in Angstroms0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablee_EW-CIV[0.9/26.2]? Uncertainty in EW-CIV0.1nmstat.error;spect.line.eqWidthfloatnullableEW-MgII[7.9/34.7] Equivalent width, MgII, in Angstroms0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloate_EW-MgII[0.6/18.2] Uncertainty in EW-MgII0.1nmstat.error;spect.line.eqWidthfloatLBol[4.6/34] Bolometric luminosity, 10^+46^erg/s1e+39Wphys.luminosityfloate_LBol[0.1/3.5] Uncertainty in LBol1e+39Wstat.errorfloatMBH[0.26/3.6] Black hole mass1e+09solMassphys.massfloate_MBH[0.003/0.7] Uncertainty in MBH1e+09solMassstat.errorfloatalpha[-1.74/-0.24] Power-law continuum slopestat.fit.paramfloate_alpha[0.01/1] Uncertainty in alphastat.error;pos.eq.rafloatREdd[0.3/2.3] Eddington Ratio, Lbol/LEddphys.luminosity;arith.ratiofloate_REdd[0.1/1] Uncertainty in REddstat.errorfloat_RAPositions from names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainf_NameFlag(s) on Name (1)meta.codecharz[CII][6.46/7.65]? Redshift based on [CII]src.redshift;pos.heliocentricfloatnullableJ/ApJ/923/262/table3z>6.5 quasar composite spectrumrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[1150.5/2998.5] Wavelength, rest frame, Angstroms0.1nmem.wlfloatFlam[-0.04/3.14] Flux density, arbitrary unitsphot.fluxdoubleNqso[4/38] Number of QSOs contributing to data pointmeta.numberintJ/ApJ/923/262/table4Quasar BH masses derived from the spectral fitting based on the Vestergaard & Wilkes (2001ApJS..134....1V ; VW01) iron templateNamePosition based identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSNameShort Name used in textmeta.idcharLBol[5/37] Bolometric luminosity, 10^+46^erg/s1e+39Wphys.luminosityfloate_LBol[0.1/4] Uncertainty in LBol1e+39Wstat.errorfloatFWHM-MgII[1729/7825] Full width at half maximum, MgII linekm/sspect.line.widthinte_FWHM-MgII[8/1314] Uncertainty in FWHM-MgIIkm/sstat.errorintMBH[0.24/8.4] Black hole mass1e+09solMassphys.massfloate_MBH[0.001/1.5] Uncertainty in MBH1e+09solMassstat.errorfloatREdd[0.2/2.3] Eddington Ratio, Lbol/LEddphys.luminosity;arith.ratiofloate_REdd[0.1/1] Uncertainty in REddstat.errorfloat_RAPositions from names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main