J/ApJ/912/162ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/912/162doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19120162CDSPang X.Li Y.Yu Z.Tang S.-Y.Dinnbier F.Kroupa P.Pasquato M.,Kouwenhoven M.B.2022-12-09T09:29:34Z2021-05-28T09:18:32ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmilky-way-galaxyopen-star-clustersstellar-distanceWe analyze the 3D morphology and kinematics of 13 open clusters (OCs) located within 500pc of the Sun, using Gaia} EDR3 and kinematic data from literature. Members of OCs are identified using the unsupervised machine learning method StarGO, using 5D parameters (X, Y, Z, {mu}_{alpha}cos{delta}, {mu}_{delta}). The OC sample covers an age range of 25Myr-2.65Gyr. We correct the asymmetric distance distribution due to the parallax error using Bayesian inversion. The uncertainty in the corrected distance for a cluster at 500pc is 3.0-6.3pc, depending on the intrinsic spatial distribution of its members. We determine the 3D morphology of the OCs in our sample and fit the spatial distribution of stars within the tidal radius in each cluster with an ellipsoid model. The shapes of the OCs are well-described with oblate spheroids (NGC 2547, NGC 2516, NGC 2451A, NGC 2451B, NGC 2232), prolate spheroids (IC 2602, IC 4665, NGC 2422, Blanco 1, Coma Berenices), or triaxial ellipsoids (IC 2391, NGC 6633, NGC 6774). The semi-major axis of the fitted ellipsoid is parallel to the Galactic plane for most clusters. Elongated filament-like substructures are detected in three young clusters (NGC 2232, NGC 2547, NGC 2451B), while tidal-tail-like substructures (tidal tails) are found in older clusters (NGC 2516, NGC 6633, NGC 6774, Blanco 1, Coma Berenices). Most clusters may be super-virial and expanding. N-body models of rapid gas expulsion with an SFE of ~1/3 are consistent with clusters more massive than 250M_{sun}_, while clusters less massive than 250M_{sun}_ tend to agree with adiabatic gas expulsion models. Only six OCs (NGC 2422, NGC 6633, and NGC 6774, NGC 2232, Blanco 1, Coma Berenices) show clear signs of mass segregation.2021ApJ...912..162Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/912/162CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/912/162https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/912/162http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/912/162https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/912/162https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/912/162http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/912/162GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/912/162/table1 (General parameters of target clusters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/912/162/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/912/162/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/912/162/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true130.292-52.9910.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/912/162/table2 (Corrected 3D positions of members in all target clusters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/912/162/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/912/162/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/912/162/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true131.86681714954-53.477992055020.0055555555555555565/4111 4113 4120 4122 4133 4135 4144 4228 5382 5512 5514 5536 5538 7023 7034 7111 7120-7122 7261 7432 7434 7610 7947 7953 8891 8894 9306-9307 9310 9328-9329 9332 9374 9393 9395-9396 9398-9399 9401 9404-9405 9446-9447 9793 9795-9796 9801 9804 9835-9836 9838 9921 9924 6/10298 10370 10387 10409 10419 10427 10429 10470 10521 10787 10919 16387 16391 16400 16406 16411 16415 16417 16431 16435 16437 16439 16443 16449-16450 16456 16459-16462 16464-16465 16472 16476 16486-16487 16492 16494 16508 16514 16521 16526 16531 16536 16538 16544-16546 16553 16560 16565-16566 16568 16571-16573 16580 16582-16586 16608 16610-16612 16614-16616 16620 16627 16635 16656 16673 16676 16901 16908 16918 16921 16923 16925-16927 16932-16933 16947 16949 16952 16960 16963 16966 16968 17044 20828 21365 21367 21373 21375 21461-21462 21489 21493 21508 21511-21512 21517 21519-21520 21522-21524 21526 21532 21534 21539 21549 21552-21553 21556 21559 21576 21648 22027 22054 22060-22062 22148 22150-22151 22156 22158-22159 22170 22177 22181-22183 22188 22191 26619 27473 27895 27921 27983 27996 28022 28027 28072 28078-28079 28085 28087 28100 28108 28112 28116 28118 28123 28125 28127 28129-28131 28133-28134 28140-28141 28144 28150-28154 28156 28189 28198 28227 28265 28270 28272 28286-28287 28295 28316 28377 28397 28425 28431-28433 28439-28442 28452-28453 28455 28457 28467 28469-28470 28492 28494-28496 28498 28500 28502 28504 28506 28509 28515-28516 28526 28537 28555 28560 29022-29023 29041 29052 29706 29710 29740-29741 29754 30397 30444 30446-30447 30458 31101 31103 31765 31779 31782-31783 31785-31787 31802 31808-31809 31811 31816 31820-31821 31824 31826-31827 31834 31873 31876 31878 31889 35442 35450 35452 35511 35518-35519 35527-35528 35530 35533 35535 35537-35539 35544 35547-35548 35552-35553 35556-35557 35559 35561 35568 35571 35746 37056 37135 37183 37220 37222-37223 37233-37236 37238 37246 37269 37303 37322 37325 37336 37347 37477 37479 37483 37485-37487 37490-37491 37493 37501-37503 37569 37571 37578-37579 37588-37590 37601 37612-37613 37624-37626 37628-37629 37666-37667 37672 37768 37770 37779 37782-37783 37795 37804 37807-37809 37811-37813 37815-37816 37818-37821 37834 37856 37858 37927 38981 38999 39028 39127 39169 39176 39178 39192 39194-39195 39197-39198 39201 39208 39212 39214 39224 39241 39300 39303 39311 39330 39332-39333 39335 39337 39348 39350-39351 39356 39358 39399 39402 39689 39692-39693 39700 39702 39704-39706 39708 39729 40632 41646 46408 46429 46449 46462 46550 46556 46580 46932 46935 469641.9867573869263685e-19 4.621782916333392e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/912/162?format=asciidefaultJ/ApJ/912/162/table1General parameters of target clustersSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableAgeAge (when the referenced age fits the members, we adopt the age from previous works)Myrtime.ageintDistcorMean corrected distance of memberspcpos.distancefloate_DistcorError in corrected distance following the Bayesian model described in Section 4.1pcstat.errorfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintClusterCluster identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharr_AgeAge reference (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharrhHalf-mass radiusphys.size.radiusfloatrtTidal radiusphys.size.radiusfloatMclCluster masssolMassphys.massfloatMdynDynamical masssolMassphys.massfloatZMetallicityphys.abund.Zfloatr_ZZ reference (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharE(B-V)Reddening E(B-V)magphot.color.excessfloatr_E(B-V)E(B-V) reference (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharMembersNumber of membersmeta.numberintCG18Number of matched members in Cantat-Gaudin et al. (2018A&A...618A..93C, Cat. J/A+A/618/A93)meta.numberintCG18%Percentage of matched members in Cantat-Gaudin et al. (2018A&A...618A..93C, Cat. J/A+A/618/A93)meta.numbercharLP19? Number of matched members in Liu & Pang (2019ApJS..245...32L, Cat. J/ApJS/245/32)meta.numberintnullableLP19%Percentage of matched members in Liu & Pang (2019ApJS..245...32L, Cat. J/ApJS/245/32)meta.numberchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/912/162/table2Corrected 3D positions of members in all target clusters_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decnullableindexede_pmRAUncertainty in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDEGaia EDR3 proper motion along DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDEUncertainty in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatGmagApparent Gaia EDR3 G band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optdoubleSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.ranullableindexedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintClusterCluster identifiermeta.id.parentcharGaiaEDR3Gaia EDR3 object identifiermeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRSGaia EDR3 right ascension (ICRS) at Ep=J2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.maine_RA_ICRSUncertainty in RAdegmasstat.error;pos.eq.rafloatDE_ICRSGaia EDR3 Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.maine_DE_ICRSUncertainty in DEdegmasstat.error;pos.eq.decfloatplxGaia EDR3 parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plxUncertainty in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatpmRAGaia EDR3 proper motion along RA*cosDEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatBPmagApparent Gaia EDR3 blue band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.BdoubleRPmagApparent Gaia EDR3 red band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.RdoubleGRV? Gaia EDR3 radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublenullablee_GRV? Uncertainty in GRVkm/sstat.errordoublenullableJRV? Gaia/ESO survey (Jackson et al., 2020MNRAS.496.4701) radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublenullablee_JRV? Uncertainty in JRVkm/sstat.errordoublenullableBRV? Bailey et al. (2018, Cat. J/MNRAS/475/1609) radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublenullablee_BRV? Uncertainty in BRVkm/sstat.errordoublenullableMassStellar mass from this studysolMassphys.massfloatXobsHeliocentric Cartesian X coordinate (1)pcpos.cartesian.x;pos.heliocentricfloatYobsHeliocentric Cartesian Y coordinate (1)pcpos.cartesian.y;pos.heliocentricfloatZobsHeliocentric Cartesian Z coordinate (1)pcpos.cartesian.z;pos.heliocentricfloatXcorHeliocentric Cartesian X coordinate (2)pcpos.cartesian.x;pos.heliocentricfloatYcorHeliocentric Cartesian Y coordinate (2)pcpos.cartesian.y;pos.heliocentricfloatZcorHeliocentric Cartesian Z coordinate (2)pcpos.cartesian.z;pos.heliocentricfloatDistCorrected distancepcpos.distancefloat