J/ApJ/903/55ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/903/55doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19030055CDSPoovelilPoovelil V.J.Zasowski G.Hasselquist S.Seth A.Donor J.,Beaton R.L.Cunha K.Frinchaboy P.M.Garcia-Hernandez D.A.Hawkins K.,Kratter K.M.Lane R.R.Nitschelm C.2023-06-09T08:50:42Z2022-02-16T12:43:51ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmilky-way-galaxyopen-star-clustersinfrared-astronomyspectroscopyproper-motionsradial-velocitystellar-agesThe chemical homogeneity of surviving stellar clusters contains important clues about interstellar medium (ISM) mixing efficiency, star formation, and the enrichment history of the Galaxy. Existing measurements in a handful of open clusters suggest homogeneity in several elements at the 0.03dex level. Here we present (I) a new cluster member catalog based only on APOGEE radial velocities and Gaia-DR2 proper motions, (II) improved abundance uncertainties for APOGEE cluster members, and (III) the dependence of cluster homogeneity on Galactic and cluster properties, using abundances of eight elements from the APOGEE survey for 10 high-quality clusters. We find that cluster homogeneity is uncorrelated with Galactocentric distance, |Z|, age, and metallicity. However, velocity dispersion, which is a proxy for cluster mass, is positively correlated with intrinsic scatter at relatively high levels of significance for [Ca/Fe] and [Mg/Fe]. We also see a possible positive correlation at a low level of significance for [Ni/Fe], [Si/Fe], [Al/Fe], and [Fe/H], while [Cr/Fe] and [Mn/Fe] are uncorrelated. The elements that show a correlation with velocity dispersion are those that are predominantly produced by core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe). However, the small sample size and relatively low correlation significance highlight the need for follow-up studies. If borne out by future studies, these findings would suggest a quantitative difference between the correlation lengths of elements produced predominantly by Type Ia SNe versus CCSNe, which would have implications for Galactic chemical evolution models and the feasibility of chemical tagging.2020ApJ...903...55Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/903/55CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)III/284 : APOGEE-2 data from DR16 (Johnsson+, 2020)VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)J/A+A/438/1163 : Catalogue of Open Cluster Data (COCD) (Kharchenko+, 2005)J/MNRAS/374/399 : Infrared star clusters with |b|<20{deg} (Froebrich+, 2007)J/AJ/136/118 : Open clusters as galactic disk tracers. I. (Frinchaboy+, 2008)J/AJ/138/159 : NGC 6819 stellar radial-velocity and photometry (Hole+, 2009)J/MNRAS/415/563 : Elemental abundances in Hyades supercluster (De Silva+, 2011)J/AJ/141/58 : NGC 2204 and NGC 2243 red giant abundances (Jacobson+, 2011)J/AJ/142/59 : Chemical abundance in 10 open clusters (Jacobson+, 2011)J/A+A/558/A53 : Milky Way global survey star clusters. II. (Kharchenko+, 2013)J/AJ/146/133 : Stellar parameters from SDSS-III APOGEE DR10 (Meszaros+, 2013)J/AJ/146/43 : WIYN open cluster study. LV. NGC 6819 (Platais+, 2013)J/AJ/149/121 : WOCS. LXV. Abundances in NGC 6819 (Lee-Brown+, 2015)J/AJ/151/144 : ASPCAP weights for 15 APOGEE chemical elements (Garcia+, 2016)J/A+A/594/A43 : APOGEE/Kepler sample stars abundances (Hawkins+, 2016)J/MNRAS/463/696 : M67 solar twins chemical compositions (Liu+, 2016)J/A+A/618/A93 : Gaia DR2 open clusters in the Milky Way (Cantat-Gaudin+, 2018)J/AJ/156/142 : Precision cluster abund. APOGEE using SDSS DR14 (Donor+, 2018)J/AJ/156/126 : Stellar parameters & abund. BACCHUS analysis (Jonsson+, 2018)J/A+A/629/A34 : APOGEE stars members of 35 star clusters (Garcia-Dias+, 2019)J/AJ/158/122 : Local structure & star formation history of MW (Kounkel+, 2019)J/A+A/628/A54 : Fe, Mg, Ti in Galactic clusters (Kovalev+, 2019)J/AJ/159/199 : OCCAM. IV. Open cluster abundances APOGEE DR16 (Donor+, 2020)J/A+A/638/A76 : StarHorse data for 5 surveys (Queiroz+, 2020)J/AJ/159/19 : SOAR TESS survey. I. (Ziegler+, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/903/55https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/903/55http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/903/55https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/903/55https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/903/55http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/903/55GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/903/55/table2 (*Catalog clusters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/903/55/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/903/55/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/903/55/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true285.4054088933.574881940.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/903/55/table1 (Table of cluster members selected using our membership selection)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/903/55/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/903/55/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/903/55/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.0028557.173163890.0055555555555555564/29 110 5/95 113 115 121 209 288 438 444 769 773-775 784-785 787 790 792 1019 1063 1074 3589 3688 5215 5555 5563 5720 5723 5726 5926 5929 6084-6086 7255 7261 6/366-367 374-375 378 411 414 433 435-436 438-439 451 490 492-493 496-498 833 835 841 844-845 848 850 856 1064 1066-1067 1156 1158 1161 1164 1216 1218 1283 1286 1289 1302 1305 1308 1334-1335 1345-1348 1350 1447 1453 1458 1461 1463-1464 1474-1475 1480-1482 1504 1512 1514 1536 1538-1539 1542 1545 1695 1710-1711 1717-1719 1724-1725 1727 1738-1739 1743 1746-1747 1782-1786 1788-1790 1923 2990-2991 2997 3002 3040 3051 3062-3063 3075 3081 3083-3086 3089-3091 3127 3131 3133-3135 3144-3145 3147 3155 3158 3174 3176-3178 3180 3277 3611 3613-3614 3633 3636 4073-4075 4247 4276-4277 4279 4290 4320-4322 4782-4783 6148-6149 14012 14014 14029 14031 14040 14042 14173-14175 14196-14197 14293 14295 14324 14404 14521-14523 14526 14573 14575 14584 14586 14779 14864-14865 15121 15124 15379 15382 15385 15411 15416-15417 15447 15453 16343 20562 20568 20903 20909 21433 21436 21438 21456 21458 21556-21557 21559 21567 22078-22079 22119 22128 22130 22136 22163-22166 22246-22247 22258 22264 22266 22815 22837 22856 22858-22859 22886-22887 22889 22891 22898 22980-22981 22992-22993 23633 23635-23636 23638-23639 23644 23687 23693 23695 23698-23699 23728 23730 23904 23906 24292-24293 24325 24327 24333 24335 24348-24350 24376 24465 24467 24483 24486 24489-24492 24497 24499-24500 24502 28819 28822 28829 29043 29052-29053 29090-29091 29096-29097 29704 29706 29728 29730 29740 30213 30215 30226 30692-30693 37904-37906 37923-37924 37926 39378-39379 39384-39385 41653 41655 42434-42435 43014 43054-43055 43140-43141https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/903/55?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/903/55/table2*Catalog clustersSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableAge[6/9.7] Log(age) of clusterlog(yr)time.agefloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintClusterName of clustermeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryRAJ2000[6.41/360] Right Ascension, cluster center (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-63.5/85.3] Declination, cluster center (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainRadius[3.6/186.0] Adopted cluster radiusarcminphys.angSizefloatDist[0.17/8.63] Median spectrophotometric distance (1)kpcpos.distancefloate_Dist[0/2.7] Dispersion of distancekpcstat.errorfloate_Age[0/0.2] Uncertainty in log(age) of clusterlog(yr)stat.error;time.agefloat[M/H][-0.47/0.35] Mean [M/H] of cluster membersphys.abundfloate_[M/H][0/0.47] Standard deviation of [M/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloatRVel[-97.8/92.1] Mean of best-fit Gaussian to RVskm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_RVel[0.2/6] Standard deviation of RVelkm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocfloatARVel[0.01/0.22] Amplitude of best-fit Gaussian to Radial velocitieskm/ssrc.var.amplitude;phys.velocfloatpmRA[-10.98/4.29] Mean proper motion in RA of best-fit Gaussian to pmRA*pmDEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-8.76/5.5] Mean proper motion in DE of best-fit Gaussian to pmRA*pmDEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmRA[-0.7/4.4] Standard deviation in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmDE[-0.7/5.9] Standard deviation in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatApm[-0.05/0.25] Amplitude of best-fit Gaussian to pmRA*pmDEsrc.var.amplitudefloatRpm[-24.7/17.4] Rotation angle of Gaussian fit to pmRA*pmDEradpos.pm;meta.modelledfloatSpm[-0.14/1.46] Scale of annular PM distributioninstr.scalefloatARV/e[9.6/210]? RVel Amplitude over residual ({sigma}_residual_)phys.veloc;src.orbitalfloatnullableNmem[4/381] Number of selected cluster membersmeta.numberintFlagValidation flag for the cluster (2)meta.code.errorchar[Mg/Fe][-0.12/0.2] Mean [Mg/Fe] of cluster membersphys.abundfloate_[Mg/Fe][0/0.3] Standard deviation of [Mg/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatZ[0.003/1.34] Vertical distance from the Milky Way disckpcpos.distance;arith.difffloatRgc[1.39/13.4] Galactocentric distance of clusterkpcpos.distance;arith.difffloate_Rgc[-1.8/1.3] Uncertainty in R GCkpcstat.errorfloat3Dvel[0.64/50.1] 3D velocity dispersionkpcspect.dopplerVelocfloate_3Dvel[0.03/13] Uncertainty in 3Dvelkpcstat.errorfloatNstarsNumber of stars observed in the cluster (table1)meta.numberintnullableJ/ApJ/903/55/table1Table of cluster members selected using our membership selectionSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableClusterName of clustermeta.id.parentcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintAPOGEEAPOGEE identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000[0.002/360] Right Ascension of star (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDEJ2000[-63.7/86.4] Declination of star (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedNRV[0/38.6]? Number of {sigma}, Radial Velocity (1)meta.idfloatnullableNPM[0.01/38.6]? Number of {sigma}, Proper Motion (1)meta.numberfloatnullableDist[0.15/371.84] Distance to cluster centerarcminpos.angDistancefloat