J/ApJ/905/173ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/905/173doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19050173CDSZhao J.-H.Morris M.R.Goss W.M.2022-08-26T13:27:30Z2022-08-08T11:18:33ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frradio-sourcesgalactic-centerx-ray-sourcesUsing Jansky Very Large Array data obtained from high-resolution observations at 5.5GHz at multiple epochs in 2014 and 2019, we have detected a population of radio variables and transients in the radio-bright zone at the Galactic center. With observations covering a sky area of 180arcmin^2^ at an angular resolution of 0.4, we report new detections of 110 Galactic center compact radio (GCCR) sources with a size of <1". The flux densities of GCCR sources exceed 70{mu}Jy, with at least 10{sigma} significance. Among these sources, 82 are variable or transient and 28 are nonvariable. About 10% of them are expected to be extragalactic background sources. We discuss the possible astrophysical nature of the detected sources. As compared to the Galactic disk (GD) population of normal pulsars (NPs) and millisecond pulsars (MSPs), a majority (80%) of the GCCR sources appear to fall within the high flux density tail of the pulsar distribution, as extrapolated from a sample of NPs in the GD. However, MSPs extrapolated from the GD population are too weak to have contributed significantly to the GCCR population that has been detected. We also cross-correlated the GCCR sources with X-ray sources in Chandra X-ray catalogs and found that 42 GCCR sources have candidate X-ray counterparts. Most of the GCCR sources having X-ray counterparts are likely to be associated with unresolved or slightly resolved radio jets launched from X-ray binaries with a compact object, either a black hole or a neutron star.2020ApJ...905..173Zhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/905/173CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/chandra : The Chandra Archive Log (CXC, 1999-2014)B/psr : ATNF Pulsar Catalogue (Manchester+, 2005)VII/156 : Catalog of 558 Pulsars (Taylor+ 1993)VII/189 : Catalog of Pulsars (Taylor+ 1995)J/MNRAS/273/411 : Multifrequency fluxes of 280 pulsars (Lorimer+ 1995)J/ApJ/589/225 : Chandra X-ray sources toward Galactic Center (Muno+, 2003)J/ApJS/165/173 : Chandra sources in Galaxy central 150pc (Muno+, 2006)J/ApJS/181/110 : Galactic center X-ray sources (Muno+, 2009)J/A+A/570/A2 : Spectra and RVs of nuclear stars (Feldmeier+, 2014)J/A+A/566/A47 : MW nuclear star cluster extinction map (Schoedel+, 2014)J/ApJS/223/15 : 8yr INTEGRAL/IBIS soft gamma-ray source obs. (Bird+, 2016)J/ApJ/825/132 : NuSTAR hard X-ray survey of the GC. II. (Hong+, 2016)J/AJ/154/252 : A VLA survey of magnetic CVs. I. The data (Barrett+, 2017)J/ApJS/230/7 : Spectral flux densities from 50MHz to 50GHz (Perley+, 2017)J/MNRAS/474/4629 : Polarimetry of pulsars from 1.4GHz obs. (Johnston+, 2018)J/ApJS/235/4 : 105-month Swift-BAT all-sky hard X-ray survey (Oh+, 2018)J/ApJS/235/26 : Ultradeep cat. of X-ray point sources in the GC (Zhu+, 2018)J/ApJ/875/80 : Faint radio sources in GOODSN & -S. I. VLA 5GHz (Gim+, 2019)J/A+A/641/A102 : MW nuclear star cluster HKs photometry (Schoedel+, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/905/173https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/905/173http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/905/173https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/905/173https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/905/173http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/905/173GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/905/173/table2 (A catalog of compact radio sources at 5.5GHz)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/905/173/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/905/173/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/905/173/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true266.54404167-28.93030.0055555555555555566/288303.644338263669406e-24 3.644338263669406e-24https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/905/173?format=asciiX-rayRadiodefaultJ/ApJ/905/173/table2A catalog of compact radio sources at 5.5GHzrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGCCR[1/110] GCCR number; <[ZMG2020] GCCRNNN> in Simbadmeta.id;meta.mainintprimaryTypeObject type (1)meta.code;src.varcharRAJ2000[17] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[28/29] Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainrTheta[6.9/455] Angular distance of source to phase centerarcsecpos.angDistancefloatDelRA[-313/401] Right Ascension offset with respect to Sgr A*arcsecpos.eq.ra;arith.difffloatDelDE[-297/417] Declination offset with respect to Sgr A*arcsecpos.eq.dec;arith.difffloatFPB[1/45] Primary beam correction factorinstr.paramfloatFPB1[0.003/7.1] Fractional uncertainty in FPBstat.errorfloatl_S1Limit flag on S1meta.code.errorcharS1[0.07/17.2] 5.5GHz flux density on 2019-09-08mJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.3-6GHzfloate_S1[0.01/0.9]? Uncertainty in S1mJystat.errorfloatnullablel_S2Limit flag on S2meta.code.errorcharS2[0.02/8.08] 5.5GHz flux density on 2014-05-26mJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.3-6GHzfloate_S2[0.01/0.3]? Uncertainty in S2mJystat.errorfloatnullablel_S3Limit flag on S3meta.code.errorcharS3[0.02/8.4] 5.5GHz flux density on 2014-05-17mJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.3-6GHzfloate_S3[0.01/0.2]? Uncertainty in S3mJystat.errorfloatnullablesigma[5/300] RMS in regions near sourceuJy/beamstat.stdevintClassGCCR source classification (2)src.classcharNote[1/74]? Note (see notes.dat file)meta.noteintnullableFlXX-ray identification? (3)meta.codecharXIDDisplay the candidate X-ray counterpart identifications (link to Table 3)meta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/905/173/notesSource sizes (from Note in Table 2)CommCommentmeta.notecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNote[1/74] Code number of the notemeta.note;meta.mainintprimaryamaj[0.2/0.98]? Major axis ({theta}_Major_)arcsecphys.angSizefloatnullablee_amaj[0.02/0.25]? amaj uncertaintyarcsecstat.errorfloatnullablebmin[0.04/0.51]? Minor axis ({theta}_Minor_)arcsecphys.angSize;srcfloatnullablee_bmin[0.01/0.2]? bmin uncertaintyarcsecstat.errorfloatnullablePA[-4/176]? Position angledegpos.posAngintnullablee_PA[3/30]? PA uncertaintydegstat.errorintnullableJ/ApJ/905/173/table3Identifications of candidate X-ray counterparts of Galactic center compact radio (GCCR) sources (See Section 4)SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableGCCRGCCR numbermeta.id;meta.mainintXIDCXOGC or Galactic identifiermeta.notecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintZ18[185/3042]? Sequential number from Zhu et al. 2018, J/ApJS/235/26meta.id.crossintnullableSep[0.2/2]? Positional offset between X-ray and radio ({Delta}{theta}_X-R_)arcsecpos.angDistancefloatnullableS2-8keV[1.12/190] 2-8keV flux, or lower range1e-07ph.cm**-2.s**-1phot.flux;em.X-rayfloatS2-8keVup[1.2/186]? upper range of 2-8keV flux1e-07ph.cm**-2.s**-1phot.flux;em.X-rayfloatnullableRefReference (1)meta.ref;pos.framechar