J/ApJ/914/42ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/914/42doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19140042CDSBruzewski S.Schinzel F.K.Taylor G.B.Petrov L.2023-01-18T06:15:29Z2022-12-28T14:46:56ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgamma-ray-astronomyradio-continuum-emissionastronomical-object-identificationFor the duration of the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope's mission, approximately one-third of the point sources detected have been noted as "unassociated," meaning that they seem to have no known counterpart at any other wavelength/frequency. This mysterious part of the gamma-ray sky is perhaps one of the largest unknowns in current astronomical pursuits and as such has been probed extensively by various techniques at various frequencies. Radio frequencies have been perhaps one of the most fruitful, producing a large fraction of the identified and associated active galactic nuclei and pulsars noted in each update of the point-source catalogs. Here we present a catalog of 7432 radio counterpart candidates for unassociated gamma-ray fields in the Second Data Release of the Fourth Fermi Point Source Catalog (4FGL-DR2). A description of the catalog and source types is provided followed by a discussion that demonstrates how the results of this work will aid new associations and identifications. As part of this work, we also present a first catalog derived from "quicklook" images of the Very Large Array Sky Survey.2021ApJ...914...42Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/914/42CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)IX/57 : The Chandra Source Catalog (CSC), Release 2.0 (Evans+, 2019)VII/284 : A Catalogue of Galactic Supernova Remnants (Green, 2019)IX/58 : 2SXPS Swift X-ray telescope point source catalogue (Evans+, 2020)IX/67 : Incremental Fermi LAT 4th source cat. DR3 (Fermi-LAT col., 2022)J/MNRAS/432/1294 : Fermi unassociated sources ATCA observations (Petrov+, 2013)J/ApJS/217/4 : 2FGL sources observed between 5-9GHz (Schinzel+, 2015)J/A+A/588/A103 : 2nd ROSAT all-sky survey (2RXS) source cat. (Boller+, 2016)J/ApJ/820/8 : 3FGL sources statistical classif. (Saz Parkinson+, 2016)J/A+A/598/A78 : The GMRT 150MHz all-sky radio survey (Intema+, 2017)J/ApJ/838/139 : 3FGL unassociated sources with radio obs. (Schinzel+, 2017)J/ApJS/247/33 : Fermi LAT fourth source catalog (4FGL) (Abdollahi+, 2020)J/ApJ/892/105 : 4th cat. of Fermi LAT-detected AGNs (4LAC) (Ajello+, 2020)J/ApJ/904/49 : 4FGLJ0407.7-5702 opt. spectroscopy & LC (Miller+, 2020)J/MNRAS/501/1116 : GAIA pulsars and where to find them (Antoniadis, 2021)http://library.nrao.edu/vlass.shtml : VLASS memoshttp://www.cv.nrao.edu/F357/ : F357 NRAO datahttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/914/42https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/914/42http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/914/42https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/914/42https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/914/42http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/914/42GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/914/42/table2 (F357 catalog (Fermi {gamma}-ray sources with 3GHz, 5GHZ and 7GHz radio frequencies))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/914/42/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/914/42/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/914/42/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.014414.630910.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/914/42/table5 (*VLASS (Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array Sky Survey) catalog; see the Appendix)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/914/42/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/914/42/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/914/42/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true358.888902558.14445140.0055555555555555560/0-3 1/17 19 21-23 25-27 29-31 2/65-67 72-73 75 81-83 98-99 114-115 141-143 157-159 173-175 189-191 3/258-259 296-298 321-323 385-388 390-391 449-453 455 541-543 557-559 561-563 605-607 621-623 625-627 669-671 685-687 689-691 733-735 749-751 753-755 4/1025-1030 1196-1198 1281-1283 1537-1539 1556-1557 1559 1793-1795 1816 1818-1819 2141-2143 2157-2159 2161-2163 2205-2207 2221-2223 2225-2227 2241-2243 2397-2399 2413-2415 2417-2419 2461-2463 2477-2479 2481-2483 2497-2499 2653-2655 2669-2671 2673-2675 2717-2719 2733-2735 2737-2739 2753-2755 2909-2911 2925-2927 2929-2931 2973-2975 2989-2991 2993-2995 3009-3011 5/4097-4099 4124-4126 4796 4798-4799 5121-5123 6145-6147 6232-6233 6235 7169-7171 7269-7271 8541-8543 8557-8559 8561-8563 8605-8607 8621-8623 8625-8627 8641-8643 8797-8799 8813-8815 8817-8819 8861-8863 8877-8879 8881-8883 8897-8899 8961-8963 9565-9567 9581-9583 9585-9587 9629-9631 9645-9647 9649-9651 9665-9667 9821-9823 9837-9839 9841-9843 9885-9887 9901-9903 9905-9907 9921-9923 9985-9987 10589-10591 10605-10607 10609-10611 10653-10655 10669-10671 10673-10675 10689-10691 10845-10847 10861-10863 10865-10867 10909-10911 10925-10927 10929-10931 10945-10947 11009-11011 11613-11615 11629-11631 11633-11635 11677-11679 11693-11695 11697-11699 11713-11715 11869-11871 11885-11887 11889-11891 11933-11935 11949-11951 11953-11955 11969-11971 12033-12035 6/16385-16387 16508 16510-16511 19188-19189 19191 20481-20483 24577-24579 24937-24939 28673-28675 29073-29075 34141-34143 34157-34159 34161-34163 34205-34207 34221-34223 34225-34227 34241-34243 34397-34399 34413-34415 34417-34419 34461-34463 34477-34479 34481-34483 34497-34499 34561-34563 35165-35167 35181-35183 35185-35187 35229-35231 35245-35247 35249-35251 35265-35267 35421-35423 35437-35439 35441-35443 35485-35487 35501-35503 35505-35507 35521-35523 35585-35587 35841-35843 38237-38239 38253-38255 38257-38259 38301-38303 38317-38319 38321-38323 38337-38339 38493-38495 38509-38511 38513-38515 38557-38559 38573-38575 38577-38579 38593-38595 38657-38659 39261-39263 39277-39279 39281-39283 39325-39327 39341-39343 39345-39347 39361-39363 39517-39519 39533-39535 39537-39539 39581-39583 39597-39599 39601-39603 39617-39619 39681-39683 39937-39939 42333-42335 42349-42351 42353-42355 42397-42399 42413-42415 42417-42419 42434-42435 42589-42591 42605-42607 42609-42611 42653-42655 42669-42671 42673-42675 42689-42691 42753-42755 43357-43359 43373-43375 43377-43379 43421-43423 43437-43439 43441-43443 43457-43459 43613-43615 43629-43631 43633-43635 43677-43679 43693-43695 43697-43699 43713-43715 43777-43779 44034-44035 46429-46431 46445-46447 46449-46451 46493-46495 46509-46511 46513-46515 46529-46531 46685-46687 46701-46703 46705-46707 46749-46751 46765-46767 46769-46771 46785-46787 46849-46851 47453-47455 47469-47471 47473-47475 47517-47519 47533-47535 47537-47539 47553-47555 47709-47711 47725-47727 47729-47731 47773-47775 47789-47791 47793-47795 47809-47811 47873-47875 48129-481311.987820871092403e-24 4.638248699215607e-24https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/914/42?format=asciiGamma-rayRadiodefaultJ/ApJ/914/42/table2F357 catalog (Fermi {gamma}-ray sources with 3GHz, 5GHZ and 7GHz radio frequencies)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharNEDNED column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharNameF357 generated source name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) (RA)degpos.eq.ra;meta.maine_RAJ2000[2.7e-7/0.0003] RAdeg uncertainty (RAErr)degstat.error;pos.eq.radoubleDEJ2000Declination (J2000) (Dec)degpos.eq.dec;meta.maine_DEJ2000[1.9e-7/0.0003] DEdeg uncertainty (DecErr)degstat.error;pos.eq.decdoubleFpk3GHz[0.5/1280]? Peak flux density of VLASS (3.0GHz) source (PeakFlux_VLASS)mJy/beamphot.flux.density;em.radio.1500-3000MHzdoublenullablee_Fpk3GHz[0.07/4]? Fpk3GHz uncertainty (PeakFluxErr_VLASS)mJy/beamstat.errorfloatnullableS3GHz[0.3/2110]? Integrated flux density of VLASS (3.0 GHz) source (IntFlux_VLASS)mJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.1500-3000MHzdoublenullablee_S3GHz[0.1/65]? S3GHz uncertainty (IntFluxErr_VLASS)mJystat.errorfloatnullableFpk5GHz[0.18/47.1]? Peak flux density of D5GHZ (5.0GHz) source (PeakFlux_D5GHZ)mJy/beamphot.flux.density;em.radio.3-6GHzfloatnullablee_Fpk5GHz[0.01/1.1]? Fpk5GHz uncertainty (PeakFluxErr_D5GHZ)mJy/beamstat.errorfloatnullableS5GHz[0.14/50.1]? Integrated flux density of D5GHZ (5.0 GHz) source (IntFlux_D5GHZ)mJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.3-6GHzfloatnullablee_S5GHz[0.02/2.2]? 5GHz uncertainty (IntFluxErr_D5GHZ)mJystat.errorfloatnullableLim5GHz[0/1] Given flux values may be treated as lower limits (IsLowerLim_D5GHZ)meta.codeintFpk7GHz[0.16/62]? Peak flux density of D7GHZ (7.0 GHz) source (PeakFlux_D7GHZ)mJy/beamphot.flux.density;em.radio.6-12GHzfloatnullablee_Fpk7GHz[0.03/1.1]? Fpk7GHz uncertainty (PeakFluxErr_D7GHZ)mJy/beamstat.errorfloatnullableS7GHZ[0.14/57]? Integrated flux density of D7GHZ (7.0 GHz) source (IntFlux_D7GHZ)mJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.6-12GHzfloatnullablee_S7GHZ[0.04/2]? S7GHZ uncertainty (IntFluxErr_D7GHZ)mJystat.errorfloatnullableLim7GHZ[0/1] Given flux values may be treated as lower limits (IsLowerLim_D7GHZ)meta.codeintalpha[-11.3/3.1]? Calculated of fit spectral indexspect.index;meta.modelleddoublenullablee_alpha[0.0008/2.5]? alpha uncertainty (AlphaErr)stat.error;pos.eq.radoublenullable4FGLName of encompassing Fermi source (JHHMM.m+DDMMa) (FermiName)meta.id.crosscharGaia? Gaia DR2 cross-match (1" cutoff) (MatchGAIA)meta.idnullableSepGaia[0.002/1]? Distance to Gaia source (DistGAIA)arcsecpos.angDistancedoublenullableWISEAAllWISE cross-match (1" cutoff) (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s) (MatchAllWISE)meta.idcharSepWISEA[0.005/1]? Distance to AllWISE source (DistAllWISE)arcsecpos.angDistancedoublenullable2RXS2RXS cross-match (11" cutoff) (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS) (Match2RXS)meta.idcharSep2RXS[0/10]? Distance to 2RXS source (Dist2RXS)arcsecpos.angDistancedoublenullable2SXPS2SXPS cross-match (13" cutoff) (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS) (Match2SXPS)meta.idcharSep2SXPS[0.1/10.2]? Distance to 2SXPS source (Dist2SXPS)arcsecpos.angDistancedoublenullable2CXOCSCR2 (IX/57) cross-match (9" cutoff) (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS) (MatchCSCR2)meta.idcharSepCSCR2[0.08/7.2]? Distance to CSCR2 source (DistCSCR2)arcsecpos.angDistancedoublenullableRes[0/1] Indicates resolved graph structure (IsResolved)meta.codeintTypeType codes (PyBDSF) for VLASS, D5GHZ, and D7GHZ (TypeCode) (1)meta.codecharClassSpectral classification of source (2)spect.indexcharJ/ApJ/914/42/table5*VLASS (Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array Sky Survey) catalog; see the AppendixrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameVLASS Epoch 1 name of the source (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharindexedRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) (RA)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexede_RAJ2000[3e-7/0.06]? RAdeg uncertainty (RAErr)degstat.error;pos.eq.radoublenullableDEJ2000[-40.02/89.83] Declination (J2000) (Dec)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexede_DEJ2000[1.2e-6/0.9]? DEdeg uncertainty (DecErr)degstat.error;pos.eq.decdoublenullableFlux[3.34e-8/9.31] Integrated flux (IntFlux)Jyphot.flux.density;em.radio.3-6GHzdoublee_Flux[5.83e-9/0.24] Flux uncertainty (IntFluxErr)Jystat.error;phot.fluxdoubleFpk[0/3.92] Peak flux of VLASS source (PeakFlux)Jy/beamphot.flux.density;em.radio.3-6GHzdoublee_Fpk[2.8e-8/0.04] Fpk uncertainty (PeakFluxErr)Jy/beamstat.errordoubleType[SCM] Source morphology code from PyBDSF (Mohan & Rafferty 2015ascl.soft02007M) (TypeCode)meta.codecharPointingPointing/image information for sourceobs.imagecharObsDate of observationtime.epochnullableindexedFlag[0/2] Flag (0=Alone,1=Useful,2=Redundant)meta.code.errorint